Exam 8: Currents of Change in the Northeast and the Old Northwest

The last link in the chain of waterways binding New York City to the Great Lakes and the Northwest was the ________, stretching 363 miles between Albany and Buffalo.

Between 1820 and 1860, the per capita income of Americans steadily declined.

Among antebellum American inventions were the McCormick ________, the Colt ________, and Goodyear vulcanized ________ products.

Which of the following values did self-help books emphasize in the early 1800s?

Unprecedented urban violence raged in American cities prior to the Civil War, fed by racial and immigrant tensions.

Mob actions sometimes lasted for days because there was no effective police to stop them.

In 1860, ________ percent of the American people lived in cities.

Most European visitors to the United States in the 1830s considered Americans to be dull-witted and listless.

By the 1830s, all American states had adopted a plan of state-funded public education for children between 5 and 19 years of age.

Farmers in the ________ valley were leaders in adopting scientific farming techniques in the early 1800s.

By 1830, ________, Indiana, and southern Illinois were heavily settled.

Agriculture and farming represented a small part of the exports and livelihoods of early American people.

By 1860, almost ________ of the American people lived west of the Appalachian Mountains.

Northern farmers started using manure as fertilizer after 1800.

In 1837, Illinois blacksmith ________ developed a new steel plow that rapidly became popular.

Improved transportation in the 1840s and 1850s undermined the trend toward regional specialization.

Most black women in urban America held jobs before and after marriage in the mid-1800s.

In five northern states, free blacks could not testify against whites nor sit on juries.

In Dartmouth College v. Woodward, the Supreme Court held that a(n) ________ granted by a state could not be modified unless both parties agreed.