Exam 13: When Policies Work at Cross-Purposes: Addressing Challenges and Pursuing Opportunities

__________ policy refers to the condition where agricultural producers who qualify for and collect commodity program payments and related benefits are required to comply with certain conservation requirements as an eligibility condition for the receipt of farm-bill benefits.

Dr. Will Masters urges reform of US agricultural policy to change or eliminate the farm subsidy system, such that the average consumer household will receive new price signals about what actually constitutes a healthy diet.

As defined by Mancur Olson, free riders are typically smaller in size and can readily assess that lobbying efforts return handsome rents (above-normal returns) for themselves.

The _________ proposes an organized approach among "four domains" of food systems to achieve desired nutritional outcomes: Agricultural Production, Markets and Trade Systems, Consumer Purchasing Power, and Food Transformation and Consumer Demand.

The ____________ is dedicated to generating new knowledge and policy solutions through integrated research on improving agri-food systems, mitigating hunger, enhancing the environment, and encouraging interdisciplinary inquiry.

Free trade and coupled farm subsidies are economic policies that work at cross-purposes (are contradictory)

The 2014 Farm Bill applied cross-compliance conservation requirements to producer participants in the _____________ program.

When conservation subsidies supplement producer incomes, increase farm wealth, they create financial capacity to convert natural habitat to farm enterprises. This unanticipated effect of conservation subsidies of increasing agricultural use at the expense of less natural habitat is called _______________.

As defined by Mancur Olson, latent groups are often comprised of consumers and taxpayers who find it costly and difficult to organize themselves to jointly lobby for their common interests.

Mancur Olson's logic of collective action predicts that groups whose members share common interests almost always act in unison to consistently achieve their collective purposes.

The ___________________ promotes a broad-based and systematic effort that can meet these four challenges: Meeting Future Demand for Food; Conserving and Enhancing Water, Soil, and Habitat; Improving Nutrition and Public Health; and Strengthening Farms, Workers, and Communities.