Exam 18: Sociology of the Environment

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________ is the right to appeal unlawful imprisonment.

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States are less likely to fall if the military deserts them.

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What characterizes a free country?

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A free country is characterized by several key attributes that collectively ensure the liberty and rights of its citizens. These attributes include:

1. Rule of Law: A free country operates under a system where laws are transparent, stable, and just; are applied evenly; and protect fundamental rights, including the security of persons and property.

2. Political Freedom: Citizens have the right to form, join, and participate in political parties and activities. They can vote in free and fair elections to choose their leaders and have a say in the governance of their country.

3. Civil Liberties: Individuals enjoy freedoms of speech, expression, assembly, religion, and the press. These liberties allow citizens to express their opinions, criticize the government, and advocate for change without fear of retribution.

4. Human Rights: A free country upholds and protects basic human rights, such as the right to life, freedom from torture, freedom from arbitrary arrest and detention, and the right to a fair trial.

5. Economic Freedom: Citizens have the right to own property, engage in business and trade, and enjoy the fruits of their labor without undue interference from the government.

6. Equality before the Law: All individuals are equal under the law and have the right to equal protection and benefit from the law without discrimination.

7. Independent Judiciary: A free country has an independent judiciary that is not influenced by other branches of government or by political or economic pressures. Judges are impartial and rulings are based on law, not on political considerations.

8. Transparency and Accountability: The government operates with transparency, providing citizens with information about its activities. Public officials are held accountable for their actions, and mechanisms exist for the public to seek redress when wronged by the government.

9. Respect for Privacy: Individuals have the right to privacy, and the government respects the confidentiality of personal and family life, as well as the integrity of the home and correspondence.

10. Freedom of Movement: Citizens have the right to move freely within the country and to travel abroad, as well as the right to return to their country.

A free country is not only defined by the presence of these characteristics but also by the active and ongoing commitment to maintaining and improving them. It is a dynamic process that requires vigilance, participation, and dedication from both the government and its citizens to uphold the principles of freedom and democracy.

Democracy did not exist before the modern USA.

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Pluralists see that power is less concentrated in a democracy.

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________ is a grassroots movement of many people aimed at political reform or change.

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The Iranian revolution was not a result of a social movement.

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In the summer of 1989, Hungary opened its borders to the west.

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Things began to change in the 80s under the new soviet leader _______.

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Why was the American civil war crucial for democracy in the US?

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In a _____, people are generally able to vote on decisions that affect them.

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_______ see that power is less concentrated in a democracy.

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Why was the Magna Carta important for democracy in England?

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The ______ in England, forced the King to follow certain laws and procedures, gave nobles certain rights, and allowed people to appeal unjust imprisonment.

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What are some examples of social movements?

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The revolution after World War II in China led to communism.

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Iran is currently an Islamic republic.

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What was the famous and false term used to justify segregation

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_______ is the theory that social movements only succeed if they successfully mobilize both resources and money to solve logistical problems.

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The civil rights movement in the US was a social movement.

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