Question 1

What is the Big Bang?

Accepted Answer

A)  An enormous explosion that organized all matter in the universe 
B)  The creation of matter and the universe 
C)  The creation of the primeval fireball 
D)  An explosion that spewed matter all over the universe 
E)  The event that started the expansion of the universe 
A)  An enormous explosion that organized all matter in the universe 
B)  The creation of matter and the universe 
C)  The creation of the primeval fireball 
D)  An explosion that spewed matter all over the universe 
E)  The event that started the expansion of the universe

Question 2

The cosmological principle is the ultimate extension of the ________ principle; we are note at the center of the solar system, the galaxy, or the universe.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The cosmological principle is the ultimate extension...

Question 3

At the end of the first fifteen minutes, the mass ratio of H/He created was about

Accepted Answer

A)  50/50. 
B)  75/25. 
C)  27/73. 
D)  90/10. 
E)  1/4. 
A)  50/50. 
B)  75/25. 
C)  27/73. 
D)  90/10. 
E)  1/4.

Question 4

Where did the Big Bang occur?

Accepted Answer

It involved the entire universe, which w

Question 5

What does Hubble's law imply about the history of the universe?

Accepted Answer

A)  The universe must be infinitely old and huge. 
B)  The universe had a beginning and has expanded since, giving it a finite age. 
C)  The Milky Way lies exactly at the center of this expansion. 
D)  The red shifts will lengthen with time due to dark energy. 
E)  The red shifts will turn to blue shifts as universe contraction follows the expansion. 
A)  The universe must be infinitely old and huge. 
B)  The universe had a beginning and has expanded since, giving it a finite age. 
C)  The Milky Way lies exactly at the center of this expansion. 
D)  The red shifts will lengthen with time due to dark energy. 
E)  The red shifts will turn to blue shifts as universe contraction follows the expansion.

Question 6

Why didn't elements heavier than helium form in the first minutes of creation?

Accepted Answer

A)  The first generation of stars used them up too quickly to observe them. 
B)  There was not enough matter in the universe at that time. 
C)  When He-4 was formed, the expansion cooled the cosmos below 100 million K. 
D)  The electrons slowed down enough to be captured into orbits by protons. 
E)  Only Type I supernovae can produce iron and heavier elements. 
A)  The first generation of stars used them up too quickly to observe them. 
B)  There was not enough matter in the universe at that time. 
C)  When He-4 was formed, the expansion cooled the cosmos below 100 million K. 
D)  The electrons slowed down enough to be captured into orbits by protons. 
E)  Only Type I supernovae can produce iron and heavier elements.

Question 7

Observed mall fluctuations in the temperature of the cosmic microwave background are predicted by dark energy models.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

Galaxies in all directions are observed to be streaming away from us as if we were in the center of the universe. Contrast this impression with the Cosmological Principle and explain why a simple-minded interpretation of the Hubble expansion is incorrect.

Accepted Answer

If we are at the center of the universe

Question 9

Decoupling refers to interactions between matter and antimatter at the end of the Radiation Era.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

The crossover point from radiation to matter domination occurred

Accepted Answer

A)  when the strong force separated from the other two forces. 
B)  with the emission of the cosmic background radiation. 
C)  about 50,000 years after the Big Bang, at a temperature of about 16,000 K. 
D)  with the creation of neutrons and protons, at about 10¹³ K. 
E)  with the creation of electrons and positrons at about 6 × 10⁹ K. 
A)  when the strong force separated from the other two forces. 
B)  with the emission of the cosmic background radiation. 
C)  about 50,000 years after the Big Bang, at a temperature of about 16,000 K. 
D)  with the creation of neutrons and protons, at about 10¹³ K. 
E)  with the creation of electrons and positrons at about 6 × 10⁹ K.

Question 11

Most astronomers agree to interpret ________ Law to mean that the present day universe is expanding.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Most astronomers agree to interpret ________ Law...

Question 12

At this time, the universe is

Accepted Answer

A)  radiation dominated. 
B)  quark dominated. 
C)  lepton dominated. 
D)  matter dominated. 
E)  dark energy dominated. 
A)  radiation dominated. 
B)  quark dominated. 
C)  lepton dominated. 
D)  matter dominated. 
E)  dark energy dominated.

Question 13

Computer simulations and the huge structures observed in the universe support the ________ model of the universe.

Accepted Answer

dark-matte

Question 14

What key event happened during the decoupling epoch?

Accepted Answer

A)  Pairs of neutrons and protons were created. 
B)  Electrons and positrons were created. 
C)  Expansion cooled the universe enough that protons could capture electrons in orbit. 
D)  Dark energy accelerated the cosmos on to infinity. 
E)  The universe underwent a brief period of very rapid expansion. 
A)  Pairs of neutrons and protons were created. 
B)  Electrons and positrons were created. 
C)  Expansion cooled the universe enough that protons could capture electrons in orbit. 
D)  Dark energy accelerated the cosmos on to infinity. 
E)  The universe underwent a brief period of very rapid expansion.

Question 15

At present the universe is expanding, but we are not certain if this expansion will continue forever, come to a stop, or if the universe will ultimately collapse back into itself. What observational tests are possible to test among these three possibilities?

Accepted Answer

The possibilities can be tested by measu

Question 16

About how hot was the Big Bang when matter and energy "decoupled"?

Accepted Answer

A)  900 million K 
B)  15 million K 
C)  3,000 K 
D)  300 K 
E)  2.73 K 
A)  900 million K 
B)  15 million K 
C)  3,000 K 
D)  300 K 
E)  2.73 K

Question 17

The center of the universe

Accepted Answer

A)  is the Milky Way. 
B)  is the Sun. 
C)  is Earth. 
D)  is where the Big Bang happened. 
E)  does not exist anywhere in space. 
A)  is the Milky Way. 
B)  is the Sun. 
C)  is Earth. 
D)  is where the Big Bang happened. 
E)  does not exist anywhere in space.

Question 18

State the cosmological principle.

Accepted Answer

The universe is both

Question 19

At decoupling, the electrons and protons were made from neutron decay.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

The concept that on the grandest of scales, the universe is similar in appearance everywhere is

Accepted Answer

A)  special relativity. 
B)  general relativity. 
C)  homogeneity. 
D)  isotropy. 
E)  universality. 
A)  special relativity. 
B)  general relativity. 
C)  homogeneity. 
D)  isotropy. 
E)  universality.

What is the Big Bang?

The cosmological principle is the ultimate extension of the ________ principle; we are note at the center of the solar system, the galaxy, or the universe.

At the end of the first fifteen minutes, the mass ratio of H/He created was about

Where did the Big Bang occur?

What does Hubble's law imply about the history of the universe?

Why didn't elements heavier than helium form in the first minutes of creation?

Observed mall fluctuations in the temperature of the cosmic microwave background are predicted by dark energy models.

Galaxies in all directions are observed to be streaming away from us as if we were in the center of the universe. Contrast this impression with the Cosmological Principle and explain why a simple-minded interpretation of the Hubble expansion is incorrect.

Decoupling refers to interactions between matter and antimatter at the end of the Radiation Era.

The crossover point from radiation to matter domination occurred

Most astronomers agree to interpret ________ Law to mean that the present day universe is expanding.

At this time, the universe is

Computer simulations and the huge structures observed in the universe support the ________ model of the universe.

What key event happened during the decoupling epoch?

At present the universe is expanding, but we are not certain if this expansion will continue forever, come to a stop, or if the universe will ultimately collapse back into itself. What observational tests are possible to test among these three possibilities?

About how hot was the Big Bang when matter and energy "decoupled"?

The center of the universe

State the cosmological principle.

At decoupling, the electrons and protons were made from neutron decay.

The concept that on the grandest of scales, the universe is similar in appearance everywhere is

The Night Sky

Light and Telescopes

The Solar System

Earth and Its Moon

The Eight Planets

Small Bodies in the Solar System

Formation of Planetary Systems

The Sun

Measuring the Stars

Star Formation and Evolution

Stellar Explosions

Black Holes

The Milky Way Galaxy

Galaxies

Filters

Exam 15: Cosmology and the Universe

What is the Big Bang?

The cosmological principle is the ultimate extension of the ________ principle; we are note at the center of the solar system, the galaxy, or the universe.

At the end of the first fifteen minutes, the mass ratio of H/He created was about

Where did the Big Bang occur?

What does Hubble's law imply about the history of the universe?

Why didn't elements heavier than helium form in the first minutes of creation?

Observed mall fluctuations in the temperature of the cosmic microwave background are predicted by dark energy models.

Galaxies in all directions are observed to be streaming away from us as if we were in the center of the universe. Contrast this impression with the Cosmological Principle and explain why a simple-minded interpretation of the Hubble expansion is incorrect.

Decoupling refers to interactions between matter and antimatter at the end of the Radiation Era.

The crossover point from radiation to matter domination occurred

Most astronomers agree to interpret ________ Law to mean that the present day universe is expanding.

At this time, the universe is

Computer simulations and the huge structures observed in the universe support the ________ model of the universe.

What key event happened during the decoupling epoch?

At present the universe is expanding, but we are not certain if this expansion will continue forever, come to a stop, or if the universe will ultimately collapse back into itself. What observational tests are possible to test among these three possibilities?

About how hot was the Big Bang when matter and energy "decoupled"?

The center of the universe

State the cosmological principle.

At decoupling, the electrons and protons were made from neutron decay.

The concept that on the grandest of scales, the universe is similar in appearance everywhere is

The Night Sky

Light and Telescopes

The Solar System

Earth and Its Moon

The Eight Planets

Small Bodies in the Solar System

Formation of Planetary Systems

The Sun

Measuring the Stars

Star Formation and Evolution

Stellar Explosions

Black Holes

The Milky Way Galaxy

Galaxies

Filters