Question 1

Compare and contrast the foreign policies of Carter and Reagan. Explain their assumptions. Summarize their successes and failures.

Accepted Answer

The foreign policies of Jimmy Carter and

Question 2

Reagan's tax policy ("Reaganomics") argued that

Accepted Answer

A)  the federal government should create jobs to decrease unemployment and increase wages. 
B)  tax rates for the wealthy should be significantly increased since they had the largest discretionary income. 
C)  reduced taxes would increase investments and in turn stimulate production, jobs, and prosperity. 
D)  increased taxes would reduce the federal deficit, lowering interest rates and cutting inflation. 
A)  the federal government should create jobs to decrease unemployment and increase wages. 
B)  tax rates for the wealthy should be significantly increased since they had the largest discretionary income. 
C)  reduced taxes would increase investments and in turn stimulate production, jobs, and prosperity. 
D)  increased taxes would reduce the federal deficit, lowering interest rates and cutting inflation.

Question 3

Many of Carter's political problems were caused by his

Accepted Answer

A)  unwillingness to reach out to average citizens. 
B)  poor grasp of economics. 
C)  willingness to rely upon the Washington "establishment" for advisors. 
D)  lack of follow-through with Congress. 
A)  unwillingness to reach out to average citizens. 
B)  poor grasp of economics. 
C)  willingness to rely upon the Washington "establishment" for advisors. 
D)  lack of follow-through with Congress.

Question 4

The Central Intelligence Agency backed the 1953 coup that overthrew the Iranian government and placed the shah in control.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

As a result of the election of 1980, the Republicans

Accepted Answer

A)  gained control of both houses of Congress. 
B)  won control of the Senate and cut deeply into the Democratic majority in the House. 
C)  gained seats in both the House and the Senate, although the Democrats still controlled both. 
D)  won control of the House and cut deeply into the Democratic majority in the Senate. 
A)  gained control of both houses of Congress. 
B)  won control of the Senate and cut deeply into the Democratic majority in the House. 
C)  gained seats in both the House and the Senate, although the Democrats still controlled both. 
D)  won control of the House and cut deeply into the Democratic majority in the Senate.

Question 6

By the end of Reagan's second term, the standard of living for the poorest fifth of Americans had fallen almost 10 percent, while that of the wealthiest had risen by almost 20 percent.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

The U.S. public did not hold President Reagan personally responsible for the financial scandals of his administration or the Iran-Contra Arms deal because he was

Accepted Answer

A)  determined to punish those responsible for these scandals. 
B)  unable to communicate his basic values effectively. 
C)  primarily a celebrity rather than a politician. 
D)  not an able or involved administrator. 
A)  determined to punish those responsible for these scandals. 
B)  unable to communicate his basic values effectively. 
C)  primarily a celebrity rather than a politician. 
D)  not an able or involved administrator.

Question 8

During the presidency of George H. W. Bush, which of the following events did NOT play a role in the ballooning federal deficit?

Accepted Answer

A)  President Bush's refusal to raise any taxes 
B)  the cost of the Persian Gulf War 
C)  the savings and loan bailout 
D)  the refusal to reduce spending on popular entitlement programs 
A)  President Bush's refusal to raise any taxes 
B)  the cost of the Persian Gulf War 
C)  the savings and loan bailout 
D)  the refusal to reduce spending on popular entitlement programs

Question 9

Describe the Iranian crisis, examining both its postwar origins and the dilemmas it presented for President Carter.

Accepted Answer

The Iranian crisis had its postwar origi

Question 10

In August 1990, Iraq's President ________ launched a massive attack on Kuwait, precipitating a major war in the Persian Gulf.

Accepted Answer

A)  Fahd Bin Abdel Aziz 
B)  Saddam Hussein 
C)  Hosni Mubarek 
D)  Muammar al-Qaddafi 
A)  Fahd Bin Abdel Aziz 
B)  Saddam Hussein 
C)  Hosni Mubarek 
D)  Muammar al-Qaddafi

Question 11

The members of the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries united to boycott oil shipments to the West in response to U.S.

Accepted Answer

A)  aid to Israel in the 1973 Yom Kippur War. 
B)  policy prohibiting immigration from Arab countries in the 1970s. 
C)  weaknesses revealed by the withdrawal from Vietnam. 
D)  efforts to suppress the 1979 Iranian Revolution. 
A)  aid to Israel in the 1973 Yom Kippur War. 
B)  policy prohibiting immigration from Arab countries in the 1970s. 
C)  weaknesses revealed by the withdrawal from Vietnam. 
D)  efforts to suppress the 1979 Iranian Revolution.

Question 12

The dismantling of communist governments in the Soviet Union's European satellites was generally peaceful, except in ______________, where the dictator was executed.

Accepted Answer

A)  Romania 
B)  Hungary 
C)  Czechoslovakia 
D)  Bulgaria 
A)  Romania 
B)  Hungary 
C)  Czechoslovakia 
D)  Bulgaria

Question 13

The main reason for the collapse of Soviet-style communism in Eastern Europe in 1989 and 1990 was

Accepted Answer

A)  Soviet leader Mikhail Gorbachev's refusal to use force to keep old-line communist governments in power in Eastern Europe. 
B)  the aggressive stance taken toward Soviet leader Mikhail Gorbachev by presidents Reagan and Bush. 
C)  pressure from a United Nations' boycott of Soviet trade in order to pressure Soviet withdrawal from Eastern Europe. 
D)  the rebellions in Eastern Europe against Gorbachev's heavy-handed attempts to crush any attempts to reform pro-Soviet governments. 
A)  Soviet leader Mikhail Gorbachev's refusal to use force to keep old-line communist governments in power in Eastern Europe. 
B)  the aggressive stance taken toward Soviet leader Mikhail Gorbachev by presidents Reagan and Bush. 
C)  pressure from a United Nations' boycott of Soviet trade in order to pressure Soviet withdrawal from Eastern Europe. 
D)  the rebellions in Eastern Europe against Gorbachev's heavy-handed attempts to crush any attempts to reform pro-Soviet governments.

Question 14

President Carter's most striking diplomatic achievement was helping to negotiate the ________ between Israel and Egypt.

Accepted Answer

A)  Strategic Arms Limitation Treaty 
B)  Golan Heights Pact 
C)  Camp David Accords 
D)  West Bank Security Agreement 
A)  Strategic Arms Limitation Treaty 
B)  Golan Heights Pact 
C)  Camp David Accords 
D)  West Bank Security Agreement

Question 15

After his election in 1988, President Bush

Accepted Answer

A)  displayed the same lack of interest in the details of government as President Reagan. 
B)  saw his standing in public opinion polls drop dramatically because of his inept handling of foreign affairs. 
C)  angered Reagan loyalists by supporting abortion rights and gun control. 
D)  tried to shed the tough image he created during the campaign. 
A)  displayed the same lack of interest in the details of government as President Reagan. 
B)  saw his standing in public opinion polls drop dramatically because of his inept handling of foreign affairs. 
C)  angered Reagan loyalists by supporting abortion rights and gun control. 
D)  tried to shed the tough image he created during the campaign.

Question 16

The person most responsible for the frenzy of corporate mergers in the 1980s was Michael Milken, who specialized in selling "junk bonds."

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

When President Nixon was forced to resign because of the Watergate scandal, he was succeeded by

Accepted Answer

A)  Ronald Reagan. 
B)  Nelson Rockefeller. 
C)  Jimmy Carter. 
D)  Gerald Ford. 
A)  Ronald Reagan. 
B)  Nelson Rockefeller. 
C)  Jimmy Carter. 
D)  Gerald Ford.

Question 18

Among Reagan's highest priorities as president was

Accepted Answer

A)  promoting basic human rights in other countries. 
B)  decreasing defense spending. 
C)  balancing the budget. 
D)  cutting federal taxes. 
A)  promoting basic human rights in other countries. 
B)  decreasing defense spending. 
C)  balancing the budget. 
D)  cutting federal taxes.

Question 19

In 1986, NASA programs suffered a setback as a result of the

Accepted Answer

A)  decision by Reagan to appoint a political crony to head NASA. 
B)  explosion of the space shuttle Challenger. 
C)  Strategic Arms Limitation Treaty. 
D)  Glenn Committee investigations of corruption in the space agency. 
A)  decision by Reagan to appoint a political crony to head NASA. 
B)  explosion of the space shuttle Challenger. 
C)  Strategic Arms Limitation Treaty. 
D)  Glenn Committee investigations of corruption in the space agency.

Question 20

The Income Tax Act of 1986, supported by the Reagan administration,

Accepted Answer

A)  raised tax rates significantly for corporations and for capital gains. 
B)  lowered the lowest taxable income rate from 30 percent to 10 percent. 
C)  was a significant attempt to solve the problem of a huge federal deficit by increasing the taxes of those most able to afford them. 
D)  lowered tax rates significantly for corporations and the wealthy. 
A)  raised tax rates significantly for corporations and for capital gains. 
B)  lowered the lowest taxable income rate from 30 percent to 10 percent. 
C)  was a significant attempt to solve the problem of a huge federal deficit by increasing the taxes of those most able to afford them. 
D)  lowered tax rates significantly for corporations and the wealthy.

Exam 30: Running on Empty: 1975-1991

Compare and contrast the foreign policies of Carter and Reagan. Explain their assumptions. Summarize their successes and failures.

Reagan's tax policy ("Reaganomics") argued that

Many of Carter's political problems were caused by his

The Central Intelligence Agency backed the 1953 coup that overthrew the Iranian government and placed the shah in control.

As a result of the election of 1980, the Republicans

By the end of Reagan's second term, the standard of living for the poorest fifth of Americans had fallen almost 10 percent, while that of the wealthiest had risen by almost 20 percent.

The U.S. public did not hold President Reagan personally responsible for the financial scandals of his administration or the Iran-Contra Arms deal because he was

During the presidency of George H. W. Bush, which of the following events did NOT play a role in the ballooning federal deficit?

Describe the Iranian crisis, examining both its postwar origins and the dilemmas it presented for President Carter.

In August 1990, Iraq's President ________ launched a massive attack on Kuwait, precipitating a major war in the Persian Gulf.

The members of the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries united to boycott oil shipments to the West in response to U.S.

The dismantling of communist governments in the Soviet Union's European satellites was generally peaceful, except in ______________, where the dictator was executed.

The main reason for the collapse of Soviet-style communism in Eastern Europe in 1989 and 1990 was

President Carter's most striking diplomatic achievement was helping to negotiate the ________ between Israel and Egypt.

After his election in 1988, President Bush

The person most responsible for the frenzy of corporate mergers in the 1980s was Michael Milken, who specialized in selling "junk bonds."

When President Nixon was forced to resign because of the Watergate scandal, he was succeeded by

Among Reagan's highest priorities as president was

In 1986, NASA programs suffered a setback as a result of the

The Income Tax Act of 1986, supported by the Reagan administration,

Alien Encounters: Europe in the Americas

American Society in the Making

America in the British Empire

The American Revolution

The Federalist Era: Nationalism Triumphant

Jeffersonian Democracy

National Growing Pains

Toward a National Economy

Jacksonian Democracy

The Making of Middle-Class America

West/Ward Expansion

The Sections Go Their Own Ways

The Coming of the Civil War

The War to Save the Union

Reconstruction and the South

The Conquest of the West

An Industrial Giant Emerges

American Society in the Industrial Age

Intellectual and Cultural Trends in the Late Nineteenth Century

From Smoke-Filled Rooms to Prairie Wildfire: 1877-1896

The Age of Reform

From Isolation to Empire

Woodrow Wilson and the Great War

Postwar Society and Culture: Change and Adjustment

From Normalcy to Economic Collapse: 1921-1933

The New Deal: 1933-1941

War and Peace: 1941-1945

Collision Courses, Abroad and at Home: 1946-1960

From Camelot to Watergate: 1961-1975

From Boomers to Millennials

Shocks and Responses: 1992-Present

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