Exam 12: Tactical Crime Analysis and Hot Spots

The concept of psychological motivation is essential to crime pattern theory

It could be argued that most research on crime and crime prevention has been focused on how the environment causes people to commit crimes.

Analysts often work with geographic information systems (GIS) software to create ______________ to visualize data and identify patterns and hot spots.

A rational choice perspective provides the basic rationale for defining place as important in crime

Social Disorganization Theory suggests that crime occurs when community relationships and local institutions fail or are absent.

There is growing evidence that ______________can have a dramatic and immediate impact on specific crime problems.

Given a set of high-crime locations, a crime pattern theorist would focus on how offenders discover and gain access to the place; on the other hand, a routine activities theorist would focus instead on the ______________ and the possible absence of controllers.

Crime maps that detect ______________are useful when they answer analytical questions based on crime theories and subsequently guide appropriate police action.

Environmental criminologists examine the place and time when the crime happened

A Node is a term from transportation that refers to where people travel to and from

Crime pattern theory links places with desirable targets and the context within which they are found by focusing on how _______ come to the attention of potential offenders.

Members of the Chicago School, notably Clifford Shaw and Henry McKay, explored the theory of social disorganization

A dot map can show a _______where crime problems have occurred.

With place-based policing, the concern is with much smaller units of geography than the police have typically focused on

Some crimes are more likely to occur at the edges-or boundaries of areas-because people from different ______________come together at edges.

The paths people take in their everyday activities are closely related to where they fall victim to ______________.

Another term for hot spots is disorder concentrations.

Following Shaw and McKay and others, many criminologists have sought to continue the work of these pioneers by attempting to explain or predict crime based on factors ______________ to the individual.

Today, because of advancing technology, hot spots can be identified using maps and GIS as well as ______________.

One strain of theories-the ecological or areal tradition of criminology-is concerned with the environmental, contextual, community, physical, or situational correlates of _______.