Exam 12: The Problem of Global Inequality

The definition of poverty by the UN Commission on Human Rights stating that it is "a human condition characterized by the sustained or chronic deprivation of the resources, capabilities, choices, security, and power necessary for the enjoyment of an adequate standard of living and other civil, cultural, economic, political, and social rights," considers poverty in terms of

Rich countries should be concerned about poverty in other countries in part because

The export led growth countries pursued a policy of "going where the money is." This was referred to as

In recent decades, the World Bank shifted to an approach that focused on food, shelter, and health care. This approach is referred to as the

By the 1980s, donor countries and organizations had reached an understanding on development strategy that was based on the values of open economies and free trade. This was known as the

Which are not measures of inequality and poverty mentioned in the text?

__________ refers to the condition when a country is provided a benefit as it enters a new industry first.

The United States was willing to tolerate significant trade deficits with which of the following countries during the Cold War, due to the strategic importance of this (these) country(ies)?

The development concept that pushes for the state to accumulate capital, direct investment, and provide legal, administrative, and educational infrastructure is called

Why do some criticize the voting structure in the World Bank?

In the second half of the twentieth century, import substitution was dominant in

Three of the following are advantages generally enjoyed by "first movers." Which one is not?

The International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (IBRD) focuses on __________, whereas the International Development Association (IDA) focuses on __________.

In the second half of the twentieth century, export-led growth was dominant in

An important and controversial practice of the World Bank is establishing an agreement so that the borrowing country must agree to a set of requirements. This practice is known as

Which of the following is not a part of the World Bank structure?

One major school of thought argues that the rise of capitalism affected Europe's economic development by

Which of the following countries has the least inequality, according to Gini coefficient data?

A more recent development strategy is called structural adjustment. This refers to

Theorists in the __________ school of thought tend to argue that inequality was produced by colonialism and will persist unless specific steps are taken.