Exam 8: Comparing and Contrasting

Answer the following questions about the essay. -How do you think Galarza feels about America? What in the essay leads you to think this?

Deborah Tannen's paragraph compares and contrasts two topics from which category?

Unfortunately, women and men often have different ideas about what's appropriate, different ways of speaking. Many of the conversational rituals common among women are designed to take the other person's feelings into account, while many of the conversational rituals common among men are designed to maintain the one-up position, or at least avoid appearing one-down. As a result, when men and women interact-especially at work-it's often women who are at the disadvantage. Because women are not trying to avoid the one-down position, that is unfortunately where they may end up. -Deborah Tannen -Does the author organize the paragraph by topics or by points of comparison? Recently, a white woman from Texas, who would quickly describe herself as a liberal, asked me about my hometown. When I told her that in Stamps my grandmother had owned the only Negro general merchandise store since the turn of the century, she explained, "Why, you were a debutante." Ridiculous and even ludicrous. But Negro girls in small Southern towns, whether poverty-stricken or just munching along on a few of life's necessities, were given as extensive and irrelevant preparation for adulthood as rich white girls shown in magazines. Admittedly the training was not the same. While white girls learned to waltz and sit gracefully with a teacup balanced on their knees, we were lagging behind, learning the mid-Victorian values with very little money to indulge them. (Come and see Edna Lomax spending the money she made picking cotton on five balls of ecru tatting thread. Her fingers are bound to snag the work, and she'll have to repeat the stitches time and time again. But she knows that when she buys the thread.) -Maya Angelou

Read the following paragraphs and answer the questions after each paragraph. Some people say the business about the jolly fat person is a myth, that all of us chubbies are neurotic, sick, sad people. I disagree. Fat people may not be chortling all day long, but they're a hell of a lot nicer than the wizened and shriveled. Thin people turn surly, mean, and hard at a young age because they never learn the value of a hot-fudge sundae for easing tension. Thin people don't like gooey soft things because they themselves are neither gooey nor soft. They are crunchy and dull, like carrots. They go straight to the heart of the matter while fat people let things stay all blurry and hazy and vague, the way things actually are. Thin people want to face the truth. Fat people know there is no truth. One of my thin friends is always staring at complex, unsolvable problems and saying, "The key thing is… ." Fat people never say that. They know there isn't any such thing as the key thing about anything. -Suzanne Britt Jordan -What topics is Jordan comparing and contrasting? List the points for each topic.

A comparing and contrasting paragraph should be organized by ____________ or by ___________.

Choose the correct definition for each of the following underlined words from the essay. -New Year greeting cards were exchanged, showing angels and cherubs in bright colors sprinkled with grains of mica so that they glistened like gold dust.

Answer the following questions about the essay. -How effective is the author's use of comparison in convincing you that "by studying other worlds, we learn more about our own world?"

Recently, a white woman from Texas, who would quickly describe herself as a liberal, asked me about my hometown. When I told her that in Stamps my grandmother had owned the only Negro general merchandise store since the turn of the century, she explained, "Why, you were a debutante." Ridiculous and even ludicrous. But Negro girls in small Southern towns, whether poverty-stricken or just munching along on a few of life's necessities, were given as extensive and irrelevant preparation for adulthood as rich white girls shown in magazines. Admittedly the training was not the same. While white girls learned to waltz and sit gracefully with a teacup balanced on their knees, we were lagging behind, learning the mid-Victorian values with very little money to indulge them. (Come and see Edna Lomax spending the money she made picking cotton on five balls of ecru tatting thread. Her fingers are bound to snag the work, and she'll have to repeat the stitches time and time again. But she knows that when she buys the thread.) -Maya Angelou -Does the author organize the paragraph by topics or by points of comparison?

Choose the correct definition for each of the following underlined words from the essay. -Even early astronomers were able to see Mars' brightness and position changes in the sky.

Choose the correct answer for each of the following questions about the essay. -According to the narrator, if you did not speak loudly, Americans would not

Answer the following questions about the essay. -To Galarza, the American way of ______________ was strange because he could not tell if they were angry or happy.

Choose the correct answer for each of the following questions about the essay. -What is the name of the largest volcano on Mars?

Choose the correct answer for each of the following questions about the essay. -What other industries have benefitted from the lightweight, yet extremely strong materials that NASA has developed for space travel?

Choose the correct definition for each of the following underlined words from the essay. -In Mazatlán Don Salvador had told us, saluting and marching as he talked to our class, that the Cinco de Mayo was the most glorious date in human history.

Choose the correct answer for each of the following questions about the essay. -What holiday did Americans not know about?

Answer the following questions about the essay. -Throughout the essay, Galarza uses Spanish words in an essay otherwise directed toward an English-speaking audience. Why does he do so? Does this make the essay more or less confusing? Why?

Choose the correct definition for each of the following underlined words from the essay. -This was done by volunteers, the ones who knew enough English to interpret in court, on a visit to the doctor, a call at the county hospital, and who could help make out a postal money order.

Choose the correct definition for each of the following underlined words from the essay. -Scientists observe the Martian surface by using orbiting spacecraft, and they study Martian meteorites found on Earth.

Answer the following questions about the essay. -Often, Galarza would have to __________________ for non-English speakers in court.

An effective comparing and contrasting paragraph must be based on