Exam 7: Family, Education, and Career

Blau and Duncan found that family background, independent of ______, significantly contributes to the career success of a son's SES.

Most Americans believe in "equality of opportunity" and "equality of results."

Students from lower status families are more likely to enroll at 2-year community colleges.

What percent of students from families in the top SES quartile will enroll in a highly selective institution?

Describe the difference between the terms "equality of opportunity" and "equality of outcome." What do Americans generally think about the concept of equality?

Jencks believed that the best way to address economic inequality in the United States is to improve the quality of bad schools.

What term explains a series of successive causal influences, especially in occupational achievement?

The study of ______ is complicated due to the frequency with which relevant variables are correlated.

Describe the findings of Blau and Duncan with regard to the relationship between family background, education, and career success.

Correlation is measured by a coefficient that ranges from 0.0 to 1.00. What correlation coefficient would demonstrate a perfect relationship between two variables?

What two variables did Jencks and his colleagues add to the Blau and Duncan model?

What is the new market niche that offers expensive SAT courses and advice from independent counselors about gaining admission to selective educational institutions known as?

What method did Blau and Duncan use in their analysis which allowed them to sort out the influence of each variable, independent of the others?

What has happened with the income gap between high school and college graduates in recent years?

Variance is measured by a coefficient that ranges from 0.0 (there is no relationship between two variables) to 1.00 (we can, with perfect accuracy, predict the second variable by knowing the first).

When measuring variance, the higher the percentage, the stronger the relationship between variables.

Blau and Duncan found that ______.

What is typically invoked when we are trying to measure the influence of a series of prior variables on a single dependent variable?

Most Americans believe that the educational system in the United States is the great equalizer providing all with the opportunity to transcend whatever particular social class they were born into.

Who urged the replacement of the corrupt old "aristocracy of wealth" with a new "aristocracy of virtue and talent?"