Question 1

Differentiate between individualism and collectivism.

Accepted Answer

The United States and Canada are individualistic cultures in which people tend to value personal successes and accomplishments.We like winners and people who stand out,and we tend to give them personal credit for their successes.Likewise,we tend to blame people for their personal failures.However,cultures that value group success over individual achievement have a different set of values.In collectivistic cultures,such as China and India,community cooperation is valued more than individual distinction,and people from those countries tend to favor external rather than internal attributions.

Question 2

Out-group bias occurs when people,such as students,rate other groups more positively on favorable qualities such as intelligence than they rate their own group.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  False

Question 3

What effect does anger have on the in-group/out-group bias?

Accepted Answer

A)  Anger produces negative attitudes toward the out-group. 
B)  Anger has no effect on attitudes toward the out-group. 
C)  Anger produces positive attitudes toward the out-group. 
D)  Anger produces positive attitudes toward the in-group. 
A)  Anger produces negative attitudes toward the out-group. 
B)  Anger has no effect on attitudes toward the out-group. 
C)  Anger produces positive attitudes toward the out-group. 
D)  Anger produces positive attitudes toward the in-group. A

Question 4

Which of the following is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  Baumeister and Cairns (1992) found that people paid less attention to unfavorable information about themselves. 
B)  Baumeister and Cairns (1992) found that people remembered less favorable information about themselves than favorable information. 
C)  Baumeister and Cairns (1992) found that people paid more attention to and remembered more favorable information about themselves than unfavorable information. 
D)  Campbell (1986) found that people tend to convince themselves that their bad traits are unusual and their good traits are common in others. 
A)  Baumeister and Cairns (1992) found that people paid less attention to unfavorable information about themselves. 
B)  Baumeister and Cairns (1992) found that people remembered less favorable information about themselves than favorable information. 
C)  Baumeister and Cairns (1992) found that people paid more attention to and remembered more favorable information about themselves than unfavorable information. 
D)  Campbell (1986) found that people tend to convince themselves that their bad traits are unusual and their good traits are common in others.

Question 5

Identify three types of errors that result from self-perception.

Accepted Answer

1.Self-handicapping

Question 6

Which of the following is NOT true?

Accepted Answer

A)  Tang and Hall (1995) found that contingent reward can mitigate the overjustification effect. 
B)  Wimperis and Farr (1979) found that subjects who received a reward only if they performed well outperformed subjects in the noncontingent condition, thus avoiding the overjustification effect. 
C)  Being rewarded regardless of how well you perform may be the root cause behind the overjustification effect. 
D)  Research has found that lack of reward influences the overjustification effect. 
A)  Tang and Hall (1995) found that contingent reward can mitigate the overjustification effect. 
B)  Wimperis and Farr (1979) found that subjects who received a reward only if they performed well outperformed subjects in the noncontingent condition, thus avoiding the overjustification effect. 
C)  Being rewarded regardless of how well you perform may be the root cause behind the overjustification effect. 
D)  Research has found that lack of reward influences the overjustification effect.

Question 7

With the fundamental attribution error,people tend to focus on the influence of situational causes and downplay personal causes of other people's behavior.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

According to the principle of ______,we tend to classify other people into groups on the basis of certain social characteristics.

Accepted Answer

A)  social learning 
B)  social categorization 
C)  self-handicapping 
D)  self-serving bias 
A)  social learning 
B)  social categorization 
C)  self-handicapping 
D)  self-serving bias

Question 9

Suppose (a)you didn't study enough for this test,(b)you think you are going to do very well on this test,even though many times in the past you have done poorly on tests that involve multiple-choice questions,and (c)you eventually get a poor grade on the test and attribute the grade to an unfair test.The above three events (a,b,and c)reflect the likely operation of which concepts (in this order): ______,______,and ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  self-serving bias; belief perseverance; overjustification effect 
B)  belief perseverance; overjustification effect; fundamental attribution error 
C)  self-handicapping; belief perseverance; self-serving bias 
D)  self-handicapping; fundamental attribution error; overjustification effect 
A)  self-serving bias; belief perseverance; overjustification effect 
B)  belief perseverance; overjustification effect; fundamental attribution error 
C)  self-handicapping; belief perseverance; self-serving bias 
D)  self-handicapping; fundamental attribution error; overjustification effect

Question 10

Which of the following is NOT true?

Accepted Answer

A)  Students tend to remember their academic successes more than their failures. 
B)  Students tend to compare themselves with weaker students. 
C)  Students tend to believe that their positive academic behaviors are rare compared with peers. 
D)  Students tend to believe that they are worse students than they might actually be. 
A)  Students tend to remember their academic successes more than their failures. 
B)  Students tend to compare themselves with weaker students. 
C)  Students tend to believe that their positive academic behaviors are rare compared with peers. 
D)  Students tend to believe that they are worse students than they might actually be.

Question 11

Which is NOT true of Coren's (1993)study of attributions and motivations for lecturing on a specific topic?

Accepted Answer

A)  Coren's research supports the notion that students do not believe that faculty members believe everything they teach. 
B)  Coren found that students made negative attributions about professors who lectured that genetic factors could explain some racial differences in IQ scores. 
C)  Coren found that sex differences could be due to genetic factors. 
D)  Coren's research supports the notion that students think that faculty members believe everything they teach. 
A)  Coren's research supports the notion that students do not believe that faculty members believe everything they teach. 
B)  Coren found that students made negative attributions about professors who lectured that genetic factors could explain some racial differences in IQ scores. 
C)  Coren found that sex differences could be due to genetic factors. 
D)  Coren's research supports the notion that students think that faculty members believe everything they teach.

Question 12

In an experiment by Lepper,Greene,and Nisbett (1973),children drew pictures with markers.Some were given an expected award after they drew their pictures,some were given an unexpected award after they drew their pictures,and some received no award.In follow-up sessions 1 to 2 weeks later,which group(s)spent the lowest amount of time drawing pictures?

Accepted Answer

A)  those who got the expected award 
B)  those who got the unexpected award 
C)  those who got no award 
D)  all groups spent an equal amount of time drawing pictures 
A)  those who got the expected award 
B)  those who got the unexpected award 
C)  those who got no award 
D)  all groups spent an equal amount of time drawing pictures

Question 13

Linville,Fischer,and Salovey (1989)had both undergraduate students and people living in a retirement community rate both hypothetical elderly people and hypothetical college students on several personality attributes.This research was used,in particular,as a demonstration of ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  belief perseverance 
B)  the out-group homogeneity bias 
C)  the fundamental attribution error 
D)  the self-serving bias 
A)  belief perseverance 
B)  the out-group homogeneity bias 
C)  the fundamental attribution error 
D)  the self-serving bias

Question 14

Chapter 16 ("Classroom")discusses three forms of self-perception.Explain how two of the three self-perceptions may affect students in the classroom environment.

Accepted Answer

Students may self-handicap by giving les

Question 15

Research on self-handicapping suggests that

Accepted Answer

A)  students who tend to engage in self-handicapping also tend to have lower grade point averages 
B)  engaging in self-handicapping helps to create positive impressions in others but only in the short term 
C)  women (but not men) tend to self-handicap through strategies that will actually hamper their performance 
D)  only men tend to claim excuses ahead of time 
A)  students who tend to engage in self-handicapping also tend to have lower grade point averages 
B)  engaging in self-handicapping helps to create positive impressions in others but only in the short term 
C)  women (but not men) tend to self-handicap through strategies that will actually hamper their performance 
D)  only men tend to claim excuses ahead of time

Question 16

Which of the following is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  Depressed people tend to be more accurate than nondepressed people with respect to evaluating their abilities. 
B)  Research on the self-serving bias suggests that most of us view our abilities and talents through rose-colored glasses. 
C)  According to the principle of the self-serving bias, we have a tendency to attribute our negative outcomes to internal causes (e.g., our traits or characteristics) but to attribute our positive outcomes to external causes. 
D)  If people see an internal reason (e.g., reward or punishment) for their behavior, they may view the behavior as controlled by the external reason (i.e., the reward or punishment) rather than see it as extrinsically appealing. 
A)  Depressed people tend to be more accurate than nondepressed people with respect to evaluating their abilities. 
B)  Research on the self-serving bias suggests that most of us view our abilities and talents through rose-colored glasses. 
C)  According to the principle of the self-serving bias, we have a tendency to attribute our negative outcomes to internal causes (e.g., our traits or characteristics) but to attribute our positive outcomes to external causes. 
D)  If people see an internal reason (e.g., reward or punishment) for their behavior, they may view the behavior as controlled by the external reason (i.e., the reward or punishment) rather than see it as extrinsically appealing.

Question 17

Jones and Harris (1967)conducted an experiment in which participants read position essays that had been written by someone who had either chosen the particular position or had been assigned to take the position.This research was cited as demonstrating ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  out-group bias 
B)  the fundamental attribution error 
C)  belief perseverance 
D)  self-serving bias 
A)  out-group bias 
B)  the fundamental attribution error 
C)  belief perseverance 
D)  self-serving bias

Question 18

As a means of reducing the negative classroom consequences of ______,students and instructors should be encouraged to recognize that they share common academic goals.

Accepted Answer

A)  the overjustification effect 
B)  the fundamental attribution error 
C)  social categorization 
D)  the self-serving bias 
A)  the overjustification effect 
B)  the fundamental attribution error 
C)  social categorization 
D)  the self-serving bias

Question 19

Which of the following is true with respect to the overjustification effect?

Accepted Answer

A)  Fortunately, most parents intuitively recognize circumstances involving their children in which the overjustification effect is apt to occur. 
B)  Helping students to focus on the importance of achieving good grades tends to undermine the overjustification effect. 
C)  Hennessey and Zbikowski (1993) effectively immunized fourth graders against the overjustification effect by having older role models come to their classes to speak with them about the joy of learning. 
D)  Tang and Hall (1995) found that contingent reward (reward given only for good performance) can mitigate the overjustification effect. 
A)  Fortunately, most parents intuitively recognize circumstances involving their children in which the overjustification effect is apt to occur. 
B)  Helping students to focus on the importance of achieving good grades tends to undermine the overjustification effect. 
C)  Hennessey and Zbikowski (1993) effectively immunized fourth graders against the overjustification effect by having older role models come to their classes to speak with them about the joy of learning. 
D)  Tang and Hall (1995) found that contingent reward (reward given only for good performance) can mitigate the overjustification effect.

Question 20

Research on self-handicapping does NOT suggest that

Accepted Answer

A)  men claim excuses for possible failure ahead of time 
B)  women claim excuses for possible failure ahead of time 
C)  men tend to engage in strategies that will impair their performance 
D)  women tend to engage in strategies that will impair their performance 
A)  men claim excuses for possible failure ahead of time 
B)  women claim excuses for possible failure ahead of time 
C)  men tend to engage in strategies that will impair their performance 
D)  women tend to engage in strategies that will impair their performance

Differentiate between individualism and collectivism.

Out-group bias occurs when people,such as students,rate other groups more positively on favorable qualities such as intelligence than they rate their own group.

What effect does anger have on the in-group/out-group bias?

Which of the following is true?

Identify three types of errors that result from self-perception.

Which of the following is NOT true?

With the fundamental attribution error,people tend to focus on the influence of situational causes and downplay personal causes of other people's behavior.

According to the principle of ______,we tend to classify other people into groups on the basis of certain social characteristics.

Which of the following is NOT true?

Which is NOT true of Coren's (1993)study of attributions and motivations for lecturing on a specific topic?

Linville,Fischer,and Salovey (1989)had both undergraduate students and people living in a retirement community rate both hypothetical elderly people and hypothetical college students on several personality attributes.This research was used,in particular,as a demonstration of ______.

Chapter 16 ("Classroom")discusses three forms of self-perception.Explain how two of the three self-perceptions may affect students in the classroom environment.

Research on self-handicapping suggests that

Which of the following is true?

Jones and Harris (1967)conducted an experiment in which participants read position essays that had been written by someone who had either chosen the particular position or had been assigned to take the position.This research was cited as demonstrating ______.

As a means of reducing the negative classroom consequences of ______,students and instructors should be encouraged to recognize that they share common academic goals.

Which of the following is true with respect to the overjustification effect?

Research on self-handicapping does NOT suggest that

Defining the Field of Applied Social Psychology

Social Psychological Theory

Research Methods in Applied Social Psychology

Intervention and Evaluation

Applying Social Psychology to Clinical and Counseling Psychology

Applying Social Psychology to Sports Teams

Applying Social Psychology to the Media

Applying Social Psychology to Health

Applying Social Psychology to Education

Applying Social Psychology to Organizations

Applying Social Psychology to the Criminal Justice System

Applying Social Psychology to the Community

Applying Social Psychology to the Environment

Applying Social Psychology to Diversity

Applying Social Psychology to Personal Relationships

Applying Social Psychology to the Good Life: Balancing Optimism and Pessimism

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Exam 16: Applying Social Psychology to the Classroom

Differentiate between individualism and collectivism.

Out-group bias occurs when people,such as students,rate other groups more positively on favorable qualities such as intelligence than they rate their own group.

What effect does anger have on the in-group/out-group bias?

Which of the following is true?

Identify three types of errors that result from self-perception.

Which of the following is NOT true?

With the fundamental attribution error,people tend to focus on the influence of situational causes and downplay personal causes of other people's behavior.

According to the principle of ______,we tend to classify other people into groups on the basis of certain social characteristics.

Which of the following is NOT true?

Which is NOT true of Coren's (1993)study of attributions and motivations for lecturing on a specific topic?

Linville,Fischer,and Salovey (1989)had both undergraduate students and people living in a retirement community rate both hypothetical elderly people and hypothetical college students on several personality attributes.This research was used,in particular,as a demonstration of ______.

Chapter 16 ("Classroom")discusses three forms of self-perception.Explain how two of the three self-perceptions may affect students in the classroom environment.

Research on self-handicapping suggests that

Which of the following is true?

Jones and Harris (1967)conducted an experiment in which participants read position essays that had been written by someone who had either chosen the particular position or had been assigned to take the position.This research was cited as demonstrating ______.

As a means of reducing the negative classroom consequences of ______,students and instructors should be encouraged to recognize that they share common academic goals.

Which of the following is true with respect to the overjustification effect?

Research on self-handicapping does NOT suggest that

Defining the Field of Applied Social Psychology

Social Psychological Theory

Research Methods in Applied Social Psychology

Intervention and Evaluation

Applying Social Psychology to Clinical and Counseling Psychology

Applying Social Psychology to Sports Teams

Applying Social Psychology to the Media

Applying Social Psychology to Health

Applying Social Psychology to Education

Applying Social Psychology to Organizations

Applying Social Psychology to the Criminal Justice System

Applying Social Psychology to the Community

Applying Social Psychology to the Environment

Applying Social Psychology to Diversity

Applying Social Psychology to Personal Relationships

Applying Social Psychology to the Good Life: Balancing Optimism and Pessimism

Filters