Question 1

Which of the following frequencies of electrical stimulation does tetany occur at in muscles?

Accepted Answer

A)  Approximately 10 pulses per second 
B)  Approximately 20 pulses per second 
C)  Appromixately 30 pulses per second 
D)  Approximately 40 pulses per second 
E)  Approximately 50 pulses per second 
A)  Approximately 10 pulses per second 
B)  Approximately 20 pulses per second 
C)  Appromixately 30 pulses per second 
D)  Approximately 40 pulses per second 
E)  Approximately 50 pulses per second

Question 2

What characteristic of ultrasound separates it from infrared modalities?

Accepted Answer

A)  Ultrasound does more than heat body tissue. 
B)  Ultrasound will not cause thermal burns. 
C)  Ultrasound has a shorter time period. 
D)  Ultrasound requires an athletic trainer to administer the treatment. 
E)  Ultrasound uses acoustic energy. 
A)  Ultrasound does more than heat body tissue. 
B)  Ultrasound will not cause thermal burns. 
C)  Ultrasound has a shorter time period. 
D)  Ultrasound requires an athletic trainer to administer the treatment. 
E)  Ultrasound uses acoustic energy.

Question 3

Which of the following is the appropriate temperature for this modality?

Accepted Answer

A)  110-114 degrees Fahrenheit 
B)  116-120 degrees Fahrenheit 
C)  126-130 degrees Fahrenheit 
D)  131-135 degrees Fahrenheit 
E)  137-140 degrees Fahrenheit 
A)  110-114 degrees Fahrenheit 
B)  116-120 degrees Fahrenheit 
C)  126-130 degrees Fahrenheit 
D)  131-135 degrees Fahrenheit 
E)  137-140 degrees Fahrenheit

Question 4

Identify the correct pad placement to administer interferential currents on the back.

Accepted Answer

A)    
B)    
C)    
D)    
E)    
A)    
B)    
C)    
D)    
E)

Question 5

What method(s) of thermal energy transfer is being demonstrated in the diagram?

Accepted Answer

A)  Conduction 
B)  Convection 
C)  Conduction and convection 
D)  Conversion and conduction 
E)  Conversion 
A)  Conduction 
B)  Convection 
C)  Conduction and convection 
D)  Conversion and conduction 
E)  Conversion

Question 6

When treating a small localized area, what would be the best way to move the transducer head?

Accepted Answer

A)  Non-overlapping circular patterns 
B)  Stroking pattern 
C)  Gel pad technique using circular patterns 
D)  Overlapping circular patterns 
E)  Allow it to stay in one place 
A)  Non-overlapping circular patterns 
B)  Stroking pattern 
C)  Gel pad technique using circular patterns 
D)  Overlapping circular patterns 
E)  Allow it to stay in one place

Question 7

When providing a non-thermal ultrasound treatment over an acute injury to 1st metatarsal phalangeal joint in which the patient has Raynaud's phenomena, what would be the best application technique to use?

Accepted Answer

A)  Underwater application in warm water to avoid the adverse reaction 
B)  Direct contact using a large transducer sized head because of the keratine layer on the plantar surface of the foot 
C)  Gel pad application over the joint area, being sure to coat both sides with ultrasound gel 
D)  Combination electrical stimulation and ultrasound to modulate the acute pain 
E)  Underwater application in cold water to address the swelling 
A)  Underwater application in warm water to avoid the adverse reaction 
B)  Direct contact using a large transducer sized head because of the keratine layer on the plantar surface of the foot 
C)  Gel pad application over the joint area, being sure to coat both sides with ultrasound gel 
D)  Combination electrical stimulation and ultrasound to modulate the acute pain 
E)  Underwater application in cold water to address the swelling

Question 8

Which of the following illustrations represents the type of massage technique that is used to stretch the underlying tissue and increase circulation around the joint?

Accepted Answer

A)    
B)    
C)   
  
D)    
A)    
B)    
C)   
  
D)

Question 9

What condition would be treated using the heavy dose (IV) protocol for shortwave diathermy?

Accepted Answer

A)  Acute ACL sprain 
B)  Subacute low back strain 
C)  Six-week post-injury of a grade 2 ulnar collateral ligament tear of the wrist 
D)  Four-month patellar tendinitis 
E)  Chronic trochanteric bursitis 
A)  Acute ACL sprain 
B)  Subacute low back strain 
C)  Six-week post-injury of a grade 2 ulnar collateral ligament tear of the wrist 
D)  Four-month patellar tendinitis 
E)  Chronic trochanteric bursitis

Question 10

What is the type of the modality illustrated in the picture?

Accepted Answer

A)  Interferential current unit 
B)  LASER Therapy unit 
C)  Ultrasound and electrical stimulation combination unit 
D)  Low-Intensity Stimulator unit 
E)  Electrical stimulating unit 
A)  Interferential current unit 
B)  LASER Therapy unit 
C)  Ultrasound and electrical stimulation combination unit 
D)  Low-Intensity Stimulator unit 
E)  Electrical stimulating unit

Question 11

Which of the following is a nonthermal effect of therapeutic ultrasound that can alter cell membrane structure and function?

Accepted Answer

A)  Microstreaming 
B)  Cavitation 
C)  Agitation 
D)  Resistance 
E)  Overcooling 
A)  Microstreaming 
B)  Cavitation 
C)  Agitation 
D)  Resistance 
E)  Overcooling

Question 12

What is the difference between Chinese acupuncture and dry needling?

Accepted Answer

A)  There is no difference. 
B)  Dry needling focuses on treating pain associated with myofascial trigger points while Chinese acupuncture treats muscular condition and non-muscular conditions. 
C)  Chinese acupuncture focuses on treating pain associated with myofascial trigger points while dry needling treats muscular condition and non-muscular conditions. 
D)  Chinese acupuncture is a type of massage while dry needling is not. 
E)  Dry needling is primarily used to improve range of motion and disability while Chinese acupuncture is used to increase ROM through joint mobilizations. 
A)  There is no difference. 
B)  Dry needling focuses on treating pain associated with myofascial trigger points while Chinese acupuncture treats muscular condition and non-muscular conditions. 
C)  Chinese acupuncture focuses on treating pain associated with myofascial trigger points while dry needling treats muscular condition and non-muscular conditions. 
D)  Chinese acupuncture is a type of massage while dry needling is not. 
E)  Dry needling is primarily used to improve range of motion and disability while Chinese acupuncture is used to increase ROM through joint mobilizations.

Question 13

What condition was extracorporeal shock wave therapy used for?

Accepted Answer

A)  Muscle atrophy 
B)  Kidney stone fragmentation 
C)  Tennis elbow 
D)  Plantar fasciitis 
E)  Non-union fractures 
A)  Muscle atrophy 
B)  Kidney stone fragmentation 
C)  Tennis elbow 
D)  Plantar fasciitis 
E)  Non-union fractures

Question 14

Which of the following variables is controversial in regards to their physiological response to cryotherapy?

Accepted Answer

A)  Muscle guarding 
B)  Edema 
C)  Metabolic rate 
D)  Pain perception 
E)  Collagen elasticity 
A)  Muscle guarding 
B)  Edema 
C)  Metabolic rate 
D)  Pain perception 
E)  Collagen elasticity

Question 15

Which of the following is the reason for cold water immersion techniques increasing the likelihood of swelling?

Accepted Answer

A)  The extremities are in a gravity-dependent position during therapy. 
B)  The buoyancy of water causes the limbs to move. 
C)  These techniques depend on extreme temperatures. 
D)  These techniques require a lot of fluid movement. 
E)  The permeability of skin allows water to seep into the body. 
A)  The extremities are in a gravity-dependent position during therapy. 
B)  The buoyancy of water causes the limbs to move. 
C)  These techniques depend on extreme temperatures. 
D)  These techniques require a lot of fluid movement. 
E)  The permeability of skin allows water to seep into the body.

Question 16

What is being performed in the following illustration?

Accepted Answer

A)  Manual cervical traction 
B)  Mechanical scapular traction 
C)  Positional cervical traction 
D)  Inverted cervical 
E)  Manual cervical traction with joint mobilization 
A)  Manual cervical traction 
B)  Mechanical scapular traction 
C)  Positional cervical traction 
D)  Inverted cervical 
E)  Manual cervical traction with joint mobilization

Question 17

What is it when performing a non-thermal ultrasound treatment, that results in an increased flow in the fluid around vibrating bubbles?

Accepted Answer

A)  Resonance 
B)  Cavitation 
C)  Microstreaming 
D)  Piezoelectricity 
E)  Attenuation 
A)  Resonance 
B)  Cavitation 
C)  Microstreaming 
D)  Piezoelectricity 
E)  Attenuation

Question 18

Which of the following illustrations represents the type of massage technique that is used in conjunction with cupping to bring about a varied stimulation of the sensory nerves over heavy muscle areas?

Accepted Answer

A)    
B)    
C)    
D)    
E)    
A)    
B)    
C)    
D)    
E)

Question 19

What is the minimal amount of time that the modality provides heat?

Accepted Answer

A)  30 minutes 
B)  1 hour 
C)  4 hours 
D)  8 hours 
E)  24 hours 
A)  30 minutes 
B)  1 hour 
C)  4 hours 
D)  8 hours 
E)  24 hours

Question 20

Which of the following statements is correct in regards to differences between phonophoresis and iontophoresis?

Accepted Answer

A)  Iontophoresis has the capability of greater penetration. 
B)  Phonophoresis has a greater chance of producing a chemical burn. 
C)  Iontophoresis has a greater advantage because it allows the medicine to bypass the gastrointestinal system. 
D)  Phonophoresis involves driving whole molecules across the skin into the tissues. 
E)  Iontophoresis is more economical. 
A)  Iontophoresis has the capability of greater penetration. 
B)  Phonophoresis has a greater chance of producing a chemical burn. 
C)  Iontophoresis has a greater advantage because it allows the medicine to bypass the gastrointestinal system. 
D)  Phonophoresis involves driving whole molecules across the skin into the tissues. 
E)  Iontophoresis is more economical.

Exam 15: Using Therapeutic Modalities

Which of the following frequencies of electrical stimulation does tetany occur at in muscles?

What characteristic of ultrasound separates it from infrared modalities?

Which of the following is the appropriate temperature for this modality?

Identify the correct pad placement to administer interferential currents on the back.

What method(s) of thermal energy transfer is being demonstrated in the diagram?

When treating a small localized area, what would be the best way to move the transducer head?

When providing a non-thermal ultrasound treatment over an acute injury to 1st metatarsal phalangeal joint in which the patient has Raynaud's phenomena, what would be the best application technique to use?

Which of the following illustrations represents the type of massage technique that is used to stretch the underlying tissue and increase circulation around the joint?

What condition would be treated using the heavy dose (IV) protocol for shortwave diathermy?

What is the type of the modality illustrated in the picture?

Which of the following is a nonthermal effect of therapeutic ultrasound that can alter cell membrane structure and function?

What is the difference between Chinese acupuncture and dry needling?

What condition was extracorporeal shock wave therapy used for?

Which of the following variables is controversial in regards to their physiological response to cryotherapy?

Which of the following is the reason for cold water immersion techniques increasing the likelihood of swelling?

What is being performed in the following illustration?

What is it when performing a non-thermal ultrasound treatment, that results in an increased flow in the fluid around vibrating bubbles?

Which of the following illustrations represents the type of massage technique that is used in conjunction with cupping to bring about a varied stimulation of the sensory nerves over heavy muscle areas?

What is the minimal amount of time that the modality provides heat?

Which of the following statements is correct in regards to differences between phonophoresis and iontophoresis?

The Athletic Trainer As a Health Care Provider

Health Care Organization and Administration in Athletic Training

Legal Concerns and Insurance Issues

Fitness and Conditioning Techniques

Nutrition and Supplements

Environmental Considerations

Protective Equipment

Wrapping and Taping

Mechanisms and Characteristics of Musculoskeletal and Nerve Trauma

Tissue Response to Injury

Psychosocial Intervention for Sports Injuries and Illnesses

On-The-Field Acute Care and Emergency Procedures

Off-The-Field Injury Evaluation

Infectious Diseases, Bloodborne Pathogens, and Universal Precautions

Using Therapeutic Exercise in Rehabilitation

Pharmacology, Drugs, and Sports

The Foot

The Ankle and Lower Leg

The Knee and Related Structures

The Thigh, Hip, Groin, and Pelvis

The Shoulder Complex

The Elbow

The Forearm, Wrist, Hand, and Fingers

The Spine

The Head, Face, Eyes, Ears, Nose, and Throat

The Thorax and Abdomen

Skin Disorders

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When providing a non-thermal ultrasound treatment over an acute injury to 1^st metatarsal phalangeal joint in which the patient has Raynaud's phenomena, what would be the best application technique to use?