Question 1

The correlation coefficient is a statistic that measures the degree of _________________ between two variables.

Accepted Answer

A)  cause 
B)  association 
C)  validity 
D)  variability 
A)  cause 
B)  association 
C)  validity 
D)  variability

Question 2

Correlations measures dependence between two variables

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

In regression, the y-variable is often the predicted variable. The x-variable is used to predict the y-variable.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

Does money buy happiness? A research collected data on how much individuals spent for the holidays, and how satisfied they were with their holiday season, overall. Below are the data:
 $$\begin{array} { c c } 
\hline \text { Dollars } & \text { Satisfaction } \
\hline 100 & 4 \
140 & 7 \
130 & 3 \
190 & 4 \
120 & 7 \
100 & 4 \
150 & 8 \
140 & 2 \
160 & 9 \
180 & 10 \
70 & 5 \
120 & 7 \
90 & 2 \
70 & 4 \
\hline
\end{array}$$ is the result significant at alpha = .05?

Accepted Answer

No, the two variable

Question 5

Even though researchers use regressions to predict outcomes, this does not mean that there is a(n) _____________.

Accepted Answer

A)  correlation 
B)  causal effect 
C)  association 
D)  relationship 
A)  correlation 
B)  causal effect 
C)  association 
D)  relationship

Question 6

A researcher is examining whether the amount of time newborns can sleep without being disturbed is related to parental stress. The researcher asked 30 parents to report the longest amount of time in number of minutes their newborn child has been able to sleep without waking up. Then the parents were asked to rate their stress levels.
How many degrees of freedom are there for this correlation?

Accepted Answer

A)  30 
B)  29 
C)  27 
D)  28 
A)  30 
B)  29 
C)  27 
D)  28

Question 7

Based on Galton's work, which of the following types of graphs would you expect to be most useful to plot a correlation between two variables?

Accepted Answer

A)  scatterplot 
B)  bar chart 
C)  pie chart 
D)  histogram 
A)  scatterplot 
B)  bar chart 
C)  pie chart 
D)  histogram

Question 8

Which of the following is false of possible hidden variables in correlations?

Accepted Answer

A)  Hidden variables can be the true cause of an outcome 
B)  The effects of hidden variables can always be controlled and fully accounted for after the data have been collected. 
C)  When hidden variables exist, they can either be directly or indirectly associated with the target variable. 
D)  All of the above are true. 
A)  Hidden variables can be the true cause of an outcome 
B)  The effects of hidden variables can always be controlled and fully accounted for after the data have been collected. 
C)  When hidden variables exist, they can either be directly or indirectly associated with the target variable. 
D)  All of the above are true.

Question 9

Is a person's degree of extraversion a predictor of romantic partners? Below are normed data on individuals' degree of extraversion and the number of partners they've had.
 $$\begin{array} { c c } 
\hline \text { Extraversion } & \text { Partners } \
\hline 1.2 & 4 \
1.1 & 3 \
- 0.4 & 2 \
0.5 & 6 \
0.2 & 5 \
0.1 & 3 \
0 & 1 \
- 0.8 & 7 \
- 0.2 & 5 \
- 0.1 & 4 \
- 0.4 & 2 \
0.6 & 8 \
0.2 & 6 \
- 0.1 & 3 \
0.8 & 4 \
- 1 & 5 \
0.9 & 1 \
\hline
\end{array}$$ What is the correlation?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Is a person's degree of extraversion a...

Question 10

Does money buy happiness? A research collected data on how much individuals spent for the holidays, and how satisfied they were with their holiday season, overall. Below are the data:
 $$\begin{array} { c c } 
\hline\text { Dollars } & \text { Satisfaction } \
\hline 100 & 4 \
140 & 7 \
130 & 3 \
190 & 4 \
120 & 7 \
100 & 4 \
150 & 8 \
140 & 2 \
160 & 9 \
180 & 10 \
70 & 5 \
120 & 7 \
90 & 2 \
70 & 4 \
\hline
\end{array}$$ calculate the correlation

Accepted Answer

The answer of Does money buy happiness? A research collected...

Question 11

Correlation might not mean causation, but if data is analyzed by an ANOVA or t-test, a significant result is a causal relationship.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

Which of the following indicates the weakest correlation?

Accepted Answer

A)  0.11 
B)  -.28 
C)  -.97 
D)  .50 
A)  0.11 
B)  -.28 
C)  -.97 
D)  .50

Question 13

In a regression equation, a stronger equation between the two variables would lead to more horizontal regression line.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

Is a person's degree of extraversion a predictor of romantic partners? Below are normed data on individuals' degree of extraversion and the number of partners they've had.
 $$\begin{array} { c c } 
\hline \text { Extraversion } & \text { Partners } \
\hline 1.2 & 4 \
1.1 & 3 \
- 0.4 & 2 \
0.5 & 6 \
0.2 & 5 \
0.1 & 3 \
0 & 1 \
- 0.8 & 7 \
- 0.2 & 5 \
- 0.1 & 4 \
- 0.4 & 2 \
0.6 & 8 \
0.2 & 6 \
- 0.1 & 3 \
0.8 & 4 \
- 1 & 5 \
0.9 & 1 \
\hline
\end{array}$$ Is the correlation statistically significant at alpha = .05?

Accepted Answer

No, the co

Question 15

Which of the following demonstrates truncated range?

Accepted Answer

A)  A researcher who is interested in IQ but only being able to recruit college students from elite private schools. 
B)  A researcher interested in personality, and collects data from the full range of socioeconomic status. 
C)  A researcher who is interested in the development of working memory across childhood during elementary, and recruits a large sample of 2nd graders. 
D)  a and c only. 
A)  A researcher who is interested in IQ but only being able to recruit college students from elite private schools. 
B)  A researcher interested in personality, and collects data from the full range of socioeconomic status. 
C)  A researcher who is interested in the development of working memory across childhood during elementary, and recruits a large sample of 2nd graders. 
D)  a and c only.

Question 16

Do high school grades predict college academic success? Below are data collected from some recent college graduates.
 $$\begin{array} { c c } 
\hline \text { high school GPA } & \begin{array} { c } 
\text { College } \
\text { GPA }
\end{array} \
\hline 3.4 & 3.2 \
2.8 & 3.6 \
2.9 & 3.1 \
3.1 & 3.4 \
3.6 & 3.6 \
3.8 & 3.5 \
3.4 & 2.9 \
3.6 & 3.3 \
3.3 & 3.8 \
3.3 & 3.5 \
3.1 & 3 \
3 & 3.1 \
3.6 & 3.7 \
3.7 & 3.9 \
2.6 & 3.1 \
2.2 & 3.2 \
2.8 & 2.7 \
3.1 & 3.5 \
3 & 3 \
\hline
\end{array}$$ How many degrees of freedom are there?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Do high school grades predict college academic...

Question 17

In a correlational dataset, if the coefficient of determination is positive, then…

Accepted Answer

A)  The correlation from which the coefficient of determination was calculated is always positive 
B)  The correlation from which the coefficient of determination was calculated is always negative 
C)  There is insufficient information to know whether the correlation is positive or negative 
D)  The correlation from which the coefficient of determination was calculated can be positive or negative. 
A)  The correlation from which the coefficient of determination was calculated is always positive 
B)  The correlation from which the coefficient of determination was calculated is always negative 
C)  There is insufficient information to know whether the correlation is positive or negative 
D)  The correlation from which the coefficient of determination was calculated can be positive or negative.

Question 18

Truncated range is best described as when…

Accepted Answer

A)  the population's variability is smaller than that of the sample's. 
B)  the sample's variability is smaller than that of the population's. 
C)  the sample's range is limited because the population is skeweed 
D)  the correlation coefficient overestimates the true population value. 
A)  the population's variability is smaller than that of the sample's. 
B)  the sample's variability is smaller than that of the population's. 
C)  the sample's range is limited because the population is skeweed 
D)  the correlation coefficient overestimates the true population value.

Question 19

How many possible correlation coefficients could result in a coefficient of determination of exactly .49?

Accepted Answer

A)  1 
B)  2 
C)  3 
D)  4 
A)  1 
B)  2 
C)  3 
D)  4

Question 20

What is the phenomenon: Regression to the mean?

Accepted Answer

This is a phenomenon coined by

The correlation coefficient is a statistic that measures the degree of _________________ between two variables.

Correlations measures dependence between two variables

In regression, the y-variable is often the predicted variable. The x-variable is used to predict the y-variable.

Even though researchers use regressions to predict outcomes, this does not mean that there is a(n) _____________.

Based on Galton's work, which of the following types of graphs would you expect to be most useful to plot a correlation between two variables?

Which of the following is false of possible hidden variables in correlations?

Correlation might not mean causation, but if data is analyzed by an ANOVA or t-test, a significant result is a causal relationship.

Which of the following indicates the weakest correlation?

In a regression equation, a stronger equation between the two variables would lead to more horizontal regression line.

Which of the following demonstrates truncated range?

In a correlational dataset, if the coefficient of determination is positive, then…

Truncated range is best described as when…

How many possible correlation coefficients could result in a coefficient of determination of exactly .49?

What is the phenomenon: Regression to the mean?

Introduction: Statistics--Who Needs Them

Types of Data

A Picture Is Worth a Thousand Words: Creating and Interpreting Graphics

Measures of Central Tendency: Whats so Average About the Mean

Variability: the Law of Life

Where Am I Normal Distributions and Standard Scores

Basic Probability Theory

The Central Limit Theorem and Hypothesis Testing

The Z-Test

The T-Test

Analysis of Variance

Confidence Intervals and Effect Size: Building a Better Mousetrap

The Chi-Square Test

Non-Parametric Tests

Which Test Should I Use and Why

Filters

Exam 13: Correlation and Regression: Are We Related

The correlation coefficient is a statistic that measures the degree of _________________ between two variables.

Correlations measures dependence between two variables

In regression, the y-variable is often the predicted variable. The x-variable is used to predict the y-variable.

Even though researchers use regressions to predict outcomes, this does not mean that there is a(n) _____________.

Based on Galton's work, which of the following types of graphs would you expect to be most useful to plot a correlation between two variables?

Which of the following is false of possible hidden variables in correlations?

Correlation might not mean causation, but if data is analyzed by an ANOVA or t-test, a significant result is a causal relationship.

Which of the following indicates the weakest correlation?

In a regression equation, a stronger equation between the two variables would lead to more horizontal regression line.

Which of the following demonstrates truncated range?

In a correlational dataset, if the coefficient of determination is positive, then…

Truncated range is best described as when…

How many possible correlation coefficients could result in a coefficient of determination of exactly .49?

What is the phenomenon: Regression to the mean?

Introduction: Statistics--Who Needs Them

Types of Data

A Picture Is Worth a Thousand Words: Creating and Interpreting Graphics

Measures of Central Tendency: Whats so Average About the Mean

Variability: the Law of Life

Where Am I Normal Distributions and Standard Scores

Basic Probability Theory

The Central Limit Theorem and Hypothesis Testing

The Z-Test

The T-Test

Analysis of Variance

Confidence Intervals and Effect Size: Building a Better Mousetrap

The Chi-Square Test

Non-Parametric Tests

Which Test Should I Use and Why

Filters