Exam 3: Fieldwork and Ethnography

You are conducting fieldwork and invite local heads of household to a focus group session. You notice that all the heads of household that arrive are women. For research purposes, what do we refer to as the men in these families?

Define three fieldwork strategies anthropologists use to conduct research for an ethnography, and describe the context in which each is used.

The roots of today's anthropology emerged from very early accounts of travelers in previous centuries. What about these accounts helped fuel anthropological inquiry?

What aspect of Julian Steward and Sidney Mintz's work introduced a new approach to ethnography?

Margaret Mead's talent for blending fieldwork with dynamic writing about gender roles provided her with the authority and opportunity to become what kind of anthropologist?

Describe the state of anthropology at the end of the nineteenth century. What was it primarily focused on? How did this focus change to include fieldwork and ethnography? Describe at least two anthropologists who were responsible for the field's shift to an emphasis on fieldwork and the strategies they used. What do you think are some of their most lasting contributions to anthropology?

Increased migration has led anthropologists to conduct different types of ethnographic research, collecting data in two or more locations. What type of ethnography is this?

One of the changes in ethnographic work that has occurred in the twenty-first century has to do with the degree to which native voices are considered. How has this changed?

Margaret Mead was both controversial and renowned for her work. Which of the following statements best describes that work?

Define zeros and explain their significance for ethnographers.

Imagine you are getting ready to conduct an ethnography on the family and marriage history of royalty in the United Kingdom. What strategy would be most useful in order to understand the diverse and complex relationships among the people you're studying?

What changed and expanded in the late twentieth century that has allowed anthropologists to continue research even after leaving the field?

One recent development in ethnography includes a kind of "full disclosure," in which anthropologists can discuss the length of fieldwork and their relationships with their research subjects. This is seen as valuable because it:

Sydney Mintz conducted research on sugar production in Puerto Rico in the 1970s and 1980s, examining the way local communities were affected by capitalism. What other problems did his work help to illustrate?

The anthropological practice of sharing ethnographic information on particular communities with nonanthropological institutions such as the military has been questioned within the discipline of anthropology under a:

How did Annette Weiner, a feminist anthropologist, challenge preexisting theories in anthropology?

Anthropologists conducting fieldwork may experience a particular kind of disorientation from the "strangeness" they discover. Which term is used to describe this experience?

Once arriving at a new site for ethnographic research, you spend time walking through the small village complex where you live. What useful ethnographic information do you discover in doing this?

Henry Lewis Morgan and Edward Burnett Tylor, two early anthropologists, had notably different approaches to anthropological research. In conducting his research, Tylor:

In his study of everyday "Body Rituals among the Nacirema," anthropologist Horace Miner presents us with: