Question 1

According to the nativist view of language acquisition, 12-month-old Anik is saying simple words because he has __________, which supports a __________ viewpoint.

Accepted Answer

A)  an innate capacity for language; nurture 
B)  been exposed to the basic processes of learning; nurture 
C)  an innate capacity for language; nature 
D)  been exposed to the basic processes of learning; nature 
A)  an innate capacity for language; nurture 
B)  been exposed to the basic processes of learning; nurture 
C)  an innate capacity for language; nature 
D)  been exposed to the basic processes of learning; nature C

Question 2

In talking about a friend on his football team, Marcus says, "Juan really knows how to throw a football." The surface structure tells us that __________, and the deep structure suggests that __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  Juan has knowledge of how to throw a football; Juan can tell you how to throw a football 
B)  Juan can tell you how to throw a football; Juan is good at throwing a football 
C)  Juan has knowledge of how to throw a football; Juan is good at throwing a football 
D)  Juan is good at throwing a football; Juan has knowledge of how to throw a football 
A)  Juan has knowledge of how to throw a football; Juan can tell you how to throw a football 
B)  Juan can tell you how to throw a football; Juan is good at throwing a football 
C)  Juan has knowledge of how to throw a football; Juan is good at throwing a football 
D)  Juan is good at throwing a football; Juan has knowledge of how to throw a football C

Question 3

The false belief that two things are related when in fact they are not is a(n) __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  illusory correlation 
B)  confirmation bias 
C)  relationship fallacy 
D)  heuristic error 
A)  illusory correlation 
B)  confirmation bias 
C)  relationship fallacy 
D)  heuristic error A

Question 4

Gardner changed the way people view intelligence. Instead of focusing on __________, he proposed __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  multiple scores; using a measure of emotional intelligence 
B)  multiple scores; using a single score on a culturally unbiased IQ test 
C)  a single score; that there are multiple scores combined to give an IQ score 
D)  a single score; that individuals possess a unique combination of varying intellectual abilities 
A)  multiple scores; using a measure of emotional intelligence 
B)  multiple scores; using a single score on a culturally unbiased IQ test 
C)  a single score; that there are multiple scores combined to give an IQ score 
D)  a single score; that individuals possess a unique combination of varying intellectual abilities

Question 5

The __________ view describes language acquisition as both a social process, in that adults engage infants to stimulate their language learning, and a biological process, in that children have a drive to communicate with others.

Accepted Answer

A)  behaviorist 
B)  nativist 
C)  social interactionist 
D)  semantic 
A)  behaviorist 
B)  nativist 
C)  social interactionist 
D)  semantic

Question 6

Arianna believes that she needs to renew her driver's license soon. To confirm her premise, she opens her wallet and checks the expiration date on her license. This is an example of __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  algorithmic reasoning 
B)  inductive reasoning 
C)  heuristic reasoning 
D)  deductive reasoning 
A)  algorithmic reasoning 
B)  inductive reasoning 
C)  heuristic reasoning 
D)  deductive reasoning

Question 7

As a result of concepts being organized in a __________ fashion, a quarter horse would be in a __________ category, under the __________ category of horse, which would fall under the __________ category of animal.

Accepted Answer

A)  categorical; subordinate; superordinate; advanced level 
B)  categorical; subordinate; advanced level; superordinate 
C)  hierarchical; basic level; subordinate; superordinate 
D)  hierarchical; subordinate; basic level; superordinate 
A)  categorical; subordinate; superordinate; advanced level 
B)  categorical; subordinate; advanced level; superordinate 
C)  hierarchical; basic level; subordinate; superordinate 
D)  hierarchical; subordinate; basic level; superordinate

Question 8

Ivanna recently suffered a stroke and is experiencing aphasia. Her doctor recommends getting her into therapy right away, as the biggest improvements occur in the first __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  two months 
B)  three months 
C)  six months 
D)  year 
A)  two months 
B)  three months 
C)  six months 
D)  year

Question 9

Sternberg believes that successful people are able to __________ internal factors and the situation around them.

Accepted Answer

A)  focus on 
B)  separate 
C)  adapt to 
D)  respond unemotionally to 
A)  focus on 
B)  separate 
C)  adapt to 
D)  respond unemotionally to

Question 10

Which three variables does Amabile's (1996) componential model of creativity suggest are required for creativity to occur?

Accepted Answer

A)  Domain-relevant skills, task motivation, creativity-relevant skills 
B)  Creativity-relevant skills, insightfulness, self-discipline 
C)  Domain-relevant skills, technical skills, insightfulness 
D)  Task motivation, passion-driven performance, a mental set 
A)  Domain-relevant skills, task motivation, creativity-relevant skills 
B)  Creativity-relevant skills, insightfulness, self-discipline 
C)  Domain-relevant skills, technical skills, insightfulness 
D)  Task motivation, passion-driven performance, a mental set

Question 11

Shalissa is described as being able to solve problems by "thinking outside of the box." She is probably high in __________ intelligence.

Accepted Answer

A)  analytical 
B)  creative 
C)  naturalistic 
D)  practical 
A)  analytical 
B)  creative 
C)  naturalistic 
D)  practical

Question 12

American Sign Language (ASL) has basic grammatical structures that __________ those used in spoken language.

Accepted Answer

A)  are different from 
B)  are similar to 
C)  have no relationship to 
D)  are more complex than 
A)  are different from 
B)  are similar to 
C)  have no relationship to 
D)  are more complex than

Question 13

Gifted children may be overlooked due to __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  their daydreaming behavior and vivid imaginations 
B)  behavior that is interpreted as lazy or incompetent 
C)  their social awkwardness 
D)  their shy and withdrawn personalities 
A)  their daydreaming behavior and vivid imaginations 
B)  behavior that is interpreted as lazy or incompetent 
C)  their social awkwardness 
D)  their shy and withdrawn personalities

Question 14

Sarah, who is from the United States, is using sign language to communicate with Kira, who is from Japan. Which of the following scenarios is most likely?

Accepted Answer

A)  They will have no problem communicating because sign language is a universal language. 
B)  They will not be able to communicate, because sign language is not used in Japan. 
C)  They will likely be able to communicate because most countries use American Sign Language (ASL). 
D)  They may have difficulty communicating because there are structural differences in sign language across cultures. 
A)  They will have no problem communicating because sign language is a universal language. 
B)  They will not be able to communicate, because sign language is not used in Japan. 
C)  They will likely be able to communicate because most countries use American Sign Language (ASL). 
D)  They may have difficulty communicating because there are structural differences in sign language across cultures.

Question 15

Finding a highly rated restaurant close to a hotel in which you are staying is an example of a __________, whereas finding a solution to homelessness is an example of a __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  well-defined problem; ill-defined problem 
B)  ill-defined problem; well-defined problem 
C)  minor problem; major problem 
D)  major problem; minor problem 
A)  well-defined problem; ill-defined problem 
B)  ill-defined problem; well-defined problem 
C)  minor problem; major problem 
D)  major problem; minor problem

Question 16

With the advent of neuroimaging techniques, researchers know that __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  the left hemisphere alone is responsible for our ability to produce, understand, hear, and master grammatical structure 
B)  the right hemisphere alone is responsible for our ability to produce, understand, hear, and master grammatical structure 
C)  both the left and right hemispheres are responsible for our ability to produce, understand, hear, and master grammatical structure 
D)  the left and right parietal lobes only are responsible for our ability to produce, understand, hear, and master grammatical structure 
A)  the left hemisphere alone is responsible for our ability to produce, understand, hear, and master grammatical structure 
B)  the right hemisphere alone is responsible for our ability to produce, understand, hear, and master grammatical structure 
C)  both the left and right hemispheres are responsible for our ability to produce, understand, hear, and master grammatical structure 
D)  the left and right parietal lobes only are responsible for our ability to produce, understand, hear, and master grammatical structure

Question 17

Compare and contrast the theories that propose more than one type of intelligence. Describe how each theory might be used to inform and improve educational practice.

Accepted Answer

Gardner's theory of multiple intelligenc

Question 18

Incubation effects are powerful problem-solving tools. Segal (2010) suggests that the reason is that __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  following a series of steps in approaching a solution keeps you on track to solve the problem 
B)  taking a break removes cognitive blocks and allows you to view the problem differently 
C)  past experiences provide a database of information, which gives you a shortcut to the solution 
D)  the answer will just come to you in a flash, a "eureka" moment 
A)  following a series of steps in approaching a solution keeps you on track to solve the problem 
B)  taking a break removes cognitive blocks and allows you to view the problem differently 
C)  past experiences provide a database of information, which gives you a shortcut to the solution 
D)  the answer will just come to you in a flash, a "eureka" moment

Question 19

As people age, the advantages of bilingualism __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  become less noticeable as they struggle to use both languages 
B)  become less noticeable as more brain area is devoted to language centers and less to other functions 
C)  become more noticeable because the cognitive exercise delays the onset of degenerative brain disorders 
D)  become more noticeable because the enlarged language center of the brain decreases the other areas susceptible to degenerative brain disorders 
A)  become less noticeable as they struggle to use both languages 
B)  become less noticeable as more brain area is devoted to language centers and less to other functions 
C)  become more noticeable because the cognitive exercise delays the onset of degenerative brain disorders 
D)  become more noticeable because the enlarged language center of the brain decreases the other areas susceptible to degenerative brain disorders

Question 20

Frank believes that people are more likely to die from a dog attack than from being struck by lightning, but he is wrong. This is due to __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  the representativeness heuristic 
B)  the availability heuristic 
C)  divergent thinking 
D)  confirmation bias 
A)  the representativeness heuristic 
B)  the availability heuristic 
C)  divergent thinking 
D)  confirmation bias

According to the nativist view of language acquisition, 12-month-old Anik is saying simple words because he has , which supports a viewpoint.

In talking about a friend on his football team, Marcus says, "Juan really knows how to throw a football." The surface structure tells us that , and the deep structure suggests that .

The false belief that two things are related when in fact they are not is a(n) __________.

Gardner changed the way people view intelligence. Instead of focusing on , he proposed .

The __________ view describes language acquisition as both a social process, in that adults engage infants to stimulate their language learning, and a biological process, in that children have a drive to communicate with others.

Arianna believes that she needs to renew her driver's license soon. To confirm her premise, she opens her wallet and checks the expiration date on her license. This is an example of __________.

As a result of concepts being organized in a fashion, a quarter horse would be in a category, under the category of horse, which would fall under the category of animal.

Ivanna recently suffered a stroke and is experiencing aphasia. Her doctor recommends getting her into therapy right away, as the biggest improvements occur in the first __________.

Sternberg believes that successful people are able to __________ internal factors and the situation around them.

Which three variables does Amabile's (1996) componential model of creativity suggest are required for creativity to occur?

Shalissa is described as being able to solve problems by "thinking outside of the box." She is probably high in __________ intelligence.

American Sign Language (ASL) has basic grammatical structures that __________ those used in spoken language.

Gifted children may be overlooked due to __________.

Sarah, who is from the United States, is using sign language to communicate with Kira, who is from Japan. Which of the following scenarios is most likely?

Finding a highly rated restaurant close to a hotel in which you are staying is an example of a , whereas finding a solution to homelessness is an example of a .

With the advent of neuroimaging techniques, researchers know that __________.

Compare and contrast the theories that propose more than one type of intelligence. Describe how each theory might be used to inform and improve educational practice.

Incubation effects are powerful problem-solving tools. Segal (2010) suggests that the reason is that __________.

As people age, the advantages of bilingualism __________.

Frank believes that people are more likely to die from a dog attack than from being struck by lightning, but he is wrong. This is due to __________.

The Science of Psychology

Biology and Behavior

Sensation and Perception

Consciousness

Learning

Memory

Motivation and Emotion

Lifespan Development

Personality

Social Psychology

Sexuality and Gender

Health Psychology

Psychological Disorders

Therapy

Filters

Exam 7: Cognitive Processes

According to the nativist view of language acquisition, 12-month-old Anik is saying simple words because he has __________, which supports a __________ viewpoint.

In talking about a friend on his football team, Marcus says, "Juan really knows how to throw a football." The surface structure tells us that __________, and the deep structure suggests that __________.

The false belief that two things are related when in fact they are not is a(n) __________.

Gardner changed the way people view intelligence. Instead of focusing on __________, he proposed __________.

The __________ view describes language acquisition as both a social process, in that adults engage infants to stimulate their language learning, and a biological process, in that children have a drive to communicate with others.

Arianna believes that she needs to renew her driver's license soon. To confirm her premise, she opens her wallet and checks the expiration date on her license. This is an example of __________.

As a result of concepts being organized in a __________ fashion, a quarter horse would be in a __________ category, under the __________ category of horse, which would fall under the __________ category of animal.

Ivanna recently suffered a stroke and is experiencing aphasia. Her doctor recommends getting her into therapy right away, as the biggest improvements occur in the first __________.

Sternberg believes that successful people are able to __________ internal factors and the situation around them.

Which three variables does Amabile's (1996) componential model of creativity suggest are required for creativity to occur?

Shalissa is described as being able to solve problems by "thinking outside of the box." She is probably high in __________ intelligence.

American Sign Language (ASL) has basic grammatical structures that __________ those used in spoken language.

Gifted children may be overlooked due to __________.

Sarah, who is from the United States, is using sign language to communicate with Kira, who is from Japan. Which of the following scenarios is most likely?

Finding a highly rated restaurant close to a hotel in which you are staying is an example of a __________, whereas finding a solution to homelessness is an example of a __________.

With the advent of neuroimaging techniques, researchers know that __________.

Compare and contrast the theories that propose more than one type of intelligence. Describe how each theory might be used to inform and improve educational practice.

Incubation effects are powerful problem-solving tools. Segal (2010) suggests that the reason is that __________.

As people age, the advantages of bilingualism __________.

Frank believes that people are more likely to die from a dog attack than from being struck by lightning, but he is wrong. This is due to __________.

The Science of Psychology

Biology and Behavior

Sensation and Perception

Consciousness

Learning

Memory

Motivation and Emotion

Lifespan Development

Personality

Social Psychology

Sexuality and Gender

Health Psychology

Psychological Disorders

Therapy

Filters

According to the nativist view of language acquisition, 12-month-old Anik is saying simple words because he has , which supports a viewpoint.

In talking about a friend on his football team, Marcus says, "Juan really knows how to throw a football." The surface structure tells us that , and the deep structure suggests that .

Gardner changed the way people view intelligence. Instead of focusing on , he proposed .

As a result of concepts being organized in a fashion, a quarter horse would be in a category, under the category of horse, which would fall under the category of animal.

Finding a highly rated restaurant close to a hotel in which you are staying is an example of a , whereas finding a solution to homelessness is an example of a .