Question 1

Surf is made up of waves of translation.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  True

Question 2

Waves with a long wavelength and long period are the most powerful.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  True

Question 3

What is the most common solution applied to the problem of infilling of protected anchorages by sand carried by longshore currents?

Accepted Answer

Dredging is commonly used. At Santa Barbara, a dredge works year round to remove sand from a growing spit at the mouth of the harbor.

Question 4

What percentage of the U.S. population now lives less than one hour's drive from a coastline?

Accepted Answer

A)  10% 
B)  20% 
C)  30% 
D)  50% 
E)  70% 
A)  10% 
B)  20% 
C)  30% 
D)  50% 
E)  70%

Question 5

The annual amount of littoral drift on the eastern seaboard of the United States is on the order of:

Accepted Answer

A)  hundreds of cubic yards of sand. 
B)  thousands of cubic yards of sand. 
C)  tens of thousands of cubic yards of sand. 
D)  hundreds of thousands of cubic yards of sand. 
E)  millions of cubic yards of sand. 
A)  hundreds of cubic yards of sand. 
B)  thousands of cubic yards of sand. 
C)  tens of thousands of cubic yards of sand. 
D)  hundreds of thousands of cubic yards of sand. 
E)  millions of cubic yards of sand.

Question 6

Rounded cobbles at the foot of the cliff are indicative of an inactive sea cliff.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

Which hurricane caused the greatest loss of life in the U.S.?

Accepted Answer

A)  Katrina (2005) 
B)  Galveston (1900) 
C)  Hugo (1989) 
D)  Camille (1969) 
E)  Agnes (1972) 
A)  Katrina (2005) 
B)  Galveston (1900) 
C)  Hugo (1989) 
D)  Camille (1969) 
E)  Agnes (1972)

Question 8

Wave energy tends to be focused on bays and away from points because of wave refraction.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

Concrete seawalls not only protect the land inboard of them, but also encourage sand accumulation.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

What would happen if a new shipping channel was cut through a barrier island on the east coast of the U.S. and lined with jetties where there is a strong southward longshore current?

Accepted Answer

A)  The shoreline on the north side would widen seaward, and the one on the south would erode and retreat landward. 
B)  The shoreline on the south side would widen, and the one on the north would erode and retreat landward. 
C)  Both shorelines would retreat. 
D)  Neither shoreline would retreat. 
E)  All of the barrier islands would disappear because of erosion. 
A)  The shoreline on the north side would widen seaward, and the one on the south would erode and retreat landward. 
B)  The shoreline on the south side would widen, and the one on the north would erode and retreat landward. 
C)  Both shorelines would retreat. 
D)  Neither shoreline would retreat. 
E)  All of the barrier islands would disappear because of erosion.

Question 11

The largest death toll from a natural disaster in the United States (over 6,000 killed) was caused by:

Accepted Answer

A)  an earthquake. 
B)  river flooding 
C)  a hurricane. 
D)  a landslide. 
E)  a volcanic eruption. 
A)  an earthquake. 
B)  river flooding 
C)  a hurricane. 
D)  a landslide. 
E)  a volcanic eruption.

Question 12

Are all of the effects of El Niño bad? Explain your answer.

Accepted Answer

Some areas benefit, while others suffer.

Question 13

The natural seasonal pattern for a beach is from narrower and gravelly in the summer to wider and sandy in the winter.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

What is the most common cause of tsunamis?

Accepted Answer

A)  earthquakes 
B)  volcanic eruptions 
C)  landslides 
D)  meteorite impacts 
E)  hurricanes and cyclones 
A)  earthquakes 
B)  volcanic eruptions 
C)  landslides 
D)  meteorite impacts 
E)  hurricanes and cyclones

Question 15

There were 61 deaths from the tsunami that hit Hilo, Hawaii, in 1960. Why were there so many deaths, considering that a tsunami warning had been issued and coastal warning sirens had been sounded?

Accepted Answer

The relatively small first wave was mist

Question 16

Active sea cliffs are characterized by steep faces and a lot of rock debris at their base.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

Long wavelength, regularly spaced waves that travel out of a source area and continue for long distances are called:

Accepted Answer

A)  chop. 
B)  fully developed seas. 
C)  storm waves. 
D)  white caps. 
E)  swell. 
A)  chop. 
B)  fully developed seas. 
C)  storm waves. 
D)  white caps. 
E)  swell.

Question 18

As a rule, waves approach the shore straight on.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

The time it takes for two successive wave crests or wave troughs to pass is called the frequency.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

What is the term applied to a current that flows away from shore through the surf zone?

Accepted Answer

A)  longshore current 
B)  equatorial counter current 
C)  tidal current 
D)  undertow current 
E)  rip current 
A)  longshore current 
B)  equatorial counter current 
C)  tidal current 
D)  undertow current 
E)  rip current

Surf is made up of waves of translation.

Waves with a long wavelength and long period are the most powerful.

What is the most common solution applied to the problem of infilling of protected anchorages by sand carried by longshore currents?

What percentage of the U.S. population now lives less than one hour's drive from a coastline?

The annual amount of littoral drift on the eastern seaboard of the United States is on the order of:

Rounded cobbles at the foot of the cliff are indicative of an inactive sea cliff.

Which hurricane caused the greatest loss of life in the U.S.?

Wave energy tends to be focused on bays and away from points because of wave refraction.

Concrete seawalls not only protect the land inboard of them, but also encourage sand accumulation.

What would happen if a new shipping channel was cut through a barrier island on the east coast of the U.S. and lined with jetties where there is a strong southward longshore current?

The largest death toll from a natural disaster in the United States (over 6,000 killed) was caused by:

Are all of the effects of El Niño bad? Explain your answer.

The natural seasonal pattern for a beach is from narrower and gravelly in the summer to wider and sandy in the winter.

What is the most common cause of tsunamis?

There were 61 deaths from the tsunami that hit Hilo, Hawaii, in 1960. Why were there so many deaths, considering that a tsunami warning had been issued and coastal warning sirens had been sounded?

Active sea cliffs are characterized by steep faces and a lot of rock debris at their base.

Long wavelength, regularly spaced waves that travel out of a source area and continue for long distances are called:

As a rule, waves approach the shore straight on.

The time it takes for two successive wave crests or wave troughs to pass is called the frequency.

What is the term applied to a current that flows away from shore through the surf zone?

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The Earth System and Climate Change

The Solid Earth

Earthquakes and Human Activities

Volcanoes

Weathering, Soils, and Erosion

Mass Wasting and Subsidence

Freshwater Resources

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Glaciation and Long-Term Climate Change

Arid Lands, Winds, and Desertification

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Exam 10: Coastal Environments and Humans

Surf is made up of waves of translation.

Waves with a long wavelength and long period are the most powerful.

What is the most common solution applied to the problem of infilling of protected anchorages by sand carried by longshore currents?

What percentage of the U.S. population now lives less than one hour's drive from a coastline?

The annual amount of littoral drift on the eastern seaboard of the United States is on the order of:

Rounded cobbles at the foot of the cliff are indicative of an inactive sea cliff.

Which hurricane caused the greatest loss of life in the U.S.?

Wave energy tends to be focused on bays and away from points because of wave refraction.

Concrete seawalls not only protect the land inboard of them, but also encourage sand accumulation.

What would happen if a new shipping channel was cut through a barrier island on the east coast of the U.S. and lined with jetties where there is a strong southward longshore current?

The largest death toll from a natural disaster in the United States (over 6,000 killed) was caused by:

Are all of the effects of El Niño bad? Explain your answer.

The natural seasonal pattern for a beach is from narrower and gravelly in the summer to wider and sandy in the winter.

What is the most common cause of tsunamis?

There were 61 deaths from the tsunami that hit Hilo, Hawaii, in 1960. Why were there so many deaths, considering that a tsunami warning had been issued and coastal warning sirens had been sounded?

Active sea cliffs are characterized by steep faces and a lot of rock debris at their base.

Long wavelength, regularly spaced waves that travel out of a source area and continue for long distances are called:

As a rule, waves approach the shore straight on.

The time it takes for two successive wave crests or wave troughs to pass is called the frequency.

What is the term applied to a current that flows away from shore through the surf zone?

Humans, Geology, and the Environment

The Earth System and Climate Change

The Solid Earth

Earthquakes and Human Activities

Volcanoes

Weathering, Soils, and Erosion

Mass Wasting and Subsidence

Freshwater Resources

Hydrologic Hazards at the Earthss Surface

Glaciation and Long-Term Climate Change

Arid Lands, Winds, and Desertification

Mineral Resources and Society

Energy and the Environment

Waste Management and Geology

Filters