Exam 4: The Constitution: Focus on Application to Business

The Fourteenth Amendment has been a powerful device for extending federal constitutional guarantees to the states and preventing states from passing laws diminishing federal constitutional protection.

In South-Central Timber Development v.Wunnicke,concerning federal and state regulation of Alaska timber processing,the Supreme Court held:

The ______ Amendment to the U.S.Constitution gives the federal government the power to impose income taxes.

If Congress imposes a regulation on an industry that has a limiting effect,the Supreme Court has held that,in general:

The Constitution gives Congress the power to tax in:

In New York v.Burger,a junkyard owner claimed that a New York statute permitting warrantless searches of junkyards was a violation of the 4th Amendment.The Supreme Court held that the statute was:

When state action either shocks the conscience or offends judicial notions of fairness and human dignity it is violating:

In McCulloch v.Maryland,concerning a tax imposed by Maryland on a national bank,the Supreme Court held:

The British constitution has two central principles which are:

Based on the Fourth Amendment,the exclusionary rule allows evidence:

Katzenbach v.McClung involved a restaurant that served food to black customers only at take-out windows.White customers would be seated.The Supreme Court held that the:

The state of California told the owners of a beach-front house that,before it would issue a building permit to allow expansion of the house,the owners had to agree to allow public use of their beach property.The Supreme Court held that this:

If a state regulates a business and later Congress imposes its own regulations,under the Tenth Amendment,the existing state rules may not be replaced by federal rules adopted later.

"The right of the people to be secure in their persons,houses,papers,and effects against unreasonable searches and seizures,shall not be violated,and no Warrants shall issue,but upon probable cause...." is the:

Congress passes a law that employers must give employees up to 12 weeks unpaid leave to attend to family matters.The Virginia legislature decides that this in not enough and passes a law that requires employers in Virginia to provide 16 weeks unpaid leave.This law is likely:

In ____________ the U.S.Constitution was ratified and became effective.

The commerce clause does not allow:

In Consolidated Edison Co.v.Public Service Comm. ,the New York utility commission ruled that the electric company could not send its customers information in support of nuclear power.The Supreme Court examined this restriction applying several tests.Which test did it not apply?

In Consolidated Edison Co.v.Public Service Comm. ,the Supreme Court held that state utility regulators could prohibit all expenditures by a business spent for political purposes only because the business is "highly regulated."

The Sixth Amendment of the U.S.Constitution: