Question 1

What is the term Merton used in referring to the rejection of cultural goals and norms, and the advocation of alternatives?

Accepted Answer

A)  innovation 
B)  retreatism 
C)  ritualism 
D)  rebellion 
E)  conformity 
A)  innovation 
B)  retreatism 
C)  ritualism 
D)  rebellion 
E)  conformity D

Question 2

List crimes against property.

Accepted Answer

Crimes against property include: theft, break and enter, possession of stolen property, and fraud.

Question 3

You have made an attempt to achieve culturally approved goals using unconventional means. Merton would call you a/an:

Accepted Answer

A)  innovator. 
B)  retreatist. 
C)  ritualist. 
D)  rebel. 
E)  role model. 
A)  innovator. 
B)  retreatist. 
C)  ritualist. 
D)  rebel. 
E)  role model. A

Question 4

What is the term for the interpretation of someone's past, consistent with his or her present deviance?

Accepted Answer

A)  retrospective labelling 
B)  projective labelling 
C)  anticipatory labelling 
D)  hindsight labelling 
E)  proactive labelling 
A)  retrospective labelling 
B)  projective labelling 
C)  anticipatory labelling 
D)  hindsight labelling 
E)  proactive labelling

Question 5

Merton's approach to deviance assumes that almost everyone in Canada has access to the means of acquiring cultural goals.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

A criticism of the social-conflict view of deviance is that it:

Accepted Answer

A)  underemphasizes the role that the rich play in defining deviance. 
B)  implies that deviance exists in all societies, whatever their economic system. 
C)  is an overly complex view of deviance. 
D)  ignores the roles of laws that serve to protect others besides the rich. 
E)  argues that deviance arises only when society treats its members equally. 
A)  underemphasizes the role that the rich play in defining deviance. 
B)  implies that deviance exists in all societies, whatever their economic system. 
C)  is an overly complex view of deviance. 
D)  ignores the roles of laws that serve to protect others besides the rich. 
E)  argues that deviance arises only when society treats its members equally.

Question 7

Biology is completely unrelated to crime.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

One society's conventions may constitute another society's deviance.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

The majority of people who live in poor communities have criminal records.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

Which of the following is one of Hirschi's four types of social controls?

Accepted Answer

A)  sanction 
B)  values 
C)  belief 
D)  strategy 
E)  punishment 
A)  sanction 
B)  values 
C)  belief 
D)  strategy 
E)  punishment

Question 11

With which statement would a labelling theorist agree?

Accepted Answer

A)  Limit the opportunity for deviance, and deviance will be reduced. 
B)  Everyone is a secondary deviant, so no effort will change deviance in society. 
C)  Reduce social strain and you will reduce labelling. 
D)  Change society's response to deviance and you will change the level of deviance in society. 
E)  Increase policing, and deviance will be reduced. 
A)  Limit the opportunity for deviance, and deviance will be reduced. 
B)  Everyone is a secondary deviant, so no effort will change deviance in society. 
C)  Reduce social strain and you will reduce labelling. 
D)  Change society's response to deviance and you will change the level of deviance in society. 
E)  Increase policing, and deviance will be reduced.

Question 12

Statistics show that crime rates in Canada have increased steadily in the past two decades.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

Select the sociological term for the recognized violation of cultural norms.

Accepted Answer

A)  crime 
B)  law violation 
C)  deviance 
D)  juvenile delinquency 
E)  role conflict 
A)  crime 
B)  law violation 
C)  deviance 
D)  juvenile delinquency 
E)  role conflict

Question 14

Adopt Hirschi's approach to deviance and control. With which statement would you agree?

Accepted Answer

A)  Deviance results from a poorly developed ego. 
B)  Deviance results from differential access to wealth. 
C)  Deviance is a frustration of ambition. 
D)  Individualism inhibits the deviance. 
E)  All of us are tempted to be deviant. 
A)  Deviance results from a poorly developed ego. 
B)  Deviance results from differential access to wealth. 
C)  Deviance is a frustration of ambition. 
D)  Individualism inhibits the deviance. 
E)  All of us are tempted to be deviant.

Question 15

Which of the following is true with respect to social class and crime?

Accepted Answer

A)  Police assess the social class of arrested persons. 
B)  Research has long indicated that criminality is more widespread among people of lower social position. 
C)  The connection between class and crime is straightforward. 
D)  Most people living in the poorest areas have criminal records. 
E)  The connection between social standing and criminality has little to do with the type of crime. 
A)  Police assess the social class of arrested persons. 
B)  Research has long indicated that criminality is more widespread among people of lower social position. 
C)  The connection between class and crime is straightforward. 
D)  Most people living in the poorest areas have criminal records. 
E)  The connection between social standing and criminality has little to do with the type of crime.

Question 16

Which of the following illustrate the "medicalization of deviance"?

Accepted Answer

A)  promiscuity being redefined as a "mental addiction" 
B)  drinking too much being redefined as "drunkenness" 
C)  aggression being redefined as a "social problem" 
D)  theft being redefined as "impulse control disorder" 
E)  excessive hoarding being redefined as "recessive compulsive disorder" 
A)  promiscuity being redefined as a "mental addiction" 
B)  drinking too much being redefined as "drunkenness" 
C)  aggression being redefined as a "social problem" 
D)  theft being redefined as "impulse control disorder" 
E)  excessive hoarding being redefined as "recessive compulsive disorder"

Question 17

Which of the following is true regarding the disproportionate representation of Aboriginals in crime statistics?

Accepted Answer

A)  White police are quicker to arrest Aboriginals. 
B)  Aboriginals are disproportionately poor, so are less likely to engage in street crime. 
C)  Research has shown that Aboriginals have a greater tendency to be criminal. 
D)  The crime statistics include white-collar crimes, which are more likely to be committed by Aboriginals. 
E)  Aboriginals are underrepresented in Canadian prisons. 
A)  White police are quicker to arrest Aboriginals. 
B)  Aboriginals are disproportionately poor, so are less likely to engage in street crime. 
C)  Research has shown that Aboriginals have a greater tendency to be criminal. 
D)  The crime statistics include white-collar crimes, which are more likely to be committed by Aboriginals. 
E)  Aboriginals are underrepresented in Canadian prisons.

Question 18

Cloward and Ohlin extend Merton's theory of deviance in asserting that:

Accepted Answer

A)  for criminal deviance to result, it is necessary to have illegitimate opportunity available. 
B)  criminal subcultures offering illegitimate opportunity for wealth are particularly likely to spring up in the poorest neighbourhoods. 
C)  those who finally achieve success using criminal means become part of retreatist subcultures. 
D)  criminal subcultures are supported mainly by the wealthiest members of society. 
E)  isolated individuals are most likely to become criminals. 
A)  for criminal deviance to result, it is necessary to have illegitimate opportunity available. 
B)  criminal subcultures offering illegitimate opportunity for wealth are particularly likely to spring up in the poorest neighbourhoods. 
C)  those who finally achieve success using criminal means become part of retreatist subcultures. 
D)  criminal subcultures are supported mainly by the wealthiest members of society. 
E)  isolated individuals are most likely to become criminals.

Question 19

Parole and probation are both examples of community-based corrections.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

A proponent of Sutherland's differential association theory would do which of the following to reduce crime?

Accepted Answer

A)  increase the relative frequency of association with those who discourage norm violation 
B)  remove the authorities' ability to label individuals as deviant 
C)  overhaul peoples' deviant identities 
D)  change the discrepancies between society's goals and the means to attain them 
E)  increase contact between adults and youth 
A)  increase the relative frequency of association with those who discourage norm violation 
B)  remove the authorities' ability to label individuals as deviant 
C)  overhaul peoples' deviant identities 
D)  change the discrepancies between society's goals and the means to attain them 
E)  increase contact between adults and youth

What is the term Merton used in referring to the rejection of cultural goals and norms, and the advocation of alternatives?

List crimes against property.

You have made an attempt to achieve culturally approved goals using unconventional means. Merton would call you a/an:

What is the term for the interpretation of someone's past, consistent with his or her present deviance?

Merton's approach to deviance assumes that almost everyone in Canada has access to the means of acquiring cultural goals.

A criticism of the social-conflict view of deviance is that it:

Biology is completely unrelated to crime.

One society's conventions may constitute another society's deviance.

The majority of people who live in poor communities have criminal records.

Which of the following is one of Hirschi's four types of social controls?

With which statement would a labelling theorist agree?

Statistics show that crime rates in Canada have increased steadily in the past two decades.

Select the sociological term for the recognized violation of cultural norms.

Adopt Hirschi's approach to deviance and control. With which statement would you agree?

Which of the following is true with respect to social class and crime?

Which of the following illustrate the "medicalization of deviance"?

Which of the following is true regarding the disproportionate representation of Aboriginals in crime statistics?

Cloward and Ohlin extend Merton's theory of deviance in asserting that:

Parole and probation are both examples of community-based corrections.

A proponent of Sutherland's differential association theory would do which of the following to reduce crime?

Sociology: Perspective, Theory, and Method

Culture

Socialization: From Infancy to Old Age

Social Interaction in Everyday Life

Groups and Organizations

Sexuality and Society

Social Stratification

Global Stratification

Gender Stratification

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Social Change: Modern and Postmodern Societies

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Exam 7: Deviance

What is the term Merton used in referring to the rejection of cultural goals and norms, and the advocation of alternatives?

List crimes against property.

You have made an attempt to achieve culturally approved goals using unconventional means. Merton would call you a/an:

What is the term for the interpretation of someone's past, consistent with his or her present deviance?

Merton's approach to deviance assumes that almost everyone in Canada has access to the means of acquiring cultural goals.

A criticism of the social-conflict view of deviance is that it:

Biology is completely unrelated to crime.

One society's conventions may constitute another society's deviance.

The majority of people who live in poor communities have criminal records.

Which of the following is one of Hirschi's four types of social controls?

With which statement would a labelling theorist agree?

Statistics show that crime rates in Canada have increased steadily in the past two decades.

Select the sociological term for the recognized violation of cultural norms.

Adopt Hirschi's approach to deviance and control. With which statement would you agree?

Which of the following is true with respect to social class and crime?

Which of the following illustrate the "medicalization of deviance"?

Which of the following is true regarding the disproportionate representation of Aboriginals in crime statistics?

Cloward and Ohlin extend Merton's theory of deviance in asserting that:

Parole and probation are both examples of community-based corrections.

A proponent of Sutherland's differential association theory would do which of the following to reduce crime?

Sociology: Perspective, Theory, and Method

Culture

Socialization: From Infancy to Old Age

Social Interaction in Everyday Life

Groups and Organizations

Sexuality and Society

Social Stratification

Global Stratification

Gender Stratification

Race and Ethnicity

Economics and Politics

Family and Religion

Education, Health, and Medicine

Population, Urbanization, and Environment

Social Change: Modern and Postmodern Societies

Filters