Chat with AIExam 9: Social Institutions: Education, Government, and the Economy
Discuss the primary differences between the functionalist and conflict view of education. Define the concepts of "hidden curriculum" and "credentialism" as part of your answer.
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Answered by Examlex AI CopilotThe functionalist view of education sees the education system as a means of providing necessary skills and knowledge to individuals in order to prepare them for the workforce and society as a whole. It emphasizes the role of education in promoting social stability and cohesion. On the other hand, the conflict view of education sees the education system as a tool for perpetuating and reinforcing social inequalities and power dynamics. It highlights the role of education in reproducing and perpetuating existing social hierarchies and inequalities.
One of the primary differences between the two perspectives is their understanding of the purpose of education. Functionalists believe that education serves to promote meritocracy and equal opportunity, while conflict theorists argue that education perpetuates social stratification and inequality.
The concept of "hidden curriculum" refers to the unspoken or implicit lessons and values that are taught in schools through the structure and organization of the education system. This includes the transmission of societal norms, values, and attitudes that are not explicitly part of the formal curriculum. For example, the hidden curriculum may reinforce the idea that obedience, punctuality, and conformity are important traits for success in society.
"Credentialism" refers to the emphasis on obtaining educational credentials (such as degrees and certifications) as a means of determining an individual's qualifications and worth in the job market. This concept is related to the functionalist view of education, which sees education as a means of preparing individuals for the workforce. However, from a conflict perspective, credentialism can also perpetuate social inequalities by creating barriers for those who do not have access to educational opportunities or who cannot afford the credentials necessary for certain jobs.
"Who gets what, when, how", is Harold D. Lasswell's definition of
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The economy of the United States is changing, which is due partly to
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Dianne Pinderhughes is critical of the pluralist model of politics for failing to account for the exclusion of African Americans in the political process.
(33) According to G. William Domhoff the two different coalitions in the electoral arena that have exercised influence are the
(42) Charismatic authority refers to leaders who derive their authority from
(39) During an inner-city riot, the governor of a state calls up members of the National Guard to protect stores and private citizens. She is able to take this action based on the state's constitution and powers granted her by the state's legislative bodies. Her power is based on which type of authority?
(37) An example of nations reassessing the ways in which they transmit culture is the Chinese government's alterations of the history curriculum.
(28) Which sociological perspective would be most likely to emphasize the unequal distribution of power in the political system of the United States, in maintaining social, economic, and political control?
(32) Describe the similarities and differences among capitalism, socialism, and communism. Give examples to support your answer.
(32) In a public high school, certain teachers are assigned to work with college preparatory students, while others work with students who plan to go directly into the business world. This is an example of the bureaucratic characteristic of
(36) Studies show tracking programs do not necessarily identify those students with the potential to succeed.
(32) ___________ is/are designed to prevent any business from taking over so much of an industry that it gains control of the market.
(36) Today, the workforce of the United States is more reflective of the diversity of the population as ethnic minorities enter the labor force and immigrants and their children move from marginal jobs or employment in the informal economy to positions of greater visibility and responsibility. Which sociological perspective notes that workers will find themselves supervising and being supervised by people very different from themselves?
(44) Which sociological perspective observes that the bureaucratization of education increases the likelihood that students, teachers, and administrators will be dealt with fairly - that is, on the basis of rational and equitable criteria?
(37) The authority of the president and the Congress of the United States are based on legal-rational authority, according to the classification system developed by É mile Durkheim.
(32) C. Wright Mills provided many detailed case studies to substantiate his view of the power structure of the United States.
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