Question 1

According to Nowak (2006) which of the following mechanisms might be unique to humans?

Accepted Answer

A)  Direct reciprocity 
B)  Indirect reciprocity 
C)  Kin selection 
D)  Sexual selection 
A)  Direct reciprocity 
B)  Indirect reciprocity 
C)  Kin selection 
D)  Sexual selection B

Question 2

Which of the following statements about the Trust Game is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  It contains two players, a proposer and a responder. 
B)  It contains two players, an investor and a trustee. 
C)  It can only be played as a single round game (i.e. no chance of reciprocity) 
D)  The game is an analogy for taxation. 
A)  It contains two players, a proposer and a responder. 
B)  It contains two players, an investor and a trustee. 
C)  It can only be played as a single round game (i.e. no chance of reciprocity) 
D)  The game is an analogy for taxation. B

Question 3

Which study introduced the Ultimatum Game?

Accepted Answer

A)  Guth et al. (1992) 
B)  Axelrod & Hamilton (1981) 
C)  Fishbacher et al. (2001) 
D)  Berg et al. (1995) 
A)  Guth et al. (1992) 
B)  Axelrod & Hamilton (1981) 
C)  Fishbacher et al. (2001) 
D)  Berg et al. (1995) A

Question 4

What is the Nash Equilibrium for the proposer in a non-iterative version of the Ultimatum Game?

Accepted Answer

A)  Proposer splits the pot 50/50 
B)  Proposer gives as much as possible 
C)  Proposer gives as little as possible 
D)  Proposer plays tit-for-tat 
A)  Proposer splits the pot 50/50 
B)  Proposer gives as much as possible 
C)  Proposer gives as little as possible 
D)  Proposer plays tit-for-tat

Question 5

What was a central finding of the fMRI study of charity donation of Moll et al. (2006)?

Accepted Answer

A)  Choosing to donate to a charity activates some of the same reward pathways as receiving money. 
B)  Choosing to donate to a charity activates the 'pain matrix' of the brain. 
C)  Choosing to donate to a charity activates the right temporo-parietal junction. 
D)  Choosing to donate to a charity activates 'cognitive' but not 'emotional' regions of the brain. 
A)  Choosing to donate to a charity activates some of the same reward pathways as receiving money. 
B)  Choosing to donate to a charity activates the 'pain matrix' of the brain. 
C)  Choosing to donate to a charity activates the right temporo-parietal junction. 
D)  Choosing to donate to a charity activates 'cognitive' but not 'emotional' regions of the brain.

Question 6

TMS over the right dorso-lateral prefrontal cortex was found by Knoch et al. (2006) to disrupt performance in the Ultimatum Game. What specifically was found?

Accepted Answer

A)  More unfair offers were accepted, and were rated as being more fair. 
B)  Less unfair offers were accepted, but ratings of fairness were unaffected. 
C)  More unfair offers were accepted, but ratings of fairness were unaffected. 
D)  Less unfair offers were accepted, and were rated as being less fair. 
A)  More unfair offers were accepted, and were rated as being more fair. 
B)  Less unfair offers were accepted, but ratings of fairness were unaffected. 
C)  More unfair offers were accepted, but ratings of fairness were unaffected. 
D)  Less unfair offers were accepted, and were rated as being less fair.

Question 7

What is 'game theory'?

Accepted Answer

A)  A type of mathematical model that captures how an individual's success at making a decision is influenced by the decision of others 
B)  A theory about why social interactions are rewarding 
C)  An evolutionary account of the origins of altruism 
D)  A theory about the role of empathy in decision making 
A)  A type of mathematical model that captures how an individual's success at making a decision is influenced by the decision of others 
B)  A theory about why social interactions are rewarding 
C)  An evolutionary account of the origins of altruism 
D)  A theory about the role of empathy in decision making

Question 8

In the fMRI study of Rilling et al. (2002) which condition was associated with greatest activity in the nucleus accumberns?

Accepted Answer

A)  You cooperate, opponent defects 
B)  Mutual defection 
C)  Mutual cooperation 
D)  You defect, opponent cooperates 
A)  You cooperate, opponent defects 
B)  Mutual defection 
C)  Mutual cooperation 
D)  You defect, opponent cooperates

Question 9

Helping behaviour in which no personal gain is obtained is normally referred to as what?

Accepted Answer

A)  Egotism 
B)  Altruism 
C)  Machismo 
D)  Socialism 
A)  Egotism 
B)  Altruism 
C)  Machismo 
D)  Socialism

Question 10

Which of these statements about the sexual selection theory of altruism is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  There are no costs associated with being an altruist. 
B)  Reciprocity is a key component of this theory. 
C)  It depends on the assumption that generosity is an attractive trait. 
D)  There are no benefits associated with being an altruist. 
A)  There are no costs associated with being an altruist. 
B)  Reciprocity is a key component of this theory. 
C)  It depends on the assumption that generosity is an attractive trait. 
D)  There are no benefits associated with being an altruist.

Question 11

For which of these theories of altruism is the concept of 'reputation' crucially important?

Accepted Answer

A)  Direct reciprocity and indirect reciprocity 
B)  Indirect reciprocity and sexual selection 
C)  Direct reciprocity and sexual selection 
D)  Kin selection alone 
A)  Direct reciprocity and indirect reciprocity 
B)  Indirect reciprocity and sexual selection 
C)  Direct reciprocity and sexual selection 
D)  Kin selection alone

Question 12

In an fMRI study of the Prisoner's Dilemma, Rilling et al. (2008) compared unreciprocated cooperation (you cooperate, opponent defects) relative to mutual cooperation. What did they find?

Accepted Answer

A)  Unreciprocated cooperation (relative to mutual cooperation) activates the ventral striatum. 
B)  Mutual cooperation (relative to unreciprocated cooperation) activates the amygdala and insula. 
C)  Unreciprocated cooperation (relative to mutual cooperation) activates the amygdala and insula. 
D)  Mutual cooperation (relative to unreciprocated cooperation) activates the ventral striatum. 
A)  Unreciprocated cooperation (relative to mutual cooperation) activates the ventral striatum. 
B)  Mutual cooperation (relative to unreciprocated cooperation) activates the amygdala and insula. 
C)  Unreciprocated cooperation (relative to mutual cooperation) activates the amygdala and insula. 
D)  Mutual cooperation (relative to unreciprocated cooperation) activates the ventral striatum.

Question 13

Who created a computer simulation for the evolution of cooperation?

Accepted Answer

A)  Dawkins (1976) 
B)  Axelrod & Hamilton (1981) 
C)  Fishbacher et al. (2001) 
D)  Berg et al. (1995) 
A)  Dawkins (1976) 
B)  Axelrod & Hamilton (1981) 
C)  Fishbacher et al. (2001) 
D)  Berg et al. (1995)

Question 14

Which of the following games normally involves more than two players at the same time?

Accepted Answer

A)  Trust Game 
B)  Ultimatum game 
C)  Prisoner's Dilemma 
D)  Public Goods Game 
A)  Trust Game 
B)  Ultimatum game 
C)  Prisoner's Dilemma 
D)  Public Goods Game

Question 15

What did the hyper-fMRI study of the Trust Game by King-Casas et al. (2005) find?

Accepted Answer

A)  As trust between the two players develops, then the activity in the striatum shifts from being based on outcomes to being based on expectations. 
B)  As trust between the two players develops, then the activity in the striatum shifts from being based on expectations to being based on outcomes. 
C)  The extent to which the participants learned to trust the other player depended on their known reputations for generosity. 
D)  The extent to which the participants learned to trust the other player depended on the resting level of activity in the striatum. 
A)  As trust between the two players develops, then the activity in the striatum shifts from being based on outcomes to being based on expectations. 
B)  As trust between the two players develops, then the activity in the striatum shifts from being based on expectations to being based on outcomes. 
C)  The extent to which the participants learned to trust the other player depended on their known reputations for generosity. 
D)  The extent to which the participants learned to trust the other player depended on the resting level of activity in the striatum.

Question 16

Which study introduced the Trust Game?

Accepted Answer

A)  Guth et al. (1992) 
B)  Berg et al. (1995) 
C)  Axelrod & Hamilton (1981) 
D)  Fishbacher et al. (2001) 
A)  Guth et al. (1992) 
B)  Berg et al. (1995) 
C)  Axelrod & Hamilton (1981) 
D)  Fishbacher et al. (2001)

Question 17

Players on the non-iterative Ultimatum Game often reject low offers (thereby obtaining nothing) What is the standard explanation for this?

Accepted Answer

A)  People act according to self-interest. 
B)  People are poor at logical reasoning. 
C)  It punishes the opponent for unfairness. 
D)  There is activation in the anterior cingulate cortex. 
A)  People act according to self-interest. 
B)  People are poor at logical reasoning. 
C)  It punishes the opponent for unfairness. 
D)  There is activation in the anterior cingulate cortex.

Question 18

According to Fischbacher et al. (2001), what percentage of people will freeload in the Public Goods Game?

Accepted Answer

A)  0.2 
B)  0.3 
C)  0.4 
D)  0.5 
A)  0.2 
B)  0.3 
C)  0.4 
D)  0.5

Question 19

In an fMRI study of the Prisoner's Dilemma, Rilling et al. (2002) compared playing a human opponent versus computer opponent. What did they find?

Accepted Answer

A)  Activity in the striatum is more dependent on the opponent than the monetary reward. 
B)  Activity in the striatum reflects monetary reward irrespective of the opponent. 
C)  Activity in the amygdala is more dependent on the opponent than the monetary reward. 
D)  Activity in the amygdala reflects monetary reward irrespective of the opponent. 
A)  Activity in the striatum is more dependent on the opponent than the monetary reward. 
B)  Activity in the striatum reflects monetary reward irrespective of the opponent. 
C)  Activity in the amygdala is more dependent on the opponent than the monetary reward. 
D)  Activity in the amygdala reflects monetary reward irrespective of the opponent.

Question 20

What did the fMRI study of the Trust Game by Delgado et al. (2005) find?

Accepted Answer

A)  The striatum was only activated when interacting with a player with neutral/unknown reputation but not those with a known reputation (good or bad) 
B)  As trust between the two players develops, then the activity in the striatum shifts from being based on outcomes to being based on expectations. 
C)  As trust between the two players develops, then the activity in the striatum shifts from being based onexpectations to being based on outcomes. 
D)  The extent to which the participants learned to trust the other player depended on the resting level of activity in the striatum. 
A)  The striatum was only activated when interacting with a player with neutral/unknown reputation but not those with a known reputation (good or bad) 
B)  As trust between the two players develops, then the activity in the striatum shifts from being based on outcomes to being based on expectations. 
C)  As trust between the two players develops, then the activity in the striatum shifts from being based onexpectations to being based on outcomes. 
D)  The extent to which the participants learned to trust the other player depended on the resting level of activity in the striatum.

According to Nowak (2006) which of the following mechanisms might be unique to humans?

Which of the following statements about the Trust Game is true?

Which study introduced the Ultimatum Game?

What is the Nash Equilibrium for the proposer in a non-iterative version of the Ultimatum Game?

What was a central finding of the fMRI study of charity donation of Moll et al. (2006)?

TMS over the right dorso-lateral prefrontal cortex was found by Knoch et al. (2006) to disrupt performance in the Ultimatum Game. What specifically was found?

What is 'game theory'?

In the fMRI study of Rilling et al. (2002) which condition was associated with greatest activity in the nucleus accumberns?

Helping behaviour in which no personal gain is obtained is normally referred to as what?

Which of these statements about the sexual selection theory of altruism is true?

For which of these theories of altruism is the concept of 'reputation' crucially important?

In an fMRI study of the Prisoner's Dilemma, Rilling et al. (2008) compared unreciprocated cooperation (you cooperate, opponent defects) relative to mutual cooperation. What did they find?

Who created a computer simulation for the evolution of cooperation?

Which of the following games normally involves more than two players at the same time?

What did the hyper-fMRI study of the Trust Game by King-Casas et al. (2005) find?

Which study introduced the Trust Game?

Players on the non-iterative Ultimatum Game often reject low offers (thereby obtaining nothing) What is the standard explanation for this?

According to Fischbacher et al. (2001), what percentage of people will freeload in the Public Goods Game?

In an fMRI study of the Prisoner's Dilemma, Rilling et al. (2002) compared playing a human opponent versus computer opponent. What did they find?

What did the fMRI study of the Trust Game by Delgado et al. (2005) find?

Introduction to Social Neuroscience

The Methods of Social Neuroscience

Evolutionary Origins of Social Intelligence and Culture

Emotion and Motivation

Reading Faces and Bodies

Understanding Others

Relationships

Groups and Identity

Morality and Anti-Social Behaviour

Developmental Social Neuroscience

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Exam 7: Interacting With Others

According to Nowak (2006) which of the following mechanisms might be unique to humans?

Which of the following statements about the Trust Game is true?

Which study introduced the Ultimatum Game?

What is the Nash Equilibrium for the proposer in a non-iterative version of the Ultimatum Game?

What was a central finding of the fMRI study of charity donation of Moll et al. (2006)?

TMS over the right dorso-lateral prefrontal cortex was found by Knoch et al. (2006) to disrupt performance in the Ultimatum Game. What specifically was found?

What is 'game theory'?

In the fMRI study of Rilling et al. (2002) which condition was associated with greatest activity in the nucleus accumberns?

Helping behaviour in which no personal gain is obtained is normally referred to as what?

Which of these statements about the sexual selection theory of altruism is true?

For which of these theories of altruism is the concept of 'reputation' crucially important?

In an fMRI study of the Prisoner's Dilemma, Rilling et al. (2008) compared unreciprocated cooperation (you cooperate, opponent defects) relative to mutual cooperation. What did they find?

Who created a computer simulation for the evolution of cooperation?

Which of the following games normally involves more than two players at the same time?

What did the hyper-fMRI study of the Trust Game by King-Casas et al. (2005) find?

Which study introduced the Trust Game?

Players on the non-iterative Ultimatum Game often reject low offers (thereby obtaining nothing) What is the standard explanation for this?

According to Fischbacher et al. (2001), what percentage of people will freeload in the Public Goods Game?

In an fMRI study of the Prisoner's Dilemma, Rilling et al. (2002) compared playing a human opponent versus computer opponent. What did they find?

What did the fMRI study of the Trust Game by Delgado et al. (2005) find?

Introduction to Social Neuroscience

The Methods of Social Neuroscience

Evolutionary Origins of Social Intelligence and Culture

Emotion and Motivation

Reading Faces and Bodies

Understanding Others

Relationships

Groups and Identity

Morality and Anti-Social Behaviour

Developmental Social Neuroscience

Filters