Exam 34: Cancer

An allele known as BRCA1 is often found in women with breast and ovarian cancer.However,some women develop these cancers and do not have the BRCA1 allele.In addition,some women who have BRCA1 never develop breast or ovarian cancer.How can this be explained?

An oncologist (a physician that specializes in cancer)compares two biopsy samples by looking at the percentage of cells in mitosis.Sample #1 has 15% of cells in mitosis and Sample #2 has 8% of cells in mitosis.These samples are of the same tissue type.Which sample is likely to be cancerous and why? Why is it important that the two samples being compared came from the same tissue type?

Which of the following cancers is often not detected until a late stage because of a lack of routine diagnostic testing?

Which of the following is a typical means of halting normal cell division?

If a person had cancer that had already metastasized by the time of diagnosis,the treatment options at this point would most likely include ________.

Describe the cancer stem cell hypothesis.How might this explain the inability of traditional cancer treatments such as radiation and chemotherapy to completely eradicate tumors?

________ is a treatment method in which rapidly dividing cells are killed using drugs instead of radiation.

The removal and analysis of a piece of tissue that is suspected to be cancerous is called a(n)________.

Which type of cancer had the largest percentage of deaths among women in 2009?

Which statement is not correct concerning cell division and cancer?

An adult patient has just received a diagnosis of brain cancer and is undergoing treatment.Based on what you know about cell division and cancer,why does this seem unusual?

________ can be detected through a blood test that detects a specific antigen called PSA.

Cells can activate a genetic suicide program in response to a signal in the body.This programmed cell death is called ________.

Certain new cancer therapies deal with the inhibition of angiogenesis (formation of blood vessels).How would inhibition of blood vessel formation be beneficial in terms of treating cancer?

Explain why malignant tumors are more dangerous than benign tumors.

How does chemotherapy work as a treatment for cancer? Why is it not always effective?

Which of the following is not a characteristic of cancerous cells?

In order to be successful,chemotherapy drugs have to stop cell division.The most likely method for this would be to ________.

Dietary choices that can increase the risk of certain cancers include ________.

A(n)________ is an abnormal mass of tissue that is surrounded by a capsule of connective tissue and that usually remains at the site where it forms.