Question 1

The so-called adjustment phase is usually reached about how many years after divorce?

Accepted Answer

A)  5 
B)  2 
C)  1 
D)  3 
E)  7 
A)  5 
B)  2 
C)  1 
D)  3 
E)  7 B

Question 2

Which of Bowlby's hypotheses is most associated with the specific postulation that infants form only one strong attachment?

Accepted Answer

A)  Privation 
B)  Critical periodicity 
C)  Maternal deprivation 
D)  Singularity 
E)  Monotropy 
A)  Privation 
B)  Critical periodicity 
C)  Maternal deprivation 
D)  Singularity 
E)  Monotropy E

Question 3

Which symptoms were found by Mackes et al. (2020) in the 20-year follow- up of the Romanian refugees?

Accepted Answer

A)  Lower IQ scores and ADHD symptoms 
B)  Reactive attachment disorder and ADHD symptoms 
C)  Physical stunting and lower IQ scores 
D)  Reactive attachment disorder and physical stunting 
E)  ADHD symptoms and physical stunting 
A)  Lower IQ scores and ADHD symptoms 
B)  Reactive attachment disorder and ADHD symptoms 
C)  Physical stunting and lower IQ scores 
D)  Reactive attachment disorder and physical stunting 
E)  ADHD symptoms and physical stunting A

Question 4

The major advance made by Fraley and Spieker (2003) came in their suggestion that it was possible to account for individual differences in attachment by using:

Accepted Answer

A)  Self-report 
B)  Categories 
C)  Genotyping 
D)  Dimensions 
E)  Neuroimaging 
A)  Self-report 
B)  Categories 
C)  Genotyping 
D)  Dimensions 
E)  Neuroimaging

Question 5

Out of the 44 infants that were studied by Weston and Main (1981), what percentage were securely attached to BOTH parents?

Accepted Answer

A)  22 
B)  40 
C)  30 
D)  25 
E)  5 
A)  22 
B)  40 
C)  30 
D)  25 
E)  5

Question 6

What percentage of children spend over 40 hours per week in non-parent care in the United States according to the text?

Accepted Answer

A)  0.5 
B)  0.6 
C)  0.3 
D)  0.2 
E)  0.8 
A)  0.5 
B)  0.6 
C)  0.3 
D)  0.2 
E)  0.8

Question 7

Erel et al.'s (2000) review of studies on the effects of day care found that day care had a significant effect on which of the following measures of child development?

Accepted Answer

A)  None of these 
B)  Cognitive development 
C)  Attachment behaviours 
D)  Mother-child interaction 
E)  Adjustment 
A)  None of these 
B)  Cognitive development 
C)  Attachment behaviours 
D)  Mother-child interaction 
E)  Adjustment

Question 8

Lansford (2009) focused on which factor as a predictor of the negative effects of divorce on children?

Accepted Answer

A)  Receptive vocabulary size 
B)  The amount of television consumed per day 
C)  The number of married neighbours 
D)  Their age at the time of the divorce 
E)  Tendency to play violent video games 
A)  Receptive vocabulary size 
B)  The amount of television consumed per day 
C)  The number of married neighbours 
D)  Their age at the time of the divorce 
E)  Tendency to play violent video games

Question 9

Ainsworth and Bell (1970) developed which test to assess attachment types in infants?

Accepted Answer

A)  Strange Situation 
B)  Visual cliff 
C)  Sally-Anne 
D)  Three mountains 
E)  Mother-daughter developmental inventory (MDDI) 
A)  Strange Situation 
B)  Visual cliff 
C)  Sally-Anne 
D)  Three mountains 
E)  Mother-daughter developmental inventory (MDDI)

Question 10

According to Bowlby, which age represents the upper limit of the period in which infants must form a strong attachment if their later development is to be satisfactory?

Accepted Answer

A)  7 years 
B)  5 years 
C)  3 years 
D)  3 months 
E)  1 month 
A)  7 years 
B)  5 years 
C)  3 years 
D)  3 months 
E)  1 month

Question 11

According Harrison and Ungerer (2002) there is still some suggestion that extensive day care for infants in the first year of life can have adverse effects, especially if:

Accepted Answer

A)  The care occurs outside of the child's home 
B)  Grandparents or other relatives care for the child 
C)  The other children in care are of the same race 
D)  The other children in care are of the same gender 
E)  The mother is reluctant to go out to work 
A)  The care occurs outside of the child's home 
B)  Grandparents or other relatives care for the child 
C)  The other children in care are of the same race 
D)  The other children in care are of the same gender 
E)  The mother is reluctant to go out to work

Question 12

Which of the following possible positive associations with heightened security of infant attachment is NOT supported by evidence discussed in the text?

Accepted Answer

A)  Maternal positive attitude towards her baby 
B)  Maternal sensitivity 
C)  Maternal stimulation of her infant 
D)  Maternal anxiety 
E)  Paternal sensitivity 
A)  Maternal positive attitude towards her baby 
B)  Maternal sensitivity 
C)  Maternal stimulation of her infant 
D)  Maternal anxiety 
E)  Paternal sensitivity

Question 13

According to Ainsworth and Bell's terminology, which attachment style would be associated with an infant who doesn't seek contact with the mother and shows little distress when separated from her?

Accepted Answer

A)  Avoidant 
B)  Resistant 
C)  Secure 
D)  Reluctant 
E)  Disorganised 
A)  Avoidant 
B)  Resistant 
C)  Secure 
D)  Reluctant 
E)  Disorganised

Question 14

Hetherington and Kelly (2002) reported that the percentage of children with divorced parents who had serious long-term social, emotional, or psychological problems was approximately:

Accepted Answer

A)  10 
B)  15 
C)  25 
D)  50 
E)  75 
A)  10 
B)  15 
C)  25 
D)  50 
E)  75

Question 15

On what grounds did Rutter (1981) criticise Bowlby's theory?

Accepted Answer

A)  Researcher bias 
B)  Does not consider different developmental experiences 
C)  Sample size 
D)  Lack of evidence 
E)  Difficult to assess deprivation 
A)  Researcher bias 
B)  Does not consider different developmental experiences 
C)  Sample size 
D)  Lack of evidence 
E)  Difficult to assess deprivation

Question 16

In the research by Sagi et al. (1991), infants from which nation were least likely to be securely attached but most likely to be anxious and avoidant?

Accepted Answer

A)  Japan 
B)  Germany 
C)  Israel 
D)  United States 
E)  Spain 
A)  Japan 
B)  Germany 
C)  Israel 
D)  United States 
E)  Spain

Question 17

According to Bowlby's (1951) claim, negative effects of maternal deprivation were permanent or irreversible in approximately what percentage of children?

Accepted Answer

A)  0 
B)  5 
C)  25 
D)  50 
E)  75 
A)  0 
B)  5 
C)  25 
D)  50 
E)  75

Question 18

Which of these criticisms was NOT made of the maternal sensitivity hypothesis?

Accepted Answer

A)  Exaggerates the mother's role 
B)  Ignores paternal sensitivity 
C)  Maternal stimulation was ignored 
D)  Maternal attitude was ignored 
E)  Researcher bias may have exaggerated the effect 
A)  Exaggerates the mother's role 
B)  Ignores paternal sensitivity 
C)  Maternal stimulation was ignored 
D)  Maternal attitude was ignored 
E)  Researcher bias may have exaggerated the effect

Question 19

Approximately 10% of American infants can be classified as exhibiting which attachment style, according to Ainsworth and Bell (1970)?

Accepted Answer

A)  Reluctant 
B)  Secure 
C)  Resistant 
D)  Disorganised 
E)  Avoidant 
A)  Reluctant 
B)  Secure 
C)  Resistant 
D)  Disorganised 
E)  Avoidant

Question 20

According to Huston et al (2015) the effects of extensive day care on children's negative behaviour are:

Accepted Answer

A)  Depression and anxiety 
B)  Slight increases in aggression and reduced self-control 
C)  insecure attachment and reduced sociability 
D)  Sensitivity and attention seeking 
E)  Verbal aggression and tantrums 
A)  Depression and anxiety 
B)  Slight increases in aggression and reduced self-control 
C)  insecure attachment and reduced sociability 
D)  Sensitivity and attention seeking 
E)  Verbal aggression and tantrums

Exam 12: Attachment and Deprivation

The so-called adjustment phase is usually reached about how many years after divorce?

Which of Bowlby's hypotheses is most associated with the specific postulation that infants form only one strong attachment?

Which symptoms were found by Mackes et al. (2020) in the 20-year follow- up of the Romanian refugees?

The major advance made by Fraley and Spieker (2003) came in their suggestion that it was possible to account for individual differences in attachment by using:

Out of the 44 infants that were studied by Weston and Main (1981), what percentage were securely attached to BOTH parents?

What percentage of children spend over 40 hours per week in non-parent care in the United States according to the text?

Erel et al.'s (2000) review of studies on the effects of day care found that day care had a significant effect on which of the following measures of child development?

Lansford (2009) focused on which factor as a predictor of the negative effects of divorce on children?

Ainsworth and Bell (1970) developed which test to assess attachment types in infants?

According to Bowlby, which age represents the upper limit of the period in which infants must form a strong attachment if their later development is to be satisfactory?

According Harrison and Ungerer (2002) there is still some suggestion that extensive day care for infants in the first year of life can have adverse effects, especially if:

Which of the following possible positive associations with heightened security of infant attachment is NOT supported by evidence discussed in the text?

According to Ainsworth and Bell's terminology, which attachment style would be associated with an infant who doesn't seek contact with the mother and shows little distress when separated from her?

Hetherington and Kelly (2002) reported that the percentage of children with divorced parents who had serious long-term social, emotional, or psychological problems was approximately:

On what grounds did Rutter (1981) criticise Bowlby's theory?

In the research by Sagi et al. (1991), infants from which nation were least likely to be securely attached but most likely to be anxious and avoidant?

According to Bowlby's (1951) claim, negative effects of maternal deprivation were permanent or irreversible in approximately what percentage of children?

Which of these criticisms was NOT made of the maternal sensitivity hypothesis?

Approximately 10% of American infants can be classified as exhibiting which attachment style, according to Ainsworth and Bell (1970)?

According to Huston et al (2015) the effects of extensive day care on children's negative behaviour are:

Introduction

History of Psychology

Methods of Investigation

Biological Bases of Behaviour

Stress

Emotion

Aggression

Cognitive Development

Language Development

Moral Development

Sex and Gender

Prejudice and Discrimination

Prosocial Behaviour

Social Influence

Social Perception and Attraction

Intelligence

Personality

Self-Concept

Abnormal Psychology: Therapeutic Approaches

Visual Perception

Memory

Problem Solving, Expertise, and Creativity

Effective Studying and Learning

Filters