Exam 6: Learning

Physical exercise yields lasting cognitive benefits for an adult of any age.

The organization of long-term memory is MOST nearly analogous to the organization of:

Deep processing is to shallow processing as elaborative rehearsal is to maintenance rehearsal.

Psychologists first learned about the hippocampus's involvement in memory through the detailed study of a single individual with brain damage, namely Henry Molaison (H. M.). The in-depth study of H. M. exemplifies the _____ research method in psychology.

How does the brain's memory system differ from that of a computer?

Tulving and Craik conducted the original "scuba diver" studies of the encoding specificity principle.

Process is to structure as _____ memory is to _____ memory.

Declarative memory is to nondeclarative memory as _____ memory is to _____ memory.

The primacy and recency effects are components of the serial position effect.

In Godden and Baddeley's (1975) pioneering "scuba diver" study of the encoding specificity principle, the match between encoding and retrieval contexts is a(n) _____ variable.

Martina is reminded of the levels of processing framework when one of her professors tells the class, "You'll probably do better on the test if you put more effort into understanding what the chapter's trying to say in the first place."

Doing practice tests may improve memory for the material.

Omar experienced a dissociative fugue state. He suddenly snapped out of it in front of a pet-supplies display in a Boise, Idaho discount store; he had no memory whatsoever of his previous life in Greensboro, North Carolina. Omar's amnesia is best described as:

How much information can short-term memory hold, and how long can it hold it? Describe one strategy one might use to overcome the capacity limitation of short-term memory. Provide a concrete example of how one might use this strategy when studying course materials.

One's current emotional state has little impact on the types of memories one retrieves.

A "one-hit-wonder" song popular 5 years ago comes on the radio. "I used to love this song!" Clyde exclaims. "Who sang it?" "Oh! I know! It's . . . it's . . . Darn! It's on the tip of my tongue!" Ralph responds. Ralph is experiencing a failure of the memory process called:

Psychologists use the word _____ to refer to the processes whereby the brain collects, stores, and retrieves information for later use.

The primacy effect refers to the fact that:

Ebbinghaus himself was the only participant in his memory studies.

The encoding specificity principle refers to the effect on memory of the match between learning and retrieval contexts.