Question 1

A major contribution of Darwin's work was that

Accepted Answer

A)  evolution has no direction. 
B)  evolution acts on existing variation. 
C)  new variation comes from mutation. 
D)  all of the above 
E)  A and B only 
A)  evolution has no direction. 
B)  evolution acts on existing variation. 
C)  new variation comes from mutation. 
D)  all of the above 
E)  A and B only E

Question 2

Who co-presented the theory of natural selection with Darwin at a meeting of the Linnaean Society of London?

Accepted Answer

A)  James Hutton. 
B)  Herbert Spencer. 
C)  Henry Morgan. 
D)  Alfred Russel Wallace. 
E)  Thomas Chalmers. 
A)  James Hutton. 
B)  Herbert Spencer. 
C)  Henry Morgan. 
D)  Alfred Russel Wallace. 
E)  Thomas Chalmers. D

Question 3

What is one adaptations to terrestrial life exhibited by reptiles?

Accepted Answer

development of amniotic eggs for reproduction.

Question 4

The force of natural selection may involve easily perceivable changes over time, making it easy to observe directly.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

Once speciation occurs, the evolutionary process cannot be reversed.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

In evolutionary terms, adaptations represent

Accepted Answer

A)  traits that enable an organism to enjoy the taste of food items. 
B)  traits that ensure an organism will live an average life. 
C)  traits that individual organisms learn in their lifetimes. 
D)  traits that improve the probability of surviving and leaving offspring that, themselves, survive and reproduce. 
E)  traits that give all individuals in a breeding population an equal likelihood of survival. 
A)  traits that enable an organism to enjoy the taste of food items. 
B)  traits that ensure an organism will live an average life. 
C)  traits that individual organisms learn in their lifetimes. 
D)  traits that improve the probability of surviving and leaving offspring that, themselves, survive and reproduce. 
E)  traits that give all individuals in a breeding population an equal likelihood of survival.

Question 7

One of the major components in the development of the idea of evolution was an understanding of the age of the earth

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

In the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries, Buffon, Hutton and Lyell used this sort of evidence to advance the concept of uniformitarianism.

Accepted Answer

A)  anthropological 
B)  biological 
C)  geological 
D)  geographical 
E)  sociological 
A)  anthropological 
B)  biological 
C)  geological 
D)  geographical 
E)  sociological

Question 9

Once speciation has occurred

Accepted Answer

A)  evolution can still be reversed. 
B)  the new species can no longer mate with other species related to the parent population. 
C)  offspring of the new species are not viable. 
D)  mutations are limited. 
E)  offspring are sterile. 
A)  evolution can still be reversed. 
B)  the new species can no longer mate with other species related to the parent population. 
C)  offspring of the new species are not viable. 
D)  mutations are limited. 
E)  offspring are sterile.

Question 10

Evolution will ensure that new strains of common diseases will become less frequent than their original ones because of natural selection.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

In the mid-seventeenth century, Irish cleric Archbishop James Ussher calculated the age of the earth to be 4 million years.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

The increased prevalence of drug resistant forms of diseases is a result of

Accepted Answer

A)  natural selection. 
B)  acquired inheritance. 
C)  poor medical condition. 
D)  migration. 
E)  increased medical costs. 
A)  natural selection. 
B)  acquired inheritance. 
C)  poor medical condition. 
D)  migration. 
E)  increased medical costs.

Question 13

Lamarck argued that lower forms of life progress toward greater complexity and perfection.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

According to Darwin's theory of evolution, humans descended from monkeys.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

Humans were classified in the order Primates, along with monkeys and apes, by

Accepted Answer

A)  Linnaeus. 
B)  Lamarck. 
C)  Darwin. 
D)  Aristotle. 
E)  Plato. 
A)  Linnaeus. 
B)  Lamarck. 
C)  Darwin. 
D)  Aristotle. 
E)  Plato.

Question 16

Sociocultural anthropologist Marshall D. Sahlins has suggested that both biological and cultural evolution move in two directions at the same time, producing diversity and progress.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

The extinction of the dinosaurs 65 million years ago apparently contributed to

Accepted Answer

A)  the near extinction of all reptiles. 
B)  the diversification of mammals into a variety of new evolutionary niches. 
C)  many evolutionary niches remaining permanently unoccupied. 
D)  the evolution of mammal-like reptiles. 
E)  the evolution of the amniotic egg. 
A)  the near extinction of all reptiles. 
B)  the diversification of mammals into a variety of new evolutionary niches. 
C)  many evolutionary niches remaining permanently unoccupied. 
D)  the evolution of mammal-like reptiles. 
E)  the evolution of the amniotic egg.

Question 18

For Lamarck, the process of evolutionary change by the inheritance of acquired characteristics was accompanied by

Accepted Answer

A)  organisms always having changing needs. 
B)  change in future generations that was more and more rapid. 
C)  environmental conditions that provided organisms with all they needed. 
D)  organisms inevitably remaining imperfectly adapted to the environments. 
E)  organisms exhibiting a progressive move towards greater complexity and perfection. 
A)  organisms always having changing needs. 
B)  change in future generations that was more and more rapid. 
C)  environmental conditions that provided organisms with all they needed. 
D)  organisms inevitably remaining imperfectly adapted to the environments. 
E)  organisms exhibiting a progressive move towards greater complexity and perfection.

Question 19

English natural scientist Robert Hooke

Accepted Answer

A)  had virtually ignored fossils. 
B)  had thought erosion must have destroyed most of the fossils that ever existed. 
C)  had thought extinct plants and animals were not fossilized. 
D)  had thought that fossils were merely tricks of nature. 
E)  had thought that fossils were the remains of plants and animals that became extinct as the earth changed. 
A)  had virtually ignored fossils. 
B)  had thought erosion must have destroyed most of the fossils that ever existed. 
C)  had thought extinct plants and animals were not fossilized. 
D)  had thought that fossils were merely tricks of nature. 
E)  had thought that fossils were the remains of plants and animals that became extinct as the earth changed.

Question 20

Cuvier's theory of catastrophism presented a shrewd philosophical argument because

Accepted Answer

A)  it convincingly argued that lamarck was only half right -- life was divinely created and then changed through the inheritance of acquired characteristics. 
B)  it allowed that extinctions could occur through natural disasters, and these were followed by the divine creation of new life forms. 
C)  it assumed that just as species were fixed and unchanging, the earth's geology must also be stable and unchanging. 
D)  it argued forcefully that global catastrophes could never really wipe out all life on earth. 
E)  it argued that Noah's Flood was the only catastrophic event in the earth's history and, therefore, the earth must be young. 
A)  it convincingly argued that lamarck was only half right -- life was divinely created and then changed through the inheritance of acquired characteristics. 
B)  it allowed that extinctions could occur through natural disasters, and these were followed by the divine creation of new life forms. 
C)  it assumed that just as species were fixed and unchanging, the earth's geology must also be stable and unchanging. 
D)  it argued forcefully that global catastrophes could never really wipe out all life on earth. 
E)  it argued that Noah's Flood was the only catastrophic event in the earth's history and, therefore, the earth must be young.

A major contribution of Darwin's work was that

Who co-presented the theory of natural selection with Darwin at a meeting of the Linnaean Society of London?

What is one adaptations to terrestrial life exhibited by reptiles?

The force of natural selection may involve easily perceivable changes over time, making it easy to observe directly.

Once speciation occurs, the evolutionary process cannot be reversed.

In evolutionary terms, adaptations represent

One of the major components in the development of the idea of evolution was an understanding of the age of the earth

In the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries, Buffon, Hutton and Lyell used this sort of evidence to advance the concept of uniformitarianism.

Once speciation has occurred

Evolution will ensure that new strains of common diseases will become less frequent than their original ones because of natural selection.

In the mid-seventeenth century, Irish cleric Archbishop James Ussher calculated the age of the earth to be 4 million years.

The increased prevalence of drug resistant forms of diseases is a result of

Lamarck argued that lower forms of life progress toward greater complexity and perfection.

According to Darwin's theory of evolution, humans descended from monkeys.

Humans were classified in the order Primates, along with monkeys and apes, by

Sociocultural anthropologist Marshall D. Sahlins has suggested that both biological and cultural evolution move in two directions at the same time, producing diversity and progress.

The extinction of the dinosaurs 65 million years ago apparently contributed to

For Lamarck, the process of evolutionary change by the inheritance of acquired characteristics was accompanied by

English natural scientist Robert Hooke

Cuvier's theory of catastrophism presented a shrewd philosophical argument because

What Is Anthropology?

Uncovering the Past: Tools and Techniques

Reconstructing the Past: Analysis and Interpretation

Modern Evolutionary Theory

Human Variation

The Living Primates

Primate Evolution: From Early Primates to Hominoids

Early Hominins

Homo Erectus and Archaic Homo Sapiens

Modern Homo Sapiens

Origins of Food Production and Settled Life

Origins of Cities and States

Applied Anthropology: Physical Anthropology and Archaeology

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Exam 4: Historical Development of Evolutionary Theory

A major contribution of Darwin's work was that

Who co-presented the theory of natural selection with Darwin at a meeting of the Linnaean Society of London?

What is one adaptations to terrestrial life exhibited by reptiles?

The force of natural selection may involve easily perceivable changes over time, making it easy to observe directly.

Once speciation occurs, the evolutionary process cannot be reversed.

In evolutionary terms, adaptations represent

One of the major components in the development of the idea of evolution was an understanding of the age of the earth

In the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries, Buffon, Hutton and Lyell used this sort of evidence to advance the concept of uniformitarianism.

Once speciation has occurred

Evolution will ensure that new strains of common diseases will become less frequent than their original ones because of natural selection.

In the mid-seventeenth century, Irish cleric Archbishop James Ussher calculated the age of the earth to be 4 million years.

The increased prevalence of drug resistant forms of diseases is a result of

Lamarck argued that lower forms of life progress toward greater complexity and perfection.

According to Darwin's theory of evolution, humans descended from monkeys.

Humans were classified in the order Primates, along with monkeys and apes, by

Sociocultural anthropologist Marshall D. Sahlins has suggested that both biological and cultural evolution move in two directions at the same time, producing diversity and progress.

The extinction of the dinosaurs 65 million years ago apparently contributed to

For Lamarck, the process of evolutionary change by the inheritance of acquired characteristics was accompanied by

English natural scientist Robert Hooke

Cuvier's theory of catastrophism presented a shrewd philosophical argument because

What Is Anthropology?

Uncovering the Past: Tools and Techniques

Reconstructing the Past: Analysis and Interpretation

Modern Evolutionary Theory

Human Variation

The Living Primates

Primate Evolution: From Early Primates to Hominoids

Early Hominins

Homo Erectus and Archaic Homo Sapiens

Modern Homo Sapiens

Origins of Food Production and Settled Life

Origins of Cities and States

Applied Anthropology: Physical Anthropology and Archaeology

Filters