Question 1

"Expectation value" is the calculated value of a wager or investment, taking into
 account not only the value but also the probability of each possible return.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  True

Question 2

What is the formula for the joint occurrence of two dependent events?

Accepted Answer

A) P(a and b) = P(a) × P(b if a) 
B) P(a and b) = P(a) + P(b if a) 
C) P(a or b) = P(a) × P(b if a) 
D) P(a or b) = P(a) + P(b if a) 
A) P(a and b) = P(a) × P(b if a) 
B) P(a and b) = P(a) + P(b if a) 
C) P(a or b) = P(a) × P(b if a) 
D) P(a or b) = P(a) + P(b if a) A

Question 3

Matching:
-The probability of a complex event that consists of nonexclusive alternatives can be computed by changing it into a set of mutually exclusive alternatives, and then
 using the ________ theorem

Accepted Answer

A) addition 
B) product 
C) expectation value 
A) addition 
B) product 
C) expectation value A

Question 4

What is the probability of rolling at least one three on a single roll of three dice?

Accepted Answer

A) 1/6 × 1/6 × 1/6 = 1/216 
B) 1/6 × 1/6 × 1/6 = 1/18 
C) 1/6 +1/6 + 1/6 = 1/2 
D) 1/2 + 2/6 + 3/6 = 5/6 
A) 1/6 × 1/6 × 1/6 = 1/216 
B) 1/6 × 1/6 × 1/6 = 1/18 
C) 1/6 +1/6 + 1/6 = 1/2 
D) 1/2 + 2/6 + 3/6 = 5/6

Question 5

Matching:
-Events are called ________ if the occurrence or nonoccurrence of one has no effect upon the occurrence or nonoccurrence of the other.

Accepted Answer

A) probable 
B) independent 
C) dependent 
A) probable 
B) independent 
C) dependent

Question 6

To figure the probability of either of two mutually exclusive events (A or B) occurring, the probability of B occurring is subtracted from the probability of A occurring.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

Which of the following is an example of the joint occurrence of two independent events?

Accepted Answer

A) drawing the king of clubs from a deck of cards in two draws replacing the first card after the first draw 
B) drawing the king of clubs from a deck of cards in two draws not replacing the first card after the first draw 
C) drawing an ace or a deuce from a deck of cards in two draws not replacing the first card after the first draw 
D) None of the above 
A) drawing the king of clubs from a deck of cards in two draws replacing the first card after the first draw 
B) drawing the king of clubs from a deck of cards in two draws not replacing the first card after the first draw 
C) drawing an ace or a deuce from a deck of cards in two draws not replacing the first card after the first draw 
D) None of the above

Question 8

Matching:
-The two formulas for the calculation of the probability of the joint occurrence of simple events are known as the ________ theorem.

Accepted Answer

A) product 
B) addition 
C) independent 
A) product 
B) addition 
C) independent

Question 9

I would like to know my chances of surviving to see my son's high-school graduation.I need to live another twelve years, of course, and my son has to live that long as well-and he also has to graduate! What formula would I use to calculate my chances?

Accepted Answer

A) the addition theorem for mutually exclusive alternatives 
B) the addition theorem for nonexclusive alternatives 
C) the general product theorem for the joint occurrence of independent events 
D) the general product theorem for the joint occurrence of dependent events 
A) the addition theorem for mutually exclusive alternatives 
B) the addition theorem for nonexclusive alternatives 
C) the general product theorem for the joint occurrence of independent events 
D) the general product theorem for the joint occurrence of dependent events

Question 10

I have two jars of coins.One jar contains fifteen coins (five pennies and ten dimes) and the other contains twenty coins (ten of each).What are my chances of drawing two of the same coin if I take one coin from each jar?

Accepted Answer

A) 1/2 + 15/20 = 125% 
B) 1/6 × 1/3 = 5.5% 
C) 1/2 × 15/20 = 37.5% 
D) 1/6 + 1/3 = 50% 
A) 1/2 + 15/20 = 125% 
B) 1/6 × 1/3 = 5.5% 
C) 1/2 × 15/20 = 37.5% 
D) 1/6 + 1/3 = 50%

Question 11

Matching:
-In the __________ view of probability, we figure the probability of the occurrence of an event by dividing the number of ways in which the event can occur by the total
 number of equipossible outcomes.

Accepted Answer

A) a priori 
B) relative frequency 
C) product 
A) a priori 
B) relative frequency 
C) product

Question 12

Matching:
-To compute the probability of the joint occurrence of two independent events, you ________ their separate probabilities together.

Accepted Answer

A) add 
B) subtract 
C) Multiply 
A) add 
B) subtract 
C) Multiply

Question 13

I have two cars.I need to know the probability of at least one of my cars starting in the morning.To figure this out, I take the probability that each car itself will start, and:

Accepted Answer

A) I add them together. 
B) I multiply them together. 
C) I add them together and subtract from one. 
D) I add them together and subtract the possibility of their joint occurrence. 
A) I add them together. 
B) I multiply them together. 
C) I add them together and subtract from one. 
D) I add them together and subtract the possibility of their joint occurrence.

Question 14

My insurance agent claims that my chances of living to age sixty-five (as a non- smoking female) are 75%.However, another agent, from another agency, told me just last week that my chances are better than 78%.What is the most reasonable explanation for these different figures?

Accepted Answer

A) One agent is giving me false numbers to justify charging a higher rate for life insurance.Both sets of numbers cannot be accurate at the same time. 
B) One agent is using more accurate figures than the other.One set is obviously incorrect. 
C) They are both correct-both are judging probabilities based on the evidence available. 
D) Statistics cannot really tell us anything reliable about what has not happened. 
A) One agent is giving me false numbers to justify charging a higher rate for life insurance.Both sets of numbers cannot be accurate at the same time. 
B) One agent is using more accurate figures than the other.One set is obviously incorrect. 
C) They are both correct-both are judging probabilities based on the evidence available. 
D) Statistics cannot really tell us anything reliable about what has not happened.

Question 15

I take the separate probabilities of at least one of two events (which cannot both happen at once) and add them together.I am trying to figure:

Accepted Answer

A) a joint occurrence 
B) an alternate occurrence of mutually exclusive events 
C) an alternate occurrence of nonexclusive events 
D) the expectation value of the occurrences 
A) a joint occurrence 
B) an alternate occurrence of mutually exclusive events 
C) an alternate occurrence of nonexclusive events 
D) the expectation value of the occurrences

Question 16

Where investments are concerned, safety and productivity are considerations that always:

Accepted Answer

A) serve as indicators of each other 
B) complement each other 
C) get in the way of a rational assessment of an investment 
D) pull in opposite directions 
A) serve as indicators of each other 
B) complement each other 
C) get in the way of a rational assessment of an investment 
D) pull in opposite directions

Question 17

I have $400 to invest.I am considering buying a CD (which will pay 6%), but I also just got a prospectus from a corporation selling bonds, which promises 24%.I don't
 know where to put my money! That is probably because:

Accepted Answer

A) I don't know what the expectation value of the CD is. 
B) I don't know what the expectation value of the bond is. 
C) I don't know the probability of the corporation making good on the bond. 
D) I don't know what the return on the bond is. 
A) I don't know what the expectation value of the CD is. 
B) I don't know what the expectation value of the bond is. 
C) I don't know the probability of the corporation making good on the bond. 
D) I don't know what the return on the bond is.

Question 18

We use the addition theorem to compute the probability of the alternative occur-
 rences of nonexclusive events.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

To figure the probability of getting at least one head on your first two coin tosses,
 figure out how likely it would be not to get any heads at all, and subtract from one.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

Two events are mutually exclusive when the occurrence of one prevents the occur-
 rence of the other thereafter.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

"Expectation value" is the calculated value of a wager or investment, taking into account not only the value but also the probability of each possible return.

What is the formula for the joint occurrence of two dependent events?

Matching: -The probability of a complex event that consists of nonexclusive alternatives can be computed by changing it into a set of mutually exclusive alternatives, and then using the ________ theorem

What is the probability of rolling at least one three on a single roll of three dice?

Matching: -Events are called ________ if the occurrence or nonoccurrence of one has no effect upon the occurrence or nonoccurrence of the other.

To figure the probability of either of two mutually exclusive events (A or B) occurring, the probability of B occurring is subtracted from the probability of A occurring.

Which of the following is an example of the joint occurrence of two independent events?

Matching: -The two formulas for the calculation of the probability of the joint occurrence of simple events are known as the ________ theorem.

I would like to know my chances of surviving to see my son's high-school graduation.I need to live another twelve years, of course, and my son has to live that long as well-and he also has to graduate! What formula would I use to calculate my chances?

I have two jars of coins.One jar contains fifteen coins (five pennies and ten dimes) and the other contains twenty coins (ten of each).What are my chances of drawing two of the same coin if I take one coin from each jar?

Matching: -In the __________ view of probability, we figure the probability of the occurrence of an event by dividing the number of ways in which the event can occur by the total number of equipossible outcomes.

Matching: -To compute the probability of the joint occurrence of two independent events, you ________ their separate probabilities together.

I have two cars.I need to know the probability of at least one of my cars starting in the morning.To figure this out, I take the probability that each car itself will start, and:

My insurance agent claims that my chances of living to age sixty-five (as a non- smoking female) are 75%.However, another agent, from another agency, told me just last week that my chances are better than 78%.What is the most reasonable explanation for these different figures?

I take the separate probabilities of at least one of two events (which cannot both happen at once) and add them together.I am trying to figure:

Where investments are concerned, safety and productivity are considerations that always:

I have $400 to invest.I am considering buying a CD (which will pay 6%), but I also just got a prospectus from a corporation selling bonds, which promises 24%.I don't know where to put my money! That is probably because:

We use the addition theorem to compute the probability of the alternative occur- rences of nonexclusive events.

To figure the probability of getting at least one head on your first two coin tosses, figure out how likely it would be not to get any heads at all, and subtract from one.

Two events are mutually exclusive when the occurrence of one prevents the occur- rence of the other thereafter.

Basic Logical Concepts

Analyzing Arguments

Language and Definitions

Fallacies

Categorical Propositions

Categorical Syllogisms

Syllogisms in Ordinary Language

Propositional Logic I

Propositional Logic II

Predicate Logic

Analogical Reasoning

Causal Reasoning

Science and Hypothesis

Filters

Exam 14: Probability

"Expectation value" is the calculated value of a wager or investment, taking into account not only the value but also the probability of each possible return.

What is the formula for the joint occurrence of two dependent events?

Matching: -The probability of a complex event that consists of nonexclusive alternatives can be computed by changing it into a set of mutually exclusive alternatives, and then using the ________ theorem

What is the probability of rolling at least one three on a single roll of three dice?

Matching: -Events are called ________ if the occurrence or nonoccurrence of one has no effect upon the occurrence or nonoccurrence of the other.

To figure the probability of either of two mutually exclusive events (A or B) occurring, the probability of B occurring is subtracted from the probability of A occurring.

Which of the following is an example of the joint occurrence of two independent events?

Matching: -The two formulas for the calculation of the probability of the joint occurrence of simple events are known as the ________ theorem.

I would like to know my chances of surviving to see my son's high-school graduation.I need to live another twelve years, of course, and my son has to live that long as well-and he also has to graduate! What formula would I use to calculate my chances?

I have two jars of coins.One jar contains fifteen coins (five pennies and ten dimes) and the other contains twenty coins (ten of each).What are my chances of drawing two of the same coin if I take one coin from each jar?

Matching: -In the __________ view of probability, we figure the probability of the occurrence of an event by dividing the number of ways in which the event can occur by the total number of equipossible outcomes.

Matching: -To compute the probability of the joint occurrence of two independent events, you ________ their separate probabilities together.

I have two cars.I need to know the probability of at least one of my cars starting in the morning.To figure this out, I take the probability that each car itself will start, and:

My insurance agent claims that my chances of living to age sixty-five (as a non- smoking female) are 75%.However, another agent, from another agency, told me just last week that my chances are better than 78%.What is the most reasonable explanation for these different figures?

I take the separate probabilities of at least one of two events (which cannot both happen at once) and add them together.I am trying to figure:

Where investments are concerned, safety and productivity are considerations that always:

I have $400 to invest.I am considering buying a CD (which will pay 6%), but I also just got a prospectus from a corporation selling bonds, which promises 24%.I don't know where to put my money! That is probably because:

We use the addition theorem to compute the probability of the alternative occur- rences of nonexclusive events.

To figure the probability of getting at least one head on your first two coin tosses, figure out how likely it would be not to get any heads at all, and subtract from one.

Two events are mutually exclusive when the occurrence of one prevents the occur- rence of the other thereafter.

Basic Logical Concepts

Analyzing Arguments

Language and Definitions

Fallacies

Categorical Propositions

Categorical Syllogisms

Syllogisms in Ordinary Language

Propositional Logic I

Propositional Logic II

Predicate Logic

Analogical Reasoning

Causal Reasoning

Science and Hypothesis

Filters