Exam 14: Exchange Rates in the Short Run

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Covered interest arbitrage ensures

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C

How are interest rates and inflation rates related?

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If investors in one country worry that their domestic inflation may rise,we would expect interest rates to rise in that country to compensate for the greater inflation,as otherwise the investors would be caught receiving negative real rates of return.Imagine,for example,a country with high inflation and low interest rates.Under such conditions,investors would be receiving negative real rates of return,and will correspondingly avoid investing in that country's bonds,recurring instead to investing in real estate,foreign currencies or precious metals; hoping that the value of these investments will rise at least at the same pace as inflation.Naturally,this would not be equilibrium,and interest rates would have to rise until real interest rates become positive.In summary,interest rates and inflation rates will generally move in tandem,so as to keep real interest rates relatively constant.

If the nominal interest rate is 0.6 percent and the rate of inflation is 2.9 percent in a given year,then what is the corresponding real rate of return?

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Derive the interest parity condition and interpret it.

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Suppose that in the United States and the United Kingdom the real rate of interest is 1 percent and constant. In this case,the nominal interest rates in both countries

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If the term structure of interest rates in two countries differ,the differences reflect

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Arbitrage opportunities exist when uncovered interest rate parity does not hold.

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Write down the Fisher equation and IRP relationship for the United States and the United Kingdom. Using these relationships,how can we determine the link between interest,inflation,and exchange rates? How can a change in U.S.policy affect this link?

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Suppose that the effective return to a U.S.investor from buying a U.K.bond is 5.55%. Forward and spot exchange rates ($/£)are 2.10 and 2.00 respectively. The interest rate on the U.K.bond is most likely equal to:

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One of the negative side effects of financial globalization is that national economic policies lack the discipline that they did in the past.

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When one country has higher nominal interest rates than another country,the high-interest-rate currency is expected to ________ relative to the low-interest-rate currency.

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Deviations from interest rate parity could be due to transaction costs,differential taxation,government controls,and political risk.

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If the nominal interest rate is 2.9 percent and the rate of inflation is 0.6 percent in a given year,then what is the corresponding real rate of return?

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How has the globalization of financial markets affected the way in which countries conduct their economic policies?

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If the real rate of interest is the same internationally,then the nominal interest rates differ solely by the expected inflation differential in two countries.

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There are several reasons why interest rate parity may not hold exactly and,therefore,we can earn arbitrage profits from this situation.

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If real interest rates are equal in two countries,then the nominal interest differential on their currencies will equal

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Interest rate parity is more likely to hold in the short run than purchasing power parity.

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Given that real interest rates are constant,an increase in the expected rate of inflation will tend to

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If the nominal interest rate is 5.6 percent and the rate of inflation is 7.1 percent in a given year,then what is the corresponding real rate of return?

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