Exam 5: Socialization

Melvin Kohn demonstrated that parents of all social classes have much the same expectations of their children.

Which of the following statements comes closest to describing Erik H. Erikson's view of socialization?

Total institutions operate with the goal of resocializing inmates.

Which of the following concepts refers to a setting where a staff tries to radically change someone's personality through carefully controlling the environment?

For Jean Piaget, at which stage of development do individuals first use language and other cultural symbols?

Mead placed the origin of the self in:

Anticipatory socialization refers to trying to avoid unpleasant social experiences.

Looking at childhood in global perspective, we find that:

According to Erving Goffman, what key traits define a total institution?

In the United States, many young girls feel they are expected to excel at school, to be feminine, attractive, and to "be themselves" as well-which is often difficult.

The "id" in Freud's work represents the human being's basic needs, which are unconscious and demand immediate satisfaction.

During adolescence, the family's influence on children virtually stops.

In historical perspective, the importance of the mass media to the socialization process has:

According to Carol Gilligan, the self-esteem of girls steadily increases through the teenage years.

Erik H. Erikson emphasized that almost all important socialization takes place in childhood.

What are the specific contributions to human development made by family, school, peer group, and mass media? Do these agents of socialization always convey the same lessons to people? In your response, provide several specific examples.

Summarize Jean Piaget's contribution to our understanding of socialization.

Summarize Freud's theory of human personality, Piaget's approach to human development, and Mead's view of the development of the self. What do all the theories have in common? What are the main differences among them?

Thinking about how patterns of child-rearing vary by class, lower-class parents generally stress _____, while well-to-do parents typically stress _____.

Based on everything you have read in this chapter, what are some of the ways in which girls and boys differ in their socialization experience? Provide specific examples in your response.