Exam 4: Explanations of Criminal Behavior

As the number of arrests increases,the prison sentence will also increase.This is an example of a __________.

Compare and contrast Merton's strain theory with Agnew's general strain theory.

What is a theory?

Sometimes,when one variable increases,so does the other.This is referred to as __________.It means that two variables are linked to each other.

What is the major difference between classical and positivist theories of crime?

Agnew's general strain theory highlights three potential sources of strain: failure in achieving positive goals,the loss of positive influences,and the arrival of negative influences.

In comparison with other criminological theories,social bond theory is unique as it focuses on factors that prevent people from engaging in crime.

What are the policy implications of Gottfredson and Hirschi's control theory?

Explain the major difference between micro- and macro-level theories on crime.

Explain what positivism is.

Explain Merton's five adaptations to strain.Provide one example of each.

Sampson and Laub developed this theory based on longitudinal data collected between 1949 and 1963 by Sheldon and Eleanor Glueck.

__________ is a sense of normlessness.Societies experience it as a result of a breakdown in the social cohesion.Individuals experience it when they lack guidance and structure for appropriate social behaviors.

Explain how social bond theory differs from other criminological theories.

Secondary deviance occurs after an individual has been labeled.

Correlation implies that there is something that directly influences or is responsible for people engaging in criminal behavior while causation means that two variables are linked together.

One of the major contributions of this theorist was that he was the first to use the scientific method to explain criminal behavior.

According to social disorganization theory,what is the root cause of criminality?

A person who decides not to engage in criminality for fear of jeopardizing their future in law enforcement after graduating with a college degree is an example of commitment.

April is a law abiding college student with a 2-year old daughter.She works evenings and weekends to provide a better life for herself and her child.Which mode of adaptation best describes her?