Exam 3: Sedition and Censorship

Rules that apply equally in public forums, which do not restrict any particular viewpoints are ____ .

Tara Part is an eighth grader at Anita Reese's Middle School. Although she's only 13, Tara's already politically active as a member of the group, PLAY (Peace Love Answer Youth). In protest of U.S. involvement in Afghanistan and Iraq, she wears a picture of an oil barrel on her shirt. Principal Miss Nomer tells Tara she may no longer wear such an emblem. According to the Supreme Court, Tara will be prohibited from wearing the symbol because students' free expression rights are not protected in school.

Milton Butter was a multi-millionaire who held racist views. When he died a minority group, Brothers Against Multimillionaires (BAM) decided to protest at his funeral home and at his gravesite. They held up signs saying things like "There's a Special Place in Hell for MB!" and "Butter Was Really Bad for Us!" Milton was never an elected official nor did he serve in a public position, so BAM can be prevented from protesting at the funeral and gravesite since only political speech would be allowed at such a time.

Sheila Tack works in Governor Ben Dover's office, but she doesn't really like him. In fact, Tack is pretty outspoken about how much she doesn't like him. She makes it a point to tell visitors to the office that she's worked for better governors, and that there will be an election in another year so maybe she'll get a new boss then. She even goes so far as to wear a button to work that says, "Vote out the Incumbents." As much as Governor Dover hates it, it would be a violation of Tack's First Amendment rights for him to make her stop or lose her job.

The History Department at Whotssamatta U. has a bulletin board outside its offices used to post announcements of interest to students. The department has allowed students to post their own announcements on the board on a space-available basis. History major Renée Sonce wants to post an announcement about an upcoming beer blast party. The History Department chair is a recovering alcoholic and denies Sonce permission to post the beer party notice, despite the fact that there is space on the bulletin board. The administrator's action is justified in this restriction because the university has the right to regulate what is placed on the department bulletin board.

Legal limits on the speech of private employees at work can be directed at what elements below?

Under the First Amendment, governments can apply rules of expression at public forums using ____ .

Supreme Court decision establishing the right of political expression in public spaces like parks is ___ .

Selma Sole is running for student council president at Hipster High School. She's known as a "rebel," and in her campaign speech during a school assembly she tries some humor with sexually suggestive remarks. No indecent words were used, but there was a lot of sexual innuendo about students and faculty. Selma is suspended from school for three days for her speech. According to Supreme Court precedent, the school violated Selma's free expression rights.

Ariel Attak has been an FBI agent for 30 years and is ready to retire. During her tenure with the agency, she met some fascinating characters and believes their stories would make an interesting book. Unfortunately for Ariel, she signed a non-disclosure agreement when the FBI hired her as an agent. She decides to publish their accounts anyway, carefully avoiding information posing any danger to national security or law enforcement. According to Supreme Court precedent, Ariel's book is protected by the First Amendment and is allowed to publish because she is not revealing secrets or classified documents.

A restricted space created in public to confine the movements of protesters, political activists, or other speakers by limiting them to a particular place on public property is a ____ .

Which of the following areas would not qualify as a traditional public forum?

Evan Gellist is a member of a religious group that wants to go door-to-door spreading its message to the town of Heathen Heights. Gellist goes throughout the town knocking on doors to witness. Some of the residents of this town become annoyed with this uninvited visitor ringing their doorbells, so they complain to the city officials. According to precedent, Heathen Heights can pass an ordinance preventing door-to-door canvassing of a community unless the individual first receives a permit from the city.

The "fighting words" doctrine originated in what Supreme Court decision below?

Speech which by its very utterance inflicts injury or tends to incite an immediate breach of the peace was defined by the Supreme Court as ____ .

The Hazelwood case recognized the difference between protecting school expression in terms of___ .

Cross burning is quite literally an inflammatory act that can be both intimidating and provocative. The town of Urbanitas wants to prevent such a hateful expression, so it passes a law prohibiting expression that arouses anger or resentment based on race, color, creed, religion or gender. According to Supreme Court precedent, such an ordinance would be a constitutional means of balancing between free expression rights and the civil rights of those who are bothered by it.

The indecent term on Cohen's jacket in California protesting the draft was deemed constitutionally protected because ____ .

A traditional public forum is public property that _________ .

Rules prohibiting certain types of content or viewpoints from free expression are called ____ .