Question 1

Explain the doctrine of inevitable progress and the theory of social change. How do these two ideas differ?

Accepted Answer

The doctrine of inevitable progress is a popular belief that the world is getting better and better. This view holds that all social change is good and progressive. The theory of change differs in that it does not view change as linear, resulting in increasing quality. Social change holds that all civilizations go through a process of growth, climax, and decline.

Question 2

Culture is the way of life that the people of a society follow.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  True

Question 3

The spread of cultural traits from one social group to another is called:

Accepted Answer

A)  cultural integration. 
B)  cultural diffusion. 
C)  cultural subdivision. 
D)  cultural fixation. 
A)  cultural integration. 
B)  cultural diffusion. 
C)  cultural subdivision. 
D)  cultural fixation. B

Question 4

Today the rate of technological change is increasing:

Accepted Answer

A)  and so is the interaction among cultures. 
B)  but cultural interaction is decreasing. 
C)  but close contacts with distant lands is ending. 
D)  and cultural differences are greater. 
A)  and so is the interaction among cultures. 
B)  but cultural interaction is decreasing. 
C)  but close contacts with distant lands is ending. 
D)  and cultural differences are greater.

Question 5

Cultural relativism asserts that all cultures are for the most part equally valid.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

Social changes may also be brought about by group action in a society, which is also called:

Accepted Answer

A)  random action. 
B)  small scale revisions. 
C)  gradualism. 
D)  collective action. 
A)  random action. 
B)  small scale revisions. 
C)  gradualism. 
D)  collective action.

Question 7

A ____________________ is a privilege or advantage than an individual enjoys because of the status quo, which is the existing state of affairs.

Accepted Answer

A)  habit 
B)  perk 
C)  hidden benefit 
D)  vested interest 
A)  habit 
B)  perk 
C)  hidden benefit 
D)  vested interest

Question 8

Christian churches in America have traditionally been and continue to be active in social change movements in the United States.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

Diffusion of cultural traits is a one-way process.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

Ways of behaving that have been learned so well that they can be carried on without conscious attention are called:

Accepted Answer

A)  traits. 
B)  innovations. 
C)  habits. 
D)  discoveries. 
A)  traits. 
B)  innovations. 
C)  habits. 
D)  discoveries.

Question 11

Socialization is the process that shapes the personality of individuals so they can become members of society.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

Mores are regulations established in a community by some authority and enforced by judicial decision.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

The doctrine that all cultures are for the most part equally valid is called:

Accepted Answer

A)  cultural diffusion. 
B)  cultural relativism. 
C)  centralization. 
D)  democratization. 
A)  cultural diffusion. 
B)  cultural relativism. 
C)  centralization. 
D)  democratization.

Question 14

The cultural change which made it possible to record human knowledge was the invention of:

Accepted Answer

A)  the wheel. 
B)  the arch. 
C)  writing. 
D)  stone tools. 
A)  the wheel. 
B)  the arch. 
C)  writing. 
D)  stone tools.

Question 15

Social values are absolute rather than relative.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

Contemporary American culture is:

Accepted Answer

A)  mostly dominated by urban black culture. 
B)  a traditional white, Anglo-Saxon, Protestant culture. 
C)  a blending of overlapping cultures representing a wide variety of people. 
D)  there is no American culture. 
A)  mostly dominated by urban black culture. 
B)  a traditional white, Anglo-Saxon, Protestant culture. 
C)  a blending of overlapping cultures representing a wide variety of people. 
D)  there is no American culture.

Question 17

What factors contribute to the stability of culture? How do these factors help to give continuity to ways of living?

Accepted Answer

Three factors contribute to social stabi

Question 18

Benjamin Lee Whorf argued that each particular language embodies and propagates:

Accepted Answer

A)  a uniform system of meanings identical for all languages. 
B)  a system of communication lacking bias. 
C)  cultural artifacts. 
D)  a world view 
A)  a uniform system of meanings identical for all languages. 
B)  a system of communication lacking bias. 
C)  cultural artifacts. 
D)  a world view

Question 19

A group of people does not necessarily constitute a society.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

Which social institution played a significant role in instigating social change during the civil rights movement?

Accepted Answer

A)  the public school system 
B)  the economy 
C)  the medical community 
D)  the church 
A)  the public school system 
B)  the economy 
C)  the medical community 
D)  the church

Exam 4: Society, Culture, and Cultural Change

Explain the doctrine of inevitable progress and the theory of social change. How do these two ideas differ?

Culture is the way of life that the people of a society follow.

The spread of cultural traits from one social group to another is called:

Today the rate of technological change is increasing:

Cultural relativism asserts that all cultures are for the most part equally valid.

Social changes may also be brought about by group action in a society, which is also called:

A ____________________ is a privilege or advantage than an individual enjoys because of the status quo, which is the existing state of affairs.

Christian churches in America have traditionally been and continue to be active in social change movements in the United States.

Diffusion of cultural traits is a one-way process.

Ways of behaving that have been learned so well that they can be carried on without conscious attention are called:

Socialization is the process that shapes the personality of individuals so they can become members of society.

Mores are regulations established in a community by some authority and enforced by judicial decision.

The doctrine that all cultures are for the most part equally valid is called:

The cultural change which made it possible to record human knowledge was the invention of:

Social values are absolute rather than relative.

Contemporary American culture is:

What factors contribute to the stability of culture? How do these factors help to give continuity to ways of living?

Benjamin Lee Whorf argued that each particular language embodies and propagates:

A group of people does not necessarily constitute a society.

Which social institution played a significant role in instigating social change during the civil rights movement?

Social Science and Its Method

Human Origins

Origins of Western Society

Geography, Demography, Ecology, and Society

Technology and Society

Psychology, Society, and Culture

The Family

Religion

Education

Social and Economic Stratification

Stratification, Minorities, and Discrimination

The Functions and Forms of Government

Governments of the World

Democratic Government in the United States

The Organization of Economic Activities

The Economy, Government, and Economic Challenges Facing the United States

International Political Relations

International Economic Relations

The Political Economies of Developing Countries

International Institutions and the Search for Peace

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