Question 1

Arrange the following types of planets in order of increasing distance from the Sun:

Accepted Answer

A)  terrestrial planets, ice giants, gas giants. 
B)  gas giants, terrestrial planets, ice giants. 
C)  terrestrial planets, gas giants, ice giants. 
D)  ice giants, gas giants, terrestrial planets. 
A)  terrestrial planets, ice giants, gas giants. 
B)  gas giants, terrestrial planets, ice giants. 
C)  terrestrial planets, gas giants, ice giants. 
D)  ice giants, gas giants, terrestrial planets.

Question 2

How did the first exoplanets to be discovered differ from those in our Solar System?

Accepted Answer

The first exoplanets discovere

Question 3

The figure below shows the orbits (or portions of orbits)of planets in our Solar System with solid lines.The dashed line is between the orbits of Saturn and Uranus.At what lettered location is the snow line?

Accepted Answer

A)  A 
B)  B 
C)  C 
D)  D 
A)  A 
B)  B 
C)  C 
D)  D

Question 4

The asteroid belt:

Accepted Answer

A)  is the debris field of a destroyed planet. 
B)  consists of roughly spherical bodies made of silicon and iron. 
C)  was kept from forming a planet by the gravitational disturbance of Jupiter. 
D)  contains as much mass as Saturn. 
A)  is the debris field of a destroyed planet. 
B)  consists of roughly spherical bodies made of silicon and iron. 
C)  was kept from forming a planet by the gravitational disturbance of Jupiter. 
D)  contains as much mass as Saturn.

Question 5

According to the condensation theory,extrasolar gas giants with orbital radii of about 100 AU formed:

Accepted Answer

A)  about 10 AU from their stars. 
B)  about 40 AU from their stars. 
C)  near their present positions. 
D)  around other stars, and then were captured. 
A)  about 10 AU from their stars. 
B)  about 40 AU from their stars. 
C)  near their present positions. 
D)  around other stars, and then were captured.

Question 6

C-type asteroids differ from S-type asteroids in that C-type asteroids:

Accepted Answer

A)  never underwent differentiation. 
B)  never have Earth-crossing orbits. 
C)  are more reflective. 
D)  are more numerous. 
A)  never underwent differentiation. 
B)  never have Earth-crossing orbits. 
C)  are more reflective. 
D)  are more numerous.

Question 7

The most successful method to date in detecting Earth-sized exoplanets is:

Accepted Answer

A)  the radial velocity method. 
B)  the transit method. 
C)  direct imaging. 
D)  gravitational lensing. 
A)  the radial velocity method. 
B)  the transit method. 
C)  direct imaging. 
D)  gravitational lensing.

Question 8

Suppose that a protoplanetary disk around a Sun-like star is heated past about 5 AU by an unknown process.How might the resulting planetary system differ from our own?

Accepted Answer

A)  The outer planets would orbit faster. 
B)  The outer planets would be rockier. 
C)  The outer planets would be more massive. 
D)  This would not affect any of the planets. 
A)  The outer planets would orbit faster. 
B)  The outer planets would be rockier. 
C)  The outer planets would be more massive. 
D)  This would not affect any of the planets.

Question 9

Astronomers detect a gas giant exoplanet orbiting its host star on an eccentric orbit with a semimajor axis of 100 AU.This provides evidence for:

Accepted Answer

A)  hot Jupiters. 
B)  eccentric disks. 
C)  scattering. 
D)  the snow line. 
A)  hot Jupiters. 
B)  eccentric disks. 
C)  scattering. 
D)  the snow line.

Question 10

Astronomers discover a star with several planets orbiting it.The planets have orbits with a wide range of inclinations,and (as viewed from Earth)half orbit clockwise,while half orbit counterclockwise.How must the formation of this system have differed from the formation of our own Solar System?

Accepted Answer

It did not form from a single

Question 11

The first extrasolar planets were discovered in:

Accepted Answer

A)  1601. 
B)  1951. 
C)  1995. 
D)  2011. 
A)  1601. 
B)  1951. 
C)  1995. 
D)  2011.

Question 12

The figure below shows the orbits of three gas giants around the star Upsilon Andromedae (labeled B,C,and D in the diagram,following their astronomical names).How do the orbits of these planets differ from gas giants in our Solar System?

Accepted Answer

The orbits of all three gas gi

Question 13

Which of the following would most directly favor the core accretion model over the hydrodynamic instability model for the formation of giant planets?

Accepted Answer

A)  an accurate census of the "hot Jupiters" 
B)  observations of comet-gas giant collisions in our Solar System 
C)  a detection of a massive, rocky core in the outer part of a very young protoplanetary disk 
D)  precise calculations of the formation sites of Jupiter and Saturn 
A)  an accurate census of the "hot Jupiters" 
B)  observations of comet-gas giant collisions in our Solar System 
C)  a detection of a massive, rocky core in the outer part of a very young protoplanetary disk 
D)  precise calculations of the formation sites of Jupiter and Saturn

Question 14

Most of the dwarf planets in our Solar System reside within the:

Accepted Answer

A)  scattered disk. 
B)  Kuiper Belt. 
C)  asteroid belt. 
D)  moons of the giant planets. 
A)  scattered disk. 
B)  Kuiper Belt. 
C)  asteroid belt. 
D)  moons of the giant planets.

Question 15

The theory that describes the formation of planetary systems is the:

Accepted Answer

A)  condensation theory. 
B)  core accretion model. 
C)  disk theory. 
D)  protoplanetary theory. 
A)  condensation theory. 
B)  core accretion model. 
C)  disk theory. 
D)  protoplanetary theory.

Question 16

How do comets from the Oort Cloud differ from comets from the Kuiper Belt?

Accepted Answer

A)  Oort Cloud comets have shorter periods. 
B)  Oort Cloud comets have smaller masses. 
C)  Oort Cloud comets have different compositions. 
D)  Oort Cloud comets have larger inclinations, on average. 
A)  Oort Cloud comets have shorter periods. 
B)  Oort Cloud comets have smaller masses. 
C)  Oort Cloud comets have different compositions. 
D)  Oort Cloud comets have larger inclinations, on average.

Question 17

The radial velocity method is best at detecting exoplanets with ________ orbital radii and ________ masses.

Accepted Answer

A)  small; small 
B)  small; large 
C)  large; large 
D)  large; small 
A)  small; small 
B)  small; large 
C)  large; large 
D)  large; small

Question 18

How would the outer parts of our Solar System be different if the gaseous portion of the protoplanetary disk remained for longer?

Accepted Answer

Pluto and other Kuiper Belt ob

Question 19

The thinker who advocated the existence of worlds around other planets at the end of the sixteenth century was:

Accepted Answer

A)  Tycho Brahe. 
B)  Johannes Kepler. 
C)  Nicolaus Copernicus. 
D)  Giordano Bruno. 
A)  Tycho Brahe. 
B)  Johannes Kepler. 
C)  Nicolaus Copernicus. 
D)  Giordano Bruno.

Question 20

A Solar System body that has a composition similar to a comet,a strong magnetic field,and a radius about four times larger than Earth must have an average orbital radius closest to:

Accepted Answer

A)  1 AU. 
B)  5 AU. 
C)  30 AU. 
D)  60 AU. 
A)  1 AU. 
B)  5 AU. 
C)  30 AU. 
D)  60 AU.

Arrange the following types of planets in order of increasing distance from the Sun:

How did the first exoplanets to be discovered differ from those in our Solar System?

The figure below shows the orbits (or portions of orbits)of planets in our Solar System with solid lines.The dashed line is between the orbits of Saturn and Uranus.At what lettered location is the snow line?

The asteroid belt:

According to the condensation theory,extrasolar gas giants with orbital radii of about 100 AU formed:

C-type asteroids differ from S-type asteroids in that C-type asteroids:

The most successful method to date in detecting Earth-sized exoplanets is:

Suppose that a protoplanetary disk around a Sun-like star is heated past about 5 AU by an unknown process.How might the resulting planetary system differ from our own?

Astronomers detect a gas giant exoplanet orbiting its host star on an eccentric orbit with a semimajor axis of 100 AU.This provides evidence for:

Astronomers discover a star with several planets orbiting it.The planets have orbits with a wide range of inclinations,and (as viewed from Earth)half orbit clockwise,while half orbit counterclockwise.How must the formation of this system have differed from the formation of our own Solar System?

The first extrasolar planets were discovered in:

The figure below shows the orbits of three gas giants around the star Upsilon Andromedae (labeled B,C,and D in the diagram,following their astronomical names).How do the orbits of these planets differ from gas giants in our Solar System?

Which of the following would most directly favor the core accretion model over the hydrodynamic instability model for the formation of giant planets?

Most of the dwarf planets in our Solar System reside within the:

The theory that describes the formation of planetary systems is the:

How do comets from the Oort Cloud differ from comets from the Kuiper Belt?

The radial velocity method is best at detecting exoplanets with orbital radii and masses.

How would the outer parts of our Solar System be different if the gaseous portion of the protoplanetary disk remained for longer?

The thinker who advocated the existence of worlds around other planets at the end of the sixteenth century was:

A Solar System body that has a composition similar to a comet,a strong magnetic field,and a radius about four times larger than Earth must have an average orbital radius closest to:

Getting Started: Science, astronomy, and Being Human

A Universe Made, a Universe Discovered

A Universe of Universal Laws

A Universe of Universal Laws

Home Base: Earth and Moon

Sibling Worlds: Mercury, Venus, and Mars

Gas, ice, and Stone: the Outer Planets

Life and the Search for Habitable Worlds

The Sun As a Star

Measuring the Stars: the Main Sequence and Its Meaning

Nursery of the Stars: the Interstellar Medium and Star Formation

To the Graveyard of Stars: the End Points of Stellar Evolution

Down the Rabbit Hole: Relativity and Black Holes

Our City of Stars: the Milky Way

A Universe of Galaxies

The Cosmic Web: the Large-Scale Structure of the Universe

Cosmology

Filters

Exam 5: The Architecture and Birth of Planetary Systems

Arrange the following types of planets in order of increasing distance from the Sun:

How did the first exoplanets to be discovered differ from those in our Solar System?

The figure below shows the orbits (or portions of orbits)of planets in our Solar System with solid lines.The dashed line is between the orbits of Saturn and Uranus.At what lettered location is the snow line?

The asteroid belt:

According to the condensation theory,extrasolar gas giants with orbital radii of about 100 AU formed:

C-type asteroids differ from S-type asteroids in that C-type asteroids:

The most successful method to date in detecting Earth-sized exoplanets is:

Suppose that a protoplanetary disk around a Sun-like star is heated past about 5 AU by an unknown process.How might the resulting planetary system differ from our own?

Astronomers detect a gas giant exoplanet orbiting its host star on an eccentric orbit with a semimajor axis of 100 AU.This provides evidence for:

Astronomers discover a star with several planets orbiting it.The planets have orbits with a wide range of inclinations,and (as viewed from Earth)half orbit clockwise,while half orbit counterclockwise.How must the formation of this system have differed from the formation of our own Solar System?

The first extrasolar planets were discovered in:

The figure below shows the orbits of three gas giants around the star Upsilon Andromedae (labeled B,C,and D in the diagram,following their astronomical names).How do the orbits of these planets differ from gas giants in our Solar System?

Which of the following would most directly favor the core accretion model over the hydrodynamic instability model for the formation of giant planets?

Most of the dwarf planets in our Solar System reside within the:

The theory that describes the formation of planetary systems is the:

How do comets from the Oort Cloud differ from comets from the Kuiper Belt?

The radial velocity method is best at detecting exoplanets with ________ orbital radii and ________ masses.

How would the outer parts of our Solar System be different if the gaseous portion of the protoplanetary disk remained for longer?

The thinker who advocated the existence of worlds around other planets at the end of the sixteenth century was:

A Solar System body that has a composition similar to a comet,a strong magnetic field,and a radius about four times larger than Earth must have an average orbital radius closest to:

Getting Started: Science, astronomy, and Being Human

A Universe Made, a Universe Discovered

A Universe of Universal Laws

A Universe of Universal Laws

Home Base: Earth and Moon

Sibling Worlds: Mercury, Venus, and Mars

Gas, ice, and Stone: the Outer Planets

Life and the Search for Habitable Worlds

The Sun As a Star

Measuring the Stars: the Main Sequence and Its Meaning

Nursery of the Stars: the Interstellar Medium and Star Formation

To the Graveyard of Stars: the End Points of Stellar Evolution

Down the Rabbit Hole: Relativity and Black Holes

Our City of Stars: the Milky Way

A Universe of Galaxies

The Cosmic Web: the Large-Scale Structure of the Universe

Cosmology

Filters

The radial velocity method is best at detecting exoplanets with orbital radii and masses.