Exam 4: Classifying Research

A psychologist who recently treated a correctional officer for a stress-related illness concludes that "most correctional officers experience debilitating stress associated with their jobs." Which type of logical error did the psychologist commit?

If body weight increases after a sustained increase in calorie intake, then the correlation between body weight and calorie intake is:

The time dimension of a survey given to college freshmen every year for ten years is:

A researcher who theorizes that Southerners are more violent and then collects data to test this theory is using what type of reasoning?

After completing research on crimes committed by girls, a researcher concludes that "when girls commit crimes, they do not consider their behavior criminal. Instead, they consider their behavior a normal response to social inequality." What research paradigm is this researcher following?

A criminal justice professor does a lot of research on the effect of poverty on juvenile delinquency. She hopes to use her research findings to provide information on how to structure poverty reduction programs. What research paradigm is this researcher following?

A line graph that slants higher from left to right is representative of:

Spuriousness means:

A researcher conducts interviews with police officers to study how they cope with the everyday stresses associated with their jobs. What is the researcher's unit of analysis?

If the statement, ""A lack of education is a cause of crime,"" is true then, which variable must have happened first?

If crime decreases following an increase in police patrols, then the correlation between crime and police patrols is:

To evaluate the effect of a drug prevention program delivered to junior high school students, a researcher will conduct follow up surveys of the students each year until 12th grade. What is the time dimension of this research project?

When a researcher fails to confirm all three causal rules but concludes a causal relationship exists, we call this relationship:

A researcher conducting research to determine if low self-esteem as a cause of crime is best described as a(n):

The time dimension of a survey given to the same cohort of juveniles each year for ten years is:

A researcher theorized that correctional officers become personally detached from inmates as a means of reducing the stress associated with their professional responsibilities. Subsequent observations of correctional officers supported this theory. What method of reasoning is this researcher using?

The time dimension of a one-time survey on public drunkenness is:

A researcher conducts a comparative analysis to determine how the rate of sexual assaults compares between European nations. What is the researcher's unit of analysis?

A researcher will conduct a survey of 100 women who are victims of domestic abuse to determine the circumstances surrounding their decision to call the police for help. What is the time dimension of this research project?

A researcher who notices that Southerners appear to be more aggressive and develops a theory that Southerners are more violent is using what type of reasoning?