Question 1

Steps in global value chains typically take place __________.

Accepted Answer

A) under one roof 
B) in one country 
C) in different locations across the globe 
D) in different locations within neighboring regions 
A) under one roof 
B) in one country 
C) in different locations across the globe 
D) in different locations within neighboring regions D

Question 2

Explain the relationship of outsourcing to global value chains.

Accepted Answer

Outsourcing is when producers take activities that they once did in-house and farm them out to other firms in remote locations.Outsourcing is part of a larger process that is called the creation of global value chains,which are sets of linked operations that organize the production of any particular product.All these activities are linked together in a chain of operations.In the era of deglobalization,it was common for many of these processes to be carried out in-house,under one roof.This means that the value chain was compact and geographically contained.But in recent years,as transportation and communication costs have declined and as a means of locating cheaper labor,companies have turned to breaking apart various components of the value chain and moving (i.e. ,outsourcing)the various operations to remote locations.Activities that were once carried out under one roof now take place hundreds of miles away.

Question 3

Labor-intensive garment industry assembly operators are __________.

Accepted Answer

A) less likely to locate in the United States than in the Caribbean 
B) more likely to locate in the United States than in Mexico 
C) less likely to locate in export processing zones than inner cities 
D) more likely to avoid high wages associated with export processing zones than are other types of manufacturers 
A) less likely to locate in the United States than in the Caribbean 
B) more likely to locate in the United States than in Mexico 
C) less likely to locate in export processing zones than inner cities 
D) more likely to avoid high wages associated with export processing zones than are other types of manufacturers A

Question 4

What is meant by import-substituting industrialization (ISI),why is it so named,and what period in twentieth-century history is it associated with?

Accepted Answer

Import-substituting industrialization (I

Question 5

Even critics of the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA)agree that it has engendered a net gain in jobs north and south of the U.S.-Mexico border.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

In the middle decades of the twentieth century,which two economic policies went together?

Accepted Answer

A) deregulation and reglobalization 
B) liberalization and globalization 
C) state controls and deglobalization 
D) state controls and reglobalization 
A) deregulation and reglobalization 
B) liberalization and globalization 
C) state controls and deglobalization 
D) state controls and reglobalization

Question 7

Evidence suggests that globalization is promoting __________.

Accepted Answer

A) a flattening out of the world as a whole 
B) densely woven ties between all corners of the world 
C) interchangeable migration corridors 
D) regional economic blocs 
A) a flattening out of the world as a whole 
B) densely woven ties between all corners of the world 
C) interchangeable migration corridors 
D) regional economic blocs

Question 8

The more labor-intensive part of the value chain of clothing production is more likely to take place in high-wage countries than in low-wage countries.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

In the nineteenth century,which group represented a reliable source of demand?

Accepted Answer

A) politicians 
B) farmers 
C) city residents 
D) new immigrants 
A) politicians 
B) farmers 
C) city residents 
D) new immigrants

Question 10

In the era of deglobalization,__________ was uncommon.

Accepted Answer

A) insourcing 
B) downsizing 
C) outsourcing 
D) rightsizing 
A) insourcing 
B) downsizing 
C) outsourcing 
D) rightsizing

Question 11

England and France were extensive international traders in the years before 1914.Why was this likely so?

Accepted Answer

A) England and France were deeply integrated with their colonial empires. 
B) England and France were less reliant on their colonial empires as trading partners than were other European colonizers. 
C) England and France were rapidly shedding ties to their least profitable colonies. 
D) England and France were slower than other European countries in granting independence to their colonies before 1914. 
A) England and France were deeply integrated with their colonial empires. 
B) England and France were less reliant on their colonial empires as trading partners than were other European colonizers. 
C) England and France were rapidly shedding ties to their least profitable colonies. 
D) England and France were slower than other European countries in granting independence to their colonies before 1914.

Question 12

After 1913,the process of globalization that had begun in the nineteenth century began to __________.

Accepted Answer

A) accelerate 
B) accelerate regionally but decrease globally 
C) decrease 
D) decrease regionally but accelerate globally 
A) accelerate 
B) accelerate regionally but decrease globally 
C) decrease 
D) decrease regionally but accelerate globally

Question 13

Which of the following scenarios most accurately portrays the role of global value chains in globalization?

Accepted Answer

A) Companies are increasingly laying off employees and shutting down altogether,forcing many workers to look for jobs overseas. 
B) Corporations are setting up different phases of production and assembly in as many as two or three other countries,which creates a global link. 
C) Governmental and political incentives to produce goods domestically are driving companies to make products locally and sell them to a wider variety of countries. 
D) New immigrants are increasingly working their way into local corporations,which establishes new global connections for companies. 
A) Companies are increasingly laying off employees and shutting down altogether,forcing many workers to look for jobs overseas. 
B) Corporations are setting up different phases of production and assembly in as many as two or three other countries,which creates a global link. 
C) Governmental and political incentives to produce goods domestically are driving companies to make products locally and sell them to a wider variety of countries. 
D) New immigrants are increasingly working their way into local corporations,which establishes new global connections for companies.

Question 14

Between 1820 and 1914,more than __________ miles of railroad were laid in the United States

Accepted Answer

A) 250,000 
B) 350,000 
C) 450,000 
D) 550,000 
A) 250,000 
B) 350,000 
C) 450,000 
D) 550,000

Question 15

What is China's position in the global value chain and what are Chinese export processing zones like?

Accepted Answer

China has become a center of manufacturi

Question 16

How long is the actual working day for Chinese laborers in export processing zones?

Accepted Answer

A) 8 hours 
B) 8 hours,with occasional overtime 
C) 10 to 11 hours a day 
D) 10 to 14 hours a day 
A) 8 hours 
B) 8 hours,with occasional overtime 
C) 10 to 11 hours a day 
D) 10 to 14 hours a day

Question 17

Which two state policies triggered a process of deglobalization beginning in the 1930s?

Accepted Answer

Together,tariffs and capital controls ac

Question 18

Which of the following statements most accurately reflects and explains the true picture of the current degree of globalization?

Accepted Answer

A) Contrary to popular belief,globalization has sharply decreased,due largely to increasing fear of dependency on other countries. 
B) Globalization has barely risen since the early 1900s,due in part to colonization creating vast trade markets with integration levels so high that they have been difficult to top. 
C) National pride and the economic crisis have led to a decrease in globalization. 
D) Virtually every developed nation today is more extensively involved in international trade and investment than ever before,due to increased worldwide demands for foreign investments and foreign-made products. 
A) Contrary to popular belief,globalization has sharply decreased,due largely to increasing fear of dependency on other countries. 
B) Globalization has barely risen since the early 1900s,due in part to colonization creating vast trade markets with integration levels so high that they have been difficult to top. 
C) National pride and the economic crisis have led to a decrease in globalization. 
D) Virtually every developed nation today is more extensively involved in international trade and investment than ever before,due to increased worldwide demands for foreign investments and foreign-made products.

Question 19

What has happened to most low- to middle-income countries with the turn away from decades of state-led development and regulated markets toward globalization?

Accepted Answer

A) They have been able to sustain robust pre-1980 growth rates. 
B) They have seen their growth,productivity,and investment stagnate. 
C) They have seen the gap between wealthy and poor countries narrow. 
D) They have seen growing parity with Northern industrialized countries. 
A) They have been able to sustain robust pre-1980 growth rates. 
B) They have seen their growth,productivity,and investment stagnate. 
C) They have seen the gap between wealthy and poor countries narrow. 
D) They have seen growing parity with Northern industrialized countries.

Question 20

As developing countries try to industrialize,what competitive disadvantage do they face?

Accepted Answer

A) pressures to sell imported goods across regional markets already being produced by more experienced firms from richer countries 
B) producing for underserved markets not yet targeted by more experienced firms from richer countries 
C) producing for markets that are already being served by more experienced firms from richer countries 
D) restrictions on imported goods already being produced by more experienced firms from richer countries 
A) pressures to sell imported goods across regional markets already being produced by more experienced firms from richer countries 
B) producing for underserved markets not yet targeted by more experienced firms from richer countries 
C) producing for markets that are already being served by more experienced firms from richer countries 
D) restrictions on imported goods already being produced by more experienced firms from richer countries

Exam 20: Globalization

Steps in global value chains typically take place __________.

Explain the relationship of outsourcing to global value chains.

Labor-intensive garment industry assembly operators are __________.

What is meant by import-substituting industrialization (ISI),why is it so named,and what period in twentieth-century history is it associated with?

Even critics of the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA)agree that it has engendered a net gain in jobs north and south of the U.S.-Mexico border.

In the middle decades of the twentieth century,which two economic policies went together?

Evidence suggests that globalization is promoting __________.

The more labor-intensive part of the value chain of clothing production is more likely to take place in high-wage countries than in low-wage countries.

In the nineteenth century,which group represented a reliable source of demand?

In the era of deglobalization,__________ was uncommon.

England and France were extensive international traders in the years before 1914.Why was this likely so?

After 1913,the process of globalization that had begun in the nineteenth century began to __________.

Which of the following scenarios most accurately portrays the role of global value chains in globalization?

Between 1820 and 1914,more than __________ miles of railroad were laid in the United States

What is China's position in the global value chain and what are Chinese export processing zones like?

How long is the actual working day for Chinese laborers in export processing zones?

Which two state policies triggered a process of deglobalization beginning in the 1930s?

Which of the following statements most accurately reflects and explains the true picture of the current degree of globalization?

What has happened to most low- to middle-income countries with the turn away from decades of state-led development and regulated markets toward globalization?

As developing countries try to industrialize,what competitive disadvantage do they face?

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