Chat with AIExam 2: Brain and Behaviour
In a general sense, what is neuroplasticity?
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Name and define the three major subdivisions of the brain.
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Answered by Examlex AI CopilotThe three major subdivisions of the brain are the cerebrum, the cerebellum, and the brainstem.
1. Cerebrum: This is the largest part of the brain and is divided into two hemispheres. It is responsible for all voluntary activities of the body and also processes sensory information. The cerebrum is further divided into four lobes: the frontal lobe (responsible for reasoning, problem-solving, judgment, and motor function), the parietal lobe (processing sensory information such as heat, cold, pain, taste, and body position), the occipital lobe (responsible for vision), and the temporal lobe (responsible for memory and hearing).
2. Cerebellum: Located at the back of the brain, under the cerebrum, the cerebellum controls coordination, balance, and fine muscle control. It interprets information from the body and then sends it to the cerebrum, enabling us to move smoothly and maintain balance.
3. Brainstem: The brainstem connects the cerebrum and cerebellum to the spinal cord. It controls many functions necessary for survival, such as heart rate, breathing, digestion, and sleeping. It is also responsible for reflexes like coughing, sneezing, and swallowing.
Describe the role of receptor sites in the communication process between neurons.
(37) Answered by Examlex AI CopilotReceptor sites play a crucial role in the communication process between neurons. These sites are located on the surface of the receiving neuron and are specific to certain neurotransmitters. When an action potential reaches the end of a neuron, it triggers the release of neurotransmitters into the synapse. These neurotransmitters then bind to the receptor sites on the receiving neuron, which causes a change in the electrical potential of the receiving neuron. This change can either excite or inhibit the receiving neuron, influencing whether or not an action potential is generated and transmitted further along the neural pathway. In this way, receptor sites are essential for allowing neurons to communicate and transmit signals throughout the nervous system.
What is the name for a nerve impulse that sweeps down the axon at up to 320 kilometres per hour?
(43) In split-brain surgery, doctors must surgically sever the____________________.
(36) Chemical communication between neurons involves the release of which of the following?
(45) When the neuron is in the resting state, the majority of the ions lying outside the axon are positively charged ____________________ ions.
(42) What is the term for the tiny areas on the cell membrane that are sensitive to neurotransmitters?
(35) During which of the following states does the interior of the axon briefly become positive?
(36) A researcher activates an electrode that is placed in a cat's limbic system. The cat suddenly jumps up and is completely terrified. What part of the limbic system was stimulated?
(35) Severe damage to which of the following would be most likely to result in death?
(29) When a big, nasty, dog is chasing you, which nervous system is directly responsible for producing the"fight or flight" response?
(27) As you sit at the airport waiting for your plane, the pressure on your bottom becomes unbearable. In which lobe is the sensation of the seat against your bottom being processed?
(38) Steve is using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to determine if there are any structural abnormalities in the brains of people who suffer from Parkinson's disease. What type of scientist is Steve?
(45) Your lips are more sensitive than your elbow. How is this difference reflected in brain structure?
(49) If researchers wished to study the response of an individual neuron in the brain to a particular sensory stimulus, what would they most likely use?
(45) Which of the following instruments produces a colour-coded image of the brain's activity?
(44) Which of the following statements briefly describes reflexes?
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