Question 1

Which of the following is an example of a duty-based moral theory?

Accepted Answer

A)  consequentialism 
B)  natural law theory 
C)  Kantian moral theories 
D)  none of the above 
A)  consequentialism 
B)  natural law theory 
C)  Kantian moral theories 
D)  none of the above C

Question 2

According to Ross, in determining which prima facie duty is the most "stringent" in some particular
Case and thus represents one's all-things-considered duty, one must

Accepted Answer

A)  appeal to a set of fixed rules to calculate which duty will prevail. 
B)  appeal to a moral authority. 
C)  use one's judgment rather than appealing to a fixed set of rules. 
D)  perform a utilitarian calculation. 
A)  appeal to a set of fixed rules to calculate which duty will prevail. 
B)  appeal to a moral authority. 
C)  use one's judgment rather than appealing to a fixed set of rules. 
D)  perform a utilitarian calculation. C

Question 3

According to virtue ethics, an action is right if and only if (and because) it is what a virtuous agent, acting in _________, would not avoid doing in the circumstances under consideration.

Accepted Answer

character

Question 4

Both utilitarianism and perfectionist consequentialism come in act- and rule-based forms.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

Ross proposed that we have a duty of reparation-that is, the prima facie duty-to

Accepted Answer

A)  make amends to others for any past wrongs one has done to them. 
B)  show gratitude toward one's benefactors. 
C)  refrain from harming others. 
D)  improve oneself with respect to one's own virtue and knowledge. 
A)  make amends to others for any past wrongs one has done to them. 
B)  show gratitude toward one's benefactors. 
C)  refrain from harming others. 
D)  improve oneself with respect to one's own virtue and knowledge.

Question 6

Kant refers to the special worth or value of persons a s

Accepted Answer

A)  virtue. 
B)  beauty. 
C)  praiseworthiness. 
D)  dignity. 
A)  virtue. 
B)  beauty. 
C)  praiseworthiness. 
D)  dignity.

Question 7

Virtue ethics makes the concepts of virtue and _________ central in moral theory.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Virtue ethics makes the concepts of virtue...

Question 8

The _________ aim of a moral theory is to discover those underlying features of actions, persons, or other items of moral evaluation that make them right or wrong.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The _________ aim of a moral theory...

Question 9

Which of the following is a feature of consequentialist moral theory?

Accepted Answer

A)  It is a value-based theory. 
B)  It involves the idea of alternative actions open to the agent. 
C)  It is a strongly impartialist moral theory. 
D)  all of the above 
A)  It is a value-based theory. 
B)  It involves the idea of alternative actions open to the agent. 
C)  It is a strongly impartialist moral theory. 
D)  all of the above

Question 10

One way to develop care ethics in a practically useful way is to, like Collins, tie caring for others to their needs.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

In contrast to other moral theories, care ethics emphasizes

Accepted Answer

A)  the importance of attitudes as well as actions. 
B)  the concepts of care and compassion. 
C)  relationships as fundamental to one's identity and as a source of moral obligation. 
D)  all of the above. 
A)  the importance of attitudes as well as actions. 
B)  the concepts of care and compassion. 
C)  relationships as fundamental to one's identity and as a source of moral obligation. 
D)  all of the above.

Question 12

According to rights-based theory, sometimes it is not possible to respect all the fundamental moral rights of others.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

The _________ rule says, "Do unto others as you would have them do unto you."

Accepted Answer

The answer of The _________ rule says, "Do unto others...

Question 14

According to Ross the duty of nonmaleficence is the prima facie duty to ensure that pleasure is distributed according to merit.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

The right to free speech is an example of a positive right.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

A utilitarian who recognizes rights will attempt to explain rights on the basis of utility by claiming that

Accepted Answer

A)  there are no moral rights; there is only utility. 
B)  a moral right is a kind of claim that is justified by the fact that its recognition will not diminish overall welfare. 
C)  a moral right is a kind of claim that is justified by the fact that its recognition will contribute to the maximization of overall welfare. 
D)  all of the above 
A)  there are no moral rights; there is only utility. 
B)  a moral right is a kind of claim that is justified by the fact that its recognition will not diminish overall welfare. 
C)  a moral right is a kind of claim that is justified by the fact that its recognition will contribute to the maximization of overall welfare. 
D)  all of the above

Question 17

Things that are intrinsically _________ are neither intrinsically good nor intrinsically bad.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Things that are intrinsically _________ are neither...

Question 18

The doctrine of double effect requires that certain actions be proportional-that is, that the evil brought about by the action is not out of proportion to the good being aimed at.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

To say that persons are ends in themselves is to say that they have a special worth or value that demands of us that we have a certain positive regard for them.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

Duty-based moral theories include versions of consequentialism and virtue ethics.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Which of the following is an example of a duty-based moral theory?

According to Ross, in determining which prima facie duty is the most "stringent" in some particular Case and thus represents one's all-things-considered duty, one must

According to virtue ethics, an action is right if and only if (and because) it is what a virtuous agent, acting in _________, would not avoid doing in the circumstances under consideration.

Both utilitarianism and perfectionist consequentialism come in act- and rule-based forms.

Ross proposed that we have a duty of reparation-that is, the prima facie duty-to

Kant refers to the special worth or value of persons a s

Virtue ethics makes the concepts of virtue and _________ central in moral theory.

The _________ aim of a moral theory is to discover those underlying features of actions, persons, or other items of moral evaluation that make them right or wrong.

Which of the following is a feature of consequentialist moral theory?

One way to develop care ethics in a practically useful way is to, like Collins, tie caring for others to their needs.

In contrast to other moral theories, care ethics emphasizes

According to rights-based theory, sometimes it is not possible to respect all the fundamental moral rights of others.

The _________ rule says, "Do unto others as you would have them do unto you."

According to Ross the duty of nonmaleficence is the prima facie duty to ensure that pleasure is distributed according to merit.

The right to free speech is an example of a positive right.

A utilitarian who recognizes rights will attempt to explain rights on the basis of utility by claiming that

Things that are intrinsically _________ are neither intrinsically good nor intrinsically bad.

The doctrine of double effect requires that certain actions be proportional-that is, that the evil brought about by the action is not out of proportion to the good being aimed at.

To say that persons are ends in themselves is to say that they have a special worth or value that demands of us that we have a certain positive regard for them.

Duty-based moral theories include versions of consequentialism and virtue ethics.

Moral Theory Selections

Sex

Freedom of Speech

Drugs and Addiction

Sexism and Racism

The Ethics of Immigration

Euthanasia and Physician-Assisted Suicide

Abortion

Cloning and Genetic Enhancement

The Death Penalty

War, Terrorism, and Torture

Global Economic Justice

The Ethical Treatment of Animals

The Environment, Consumption, and Climate Change

Filters

Exam 1: A Moral Theory Primer

Which of the following is an example of a duty-based moral theory?

According to Ross, in determining which prima facie duty is the most "stringent" in some particular Case and thus represents one's all-things-considered duty, one must

According to virtue ethics, an action is right if and only if (and because) it is what a virtuous agent, acting in _________, would not avoid doing in the circumstances under consideration.

Both utilitarianism and perfectionist consequentialism come in act- and rule-based forms.

Ross proposed that we have a duty of reparation-that is, the prima facie duty-to

Kant refers to the special worth or value of persons a s

Virtue ethics makes the concepts of virtue and _________ central in moral theory.

The _________ aim of a moral theory is to discover those underlying features of actions, persons, or other items of moral evaluation that make them right or wrong.

Which of the following is a feature of consequentialist moral theory?

One way to develop care ethics in a practically useful way is to, like Collins, tie caring for others to their needs.

In contrast to other moral theories, care ethics emphasizes

According to rights-based theory, sometimes it is not possible to respect all the fundamental moral rights of others.

The _________ rule says, "Do unto others as you would have them do unto you."

According to Ross the duty of nonmaleficence is the prima facie duty to ensure that pleasure is distributed according to merit.

The right to free speech is an example of a positive right.

A utilitarian who recognizes rights will attempt to explain rights on the basis of utility by claiming that

Things that are intrinsically _________ are neither intrinsically good nor intrinsically bad.

The doctrine of double effect requires that certain actions be proportional-that is, that the evil brought about by the action is not out of proportion to the good being aimed at.

To say that persons are ends in themselves is to say that they have a special worth or value that demands of us that we have a certain positive regard for them.

Duty-based moral theories include versions of consequentialism and virtue ethics.

Moral Theory Selections

Sex

Freedom of Speech

Drugs and Addiction

Sexism and Racism

The Ethics of Immigration

Euthanasia and Physician-Assisted Suicide

Abortion

Cloning and Genetic Enhancement

The Death Penalty

War, Terrorism, and Torture

Global Economic Justice

The Ethical Treatment of Animals

The Environment, Consumption, and Climate Change

Filters