Exam 17: The Nature and Functioning of Courts

Restorative justice differs from retributive justice in that restorative justice

Most state prison inmates are serving __________ sentences.

An order by a higher court directing a lower court to send to it the records of a case is exercised by a

A state's major trial courts are called

A _____ is a request that proceedings be terminated.

In the criminal justice process, a trial begins with the _____.

The Supreme Court has made exceptions to the constitutional exclusionary rule by creating the __________ rule.

A motion for a sanity hearing is made when

Compare and contrast the five most prominent philosophies of punishment.

Of the world's major industrialized nations, only three retain the death penalty.

Discuss the opposing deterrence and discrimination arguments regarding whether and to what extent executions deter murder.

Most states have three distinct levels of courts of law: courts of limited or special jurisdiction, courts of general jurisdiction, and courts of appellate jurisdiction. Discuss each of these levels of courts of law and the types of cases each may hear.

As a sentencing strategy or option, _____ is based on the premise that through correctional intervention an offender may be changed and returned to society as a productive citizen.

In what case did the Supreme Court rule that a state cannot pass and enforce a law making it a criminal offense for black and white citizens to intermarry?

If a defendant pleads __________, he or she admits criminal liability for the purpose of the immediate proceeding only.

Of the world's major industrialized nations, only the United States, Japan, and __________ retain the death penalty.

An offender may be required to provide financial reimbursement to cover the cost of a victim's loss. This sanction is referred to as

What are the two types of sentencing guidelines?

After a plea of not guilty, the first step is the impaneling of a jury, which is called the __________ jury, for the trial.

A state's major trial courts are the courts of general jurisdiction.