Exam 12: The Global Economy

According to the author, what conditions led to the emergence of dependency theory?

The European drive to enter the world economy of the 1500s led to a frenzied effort to procure what commodity?

The position that the free market and free trade rather than the state are the main mechanisms for ensuring economic growth is associated with which theorist?

In the United States, what form of economic system is taxation?

In 2016, reports appeared in the media detailing the struggles of nail salon workers, who are often immigrants. Many work long hours under difficult conditions in order to meet the demand in the United States for the perfect pedicure. This example closely resembles accounts in your text by showing us what side of the complex global economy?

Why are anthropologists interested in the anticolonial and independence movements? When did the majority occur? Summarize reasons for this. Identify three strategies commonly used to gain independence and explain how external forces often contributed to the quest for independence.

In the past several decades, many companies have made effective use of flexible accumulation-the strategy used by transnational corporations to maximize profits. What is one of the reasons that a company like Walmart has grown in both size and profit?

When you lived at home growing up as a child, you may have received a small allowance-a bit of money on a somewhat regular occasion that you could use as you wished. This typically comes from a parent who is also working at a regular job to support the family. What is this, in anthropological terms?

Critics of modernization suggest that underdevelopment is the result of postcolonialism, and that poor countries today cannot participate in the global economy because it is structured to extract and transfer what to developed nations?

What is one way the U.S. government engaged in a Keynesian intervention following the 2008 financial collapse?

Why is understanding the foraging lifestyle so important to economic anthropologists? When did humans first use this adaptive strategy, and how many humans rely on this practice today? What are the primary locations where it is practiced today? Think specifically of the resources and means of obtaining them, settlement patterns, and division of labor.

How are today's privatization programs, often associated with neoliberalism, an unsurprising result of Adam Smith's perspective on economic growth?

What is the commodity most closely associated with early Chinese trade routes?

What is one of the changes that occurs with the transition to intensive agriculture that reflects a distinctly Marxist perspective?

Why was European colonialism such an important component in the development of the global economic system? Why was Columbus's voyage to the New World tied to the trade network occurring in the Old World? Explain how the discovery of gold and silver in the New World and colonization facilitated Europe's participation in the Old World trade network.

Industrialized agriculture is noted in the text as having yielded dramatic increases in the overall food supply of the planet. At the same time, poverty and starvation have also gotten worse. What is the primary reason for this discrepancy?

Consider the data in Table 12.1 on Energy Consumption. Looking at the table, the United States is behind China for total energy consumption. However, the per capita energy consumption is far higher in the United States than it is for China, and higher still for Canada. What might this suggest as one crucial aspect of how we approach a solution to the global environmental crisis?

The text suggests that "ecological overshoot" is a likely consequence of our current global economy. What exactly does this mean?

Which of these are requirements faced by governments receiving structural adjustment loans under neoliberal economic policies?

The origins of the current global economic system are found in the late 1400s, when China was the world leader in the production and export of goods such as silk. The result of this position created what problem that fostered European exploration of the Americas?