Question 1

Which aspect of deterrence theory do theorists believe to have the greatest effect on deterring crime?

Accepted Answer

A) perception of punishment 
B) certainty of punishment 
C) severity of punishment 
D) speed of punishment 
A) perception of punishment 
B) certainty of punishment 
C) severity of punishment 
D) speed of punishment

Question 2

The concept of general deterrence holds that:

Accepted Answer

A) motivated people will violate the law if left unrestricted. 
B) the decision to commit crime can be controlled by the threat of criminal punishment. 
C) if guardians become increasingly motivated, there will be less crime. 
D) as people age they commit fewer crimes. 
A) motivated people will violate the law if left unrestricted. 
B) the decision to commit crime can be controlled by the threat of criminal punishment. 
C) if guardians become increasingly motivated, there will be less crime. 
D) as people age they commit fewer crimes.

Question 3

According to Nobel Prize-winning economist Gary Becker, criminals engage in a(n) __________ of crime.

Accepted Answer

A) irrational - unstable analysis 
B) lower-class analysis 
C) thrill-danger analysis 
D) cost-benefit analysis 
A) irrational - unstable analysis 
B) lower-class analysis 
C) thrill-danger analysis 
D) cost-benefit analysis

Question 4

According to the rational choice approach, the decision to commit crime is structured by:

Accepted Answer

A) the characteristics of the victim and how the victim may react. 
B) where the crime occurs and the characteristics of the target. 
C) the presence of crime encouragers and absence of crime discouragers. 
D) the absence or presence of competing offenders. 
A) the characteristics of the victim and how the victim may react. 
B) where the crime occurs and the characteristics of the target. 
C) the presence of crime encouragers and absence of crime discouragers. 
D) the absence or presence of competing offenders.

Question 5

Rational choice theory has roots in the positivist school of criminology.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

If the punishment for a crime is increased and the effectiveness and efficiency of the criminal justice system are improved, then the number of people engaging in that crime should decline.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

According to the concepts of rational choice, what causes law violating behavior?

Accepted Answer

According to the concepts of rational ch

Question 8

Referring to personality and criminal choices, Siegel states criminals are more impulsive and have less-self control than other people.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

According to deterrence theory, not only does the actual chance of punishment influence criminality, so too does the perception of punishment.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

Describe the development of rational choice theory and the philosophers central to the concept of rational choice.

Accepted Answer

Rational choice theory is a framework fo

Question 11

The fact that a crime is offense-specific means that criminals must decide if they have the personal needs, skills, and prerequisites to commit a successful criminal act.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

A method of crime prevention that seeks to eliminate or reduce particular crimes in specific settings is referred to as:

Accepted Answer

A) defensible space. 
B) situational crime prevention. 
C) guardable space. 
D) positional crime prevention. 
A) defensible space. 
B) situational crime prevention. 
C) guardable space. 
D) positional crime prevention.

Question 13

Sociologist Jack Katz argues that there are immediate benefits to criminality which he labels the "lures of crime."

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

"Awareness space" indicates that which crime is rational?

Accepted Answer

A) theft 
B) drug dealing 
C) robbery 
D) prostitution 
A) theft 
B) drug dealing 
C) robbery 
D) prostitution

Question 15

Criminals structure crime. For instance, crack cocaine street dealers prefer the middle of a long block as the best location for dealing.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

Robbers generally choose targets close to their homes or in areas to which they routinely travel.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

Jacob's and Wright's research on robbers indicates that target selection can be a rational choice made to ____ rather than to generate capital.

Accepted Answer

A) increase the robber's reputation 
B) generate fear 
C) instill rage 
D) send a message 
A) increase the robber's reputation 
B) generate fear 
C) instill rage 
D) send a message

Question 18

Why is drug dealing considered a rational crime?

Accepted Answer

A) Because drug dealers are more intelligent than other street offenders. 
B) Because drug dealers approach their "profession" in a businesslike fashion. 
C) Because drug dealers lure non-users with "samples" of their product to generate a greater number of hooked, hard-core users. 
D) Because drug dealers are consistently able to avoid detection and arrest. 
A) Because drug dealers are more intelligent than other street offenders. 
B) Because drug dealers approach their "profession" in a businesslike fashion. 
C) Because drug dealers lure non-users with "samples" of their product to generate a greater number of hooked, hard-core users. 
D) Because drug dealers are consistently able to avoid detection and arrest.

Question 19

Which statement reflects structuring criminality based on economic need?

Accepted Answer

A) Offenders commit crime because they may know people who have made "big scores" 
B) Career offenders have learned when to take a chance and when to be cautious. 
C) Criminals appear to be impulsive. 
D) Offenders may commit crime when the "right target" presents itself. 
A) Offenders commit crime because they may know people who have made "big scores" 
B) Career offenders have learned when to take a chance and when to be cautious. 
C) Criminals appear to be impulsive. 
D) Offenders may commit crime when the "right target" presents itself.

Question 20

Explain what it means to say that criminals structure crime.

Accepted Answer

When we say that criminals structure cri

Which aspect of deterrence theory do theorists believe to have the greatest effect on deterring crime?

The concept of general deterrence holds that:

According to Nobel Prize-winning economist Gary Becker, criminals engage in a(n) __________ of crime.

According to the rational choice approach, the decision to commit crime is structured by:

Rational choice theory has roots in the positivist school of criminology.

If the punishment for a crime is increased and the effectiveness and efficiency of the criminal justice system are improved, then the number of people engaging in that crime should decline.

According to the concepts of rational choice, what causes law violating behavior?

Referring to personality and criminal choices, Siegel states criminals are more impulsive and have less-self control than other people.

According to deterrence theory, not only does the actual chance of punishment influence criminality, so too does the perception of punishment.

Describe the development of rational choice theory and the philosophers central to the concept of rational choice.

The fact that a crime is offense-specific means that criminals must decide if they have the personal needs, skills, and prerequisites to commit a successful criminal act.

A method of crime prevention that seeks to eliminate or reduce particular crimes in specific settings is referred to as:

Sociologist Jack Katz argues that there are immediate benefits to criminality which he labels the "lures of crime."

"Awareness space" indicates that which crime is rational?

Criminals structure crime. For instance, crack cocaine street dealers prefer the middle of a long block as the best location for dealing.

Robbers generally choose targets close to their homes or in areas to which they routinely travel.

Jacob's and Wright's research on robbers indicates that target selection can be a rational choice made to ____ rather than to generate capital.

Why is drug dealing considered a rational crime?

Which statement reflects structuring criminality based on economic need?

Explain what it means to say that criminals structure crime.

Crime and Criminology

The Nature and Extent of Crime

Victims and Victimization

Trait Theory

Social Structure Theory

Social Process Theories

Social Conflict and Critical Criminology

Developmental Theories: Life Course and Latent Trait

Violent Crime: Personal and Political

Property Crimes

Enterprise Crime: White-Collar Crime, Cyber Crime, and Organized Crime

Public Order Crimes

The Criminal Justice System

Filters

Exam 4: Choice Theory: Because They Want to

Which aspect of deterrence theory do theorists believe to have the greatest effect on deterring crime?

The concept of general deterrence holds that:

According to Nobel Prize-winning economist Gary Becker, criminals engage in a(n) __________ of crime.

According to the rational choice approach, the decision to commit crime is structured by:

Rational choice theory has roots in the positivist school of criminology.

If the punishment for a crime is increased and the effectiveness and efficiency of the criminal justice system are improved, then the number of people engaging in that crime should decline.

According to the concepts of rational choice, what causes law violating behavior?

Referring to personality and criminal choices, Siegel states criminals are more impulsive and have less-self control than other people.

According to deterrence theory, not only does the actual chance of punishment influence criminality, so too does the perception of punishment.

Describe the development of rational choice theory and the philosophers central to the concept of rational choice.

The fact that a crime is offense-specific means that criminals must decide if they have the personal needs, skills, and prerequisites to commit a successful criminal act.

A method of crime prevention that seeks to eliminate or reduce particular crimes in specific settings is referred to as:

Sociologist Jack Katz argues that there are immediate benefits to criminality which he labels the "lures of crime."

"Awareness space" indicates that which crime is rational?

Criminals structure crime. For instance, crack cocaine street dealers prefer the middle of a long block as the best location for dealing.

Robbers generally choose targets close to their homes or in areas to which they routinely travel.

Jacob's and Wright's research on robbers indicates that target selection can be a rational choice made to ____ rather than to generate capital.

Why is drug dealing considered a rational crime?

Which statement reflects structuring criminality based on economic need?

Explain what it means to say that criminals structure crime.

Crime and Criminology

The Nature and Extent of Crime

Victims and Victimization

Trait Theory

Social Structure Theory

Social Process Theories

Social Conflict and Critical Criminology

Developmental Theories: Life Course and Latent Trait

Violent Crime: Personal and Political

Property Crimes

Enterprise Crime: White-Collar Crime, Cyber Crime, and Organized Crime

Public Order Crimes

The Criminal Justice System

Filters