Question 1

Which of the following is a nonmodifiable risk factor for lung disease?

Accepted Answer

A) Allergies. 
B) Smoking. 
C) Stress. 
D) Asbestos exposure. 
A) Allergies. 
B) Smoking. 
C) Stress. 
D) Asbestos exposure.

Question 2

While performing an assessment,the nurse hears crackles in the patient's lung fields.The nurse also learns that the patient is sleeping on three pillows.What do these symptoms most likely indicate?

Accepted Answer

A) Left-sided heart failure. 
B) Right-sided heart failure. 
C) Atrial fibrillation. 
D) Myocardial ischemia. 
A) Left-sided heart failure. 
B) Right-sided heart failure. 
C) Atrial fibrillation. 
D) Myocardial ischemia.

Question 3

The nurse knows that the most effective method for suctioning a patient with a tracheostomy tube is which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A) Setting the suction regulator at 150 to 200 mm Hg. 
B) Liberally lubricating the end of the suction catheter with a water-soluble solution. 
C) Limiting the length of suctioning to 10 to 15 seconds. 
D) Applying suction while gently rotating and inserting the catheter. 
A) Setting the suction regulator at 150 to 200 mm Hg. 
B) Liberally lubricating the end of the suction catheter with a water-soluble solution. 
C) Limiting the length of suctioning to 10 to 15 seconds. 
D) Applying suction while gently rotating and inserting the catheter.

Question 4

In which condition would the nurse would expect to see increased ventilations?

Accepted Answer

A) Increased oxygen saturation. 
B) Decreased carbon dioxide levels. 
C) Decreased pH. 
D) Increased hemoglobin levels. 
A) Increased oxygen saturation. 
B) Decreased carbon dioxide levels. 
C) Decreased pH. 
D) Increased hemoglobin levels.

Question 5

Normal cardiac output is 2.5 to 4 L/minute/m³ in a healthy adult at rest.Which of the following is the correct formula to calculate cardiac output?

Accepted Answer

A) Stroke volume × heart rate. 
B) Stroke volume/body surface area. 
C) Body surface area × cardiac index. 
D) Heart rate/stroke volume. 
A) Stroke volume × heart rate. 
B) Stroke volume/body surface area. 
C) Body surface area × cardiac index. 
D) Heart rate/stroke volume.

Question 6

Why does the nurse recommend that a patient install a carbon monoxide detector in the home?

Accepted Answer

A) It is required by law. 
B) Carbon monoxide tightly bonds to hemoglobin,causing hypoxia. 
C) Carbon monoxide signals the cerebral cortex to cease ventilations. 
D) Carbon monoxide combines with oxygen in the body and produces a deadly toxin. 
A) It is required by law. 
B) Carbon monoxide tightly bonds to hemoglobin,causing hypoxia. 
C) Carbon monoxide signals the cerebral cortex to cease ventilations. 
D) Carbon monoxide combines with oxygen in the body and produces a deadly toxin.

Question 7

The nurse would expect which change in cardiac output for a patient with fluid volume overload?

Accepted Answer

A) Increased preload. 
B) Decreased afterload. 
C) Decreased tissue perfusion. 
D) Increased heart rate. 
A) Increased preload. 
B) Decreased afterload. 
C) Decreased tissue perfusion. 
D) Increased heart rate.

Question 8

Myocardial blood flow is unidirectional;the nurse knows that the correct pathway is which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A) Right atrium,right ventricle,left ventricle,left atrium. 
B) Right atrium,left atrium,right ventricle,left ventricle. 
C) Right atrium,right ventricle,left atrium,left ventricle. 
D) Right atrium,left atrium,left ventricle,right ventricle. 
A) Right atrium,right ventricle,left ventricle,left atrium. 
B) Right atrium,left atrium,right ventricle,left ventricle. 
C) Right atrium,right ventricle,left atrium,left ventricle. 
D) Right atrium,left atrium,left ventricle,right ventricle.

Question 9

The nurse is creating a plan of care for an obese patient who is suffering from fatigue related to ineffective breathing.Which intervention best addresses a short-term goal that the patient could achieve?

Accepted Answer

A) Running 30 minutes every morning. 
B) Stopping smoking immediately. 
C) Sleeping on two to three pillows at night. 
D) Limiting the diet to 1500 calories a day. 
A) Running 30 minutes every morning. 
B) Stopping smoking immediately. 
C) Sleeping on two to three pillows at night. 
D) Limiting the diet to 1500 calories a day.

Question 10

The nurse determines that an elderly patient is at risk for infection due to decreased immunity.Which plan of care best addresses the prevention of infection for the patient?

Accepted Answer

A) Encourage the patient to stay up to date on all vaccinations. 
B) Inform the patient of the importance of finishing the entire dose of antibiotics. 
C) Schedule patient to get annual tuberculosis skin testing. 
D) Create an exercise routine to run 30 minutes every day. 
A) Encourage the patient to stay up to date on all vaccinations. 
B) Inform the patient of the importance of finishing the entire dose of antibiotics. 
C) Schedule patient to get annual tuberculosis skin testing. 
D) Create an exercise routine to run 30 minutes every day.

Question 11

The nurse caring for a patient with ischemia to the left coronary artery would expect to find which sign?

Accepted Answer

A) Increased ventricular diastole. 
B) Increased stroke volume. 
C) Decreased preload. 
D) Decreased afterload. 
A) Increased ventricular diastole. 
B) Increased stroke volume. 
C) Decreased preload. 
D) Decreased afterload.

Question 12

The P wave is represented by which portion of the conduction system?

Accepted Answer

A) Sinoatrial (S
A) node. 
B) Atrioventricular (AV)node. 
C) Bundle of His. 
D) Purkinje network. 
A) Sinoatrial (S
A) node. 
B) Atrioventricular (AV)node. 
C) Bundle of His. 
D) Purkinje network.

Question 13

What will anemia result in?

Accepted Answer

A) Hypoxemia. 
B) Impaired ventilation. 
C) Hypovolemia. 
D) Decreased lung compliance. 
A) Hypoxemia. 
B) Impaired ventilation. 
C) Hypovolemia. 
D) Decreased lung compliance.

Question 14

A patient with COPD asks the nurse why he is having increased difficulty with his fine motor skills,such as buttoning his shirt.Which response by the nurse is most therapeutic?

Accepted Answer

A) "Your body isn't receiving enough oxygen to send down to your fingers;this causes them to club and makes dexterity difficult." 
B) "Your disease process makes even the smallest tasks seem exhausting.Try taking a nap before getting dressed." 
C) "Often patients with your disease lose mental status and forget how to perform daily tasks." 
D) "Your disease affects both your lungs and your heart,and not enough blood is being pumped,so you are losing sensory feedback in your extremities." 
A) "Your body isn't receiving enough oxygen to send down to your fingers;this causes them to club and makes dexterity difficult." 
B) "Your disease process makes even the smallest tasks seem exhausting.Try taking a nap before getting dressed." 
C) "Often patients with your disease lose mental status and forget how to perform daily tasks." 
D) "Your disease affects both your lungs and your heart,and not enough blood is being pumped,so you are losing sensory feedback in your extremities."

Question 15

The nurse expects which of the following in a patient with angina pectoris?

Accepted Answer

A) Experience feelings of indigestion after eating a heavy meal. 
B) Have decreased oxygen saturation during rest. 
C) Hypoventilate during periods of acute stress. 
D) Complain of tingling in the left arm that lasts throughout the morning. 
A) Experience feelings of indigestion after eating a heavy meal. 
B) Have decreased oxygen saturation during rest. 
C) Hypoventilate during periods of acute stress. 
D) Complain of tingling in the left arm that lasts throughout the morning.

Question 16

A nurse is caring for a patient with left-sided hemiparesis who has developed bronchitis and has a heart rate of 105,blood pressure of 156/90,and a respiration rate of 30.Which nursing diagnosis is the priority for this patient?

Accepted Answer

A) Activity intolerance. 
B) Risk for skin breakdown. 
C) Impaired gas exchange. 
D) Risk for infection. 
A) Activity intolerance. 
B) Risk for skin breakdown. 
C) Impaired gas exchange. 
D) Risk for infection.

Question 17

Which statement by the patient indicates an understanding of atelectasis?

Accepted Answer

A) "It is important to do breathing exercises every hour to prevent atelectasis." 
B) "If I develop atelectasis,I will need a chest tube to drain excess fluid." 
C) "Atelectasis affects only people with chronic conditions such as emphysema." 
D) "Hyperventilation will open up my alveoli,preventing atelectasis." 
A) "It is important to do breathing exercises every hour to prevent atelectasis." 
B) "If I develop atelectasis,I will need a chest tube to drain excess fluid." 
C) "Atelectasis affects only people with chronic conditions such as emphysema." 
D) "Hyperventilation will open up my alveoli,preventing atelectasis."

Question 18

The process of exchanging gases through the alveolar capillary membrane is known as which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A) Disassociation. 
B) Diffusion. 
C) Perfusion. 
D) Ventilation. 
A) Disassociation. 
B) Diffusion. 
C) Perfusion. 
D) Ventilation.

Question 19

A nurse is caring for a patient whose temperature is 37.9°C (100.2°F).The nurse expects this patient to hyperventilate for which reason?

Accepted Answer

A) Increased metabolic demands. 
B) Anxiety over illness. 
C) Decreased drive to breathe. 
D) Infection destroying lung tissues. 
A) Increased metabolic demands. 
B) Anxiety over illness. 
C) Decreased drive to breathe. 
D) Infection destroying lung tissues.

Question 20

The nurse would expect a patient with right-sided heart failure to have which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A) Peripheral edema. 
B) Basilar crackles. 
C) Chest pain. 
D) Cyanosis. 
A) Peripheral edema. 
B) Basilar crackles. 
C) Chest pain. 
D) Cyanosis.

Exam 39: Cardiopulmonary Functioning and Oxygenation

Which of the following is a nonmodifiable risk factor for lung disease?

While performing an assessment,the nurse hears crackles in the patient's lung fields.The nurse also learns that the patient is sleeping on three pillows.What do these symptoms most likely indicate?

The nurse knows that the most effective method for suctioning a patient with a tracheostomy tube is which of the following?

In which condition would the nurse would expect to see increased ventilations?

Normal cardiac output is 2.5 to 4 L/minute/m³ in a healthy adult at rest.Which of the following is the correct formula to calculate cardiac output?

Why does the nurse recommend that a patient install a carbon monoxide detector in the home?

The nurse would expect which change in cardiac output for a patient with fluid volume overload?

Myocardial blood flow is unidirectional;the nurse knows that the correct pathway is which of the following?

The nurse is creating a plan of care for an obese patient who is suffering from fatigue related to ineffective breathing.Which intervention best addresses a short-term goal that the patient could achieve?

The nurse determines that an elderly patient is at risk for infection due to decreased immunity.Which plan of care best addresses the prevention of infection for the patient?

The nurse caring for a patient with ischemia to the left coronary artery would expect to find which sign?

The P wave is represented by which portion of the conduction system?

What will anemia result in?

A patient with COPD asks the nurse why he is having increased difficulty with his fine motor skills,such as buttoning his shirt.Which response by the nurse is most therapeutic?

The nurse expects which of the following in a patient with angina pectoris?

A nurse is caring for a patient with left-sided hemiparesis who has developed bronchitis and has a heart rate of 105,blood pressure of 156/90,and a respiration rate of 30.Which nursing diagnosis is the priority for this patient?

Which statement by the patient indicates an understanding of atelectasis?

The process of exchanging gases through the alveolar capillary membrane is known as which of the following?

A nurse is caring for a patient whose temperature is 37.9°C (100.2°F).The nurse expects this patient to hyperventilate for which reason?

The nurse would expect a patient with right-sided heart failure to have which of the following?

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