Question 1

What does the "I" indicate in a "PICO" question?

Accepted Answer

A)  Intervention of interest 
B)  Incorporation of concepts 
C)  Implementation by nursing 
D)  Interest of personnel 
A)  Intervention of interest 
B)  Incorporation of concepts 
C)  Implementation by nursing 
D)  Interest of personnel A

Question 2

MATCHING
Health care providers often confuse evidence-based practices, research, and performance or quality improvement activities. They each contribute to the improvement of patient care in different ways. Match the description below with the type of activity it most closely represents.

-2. Evidence-based practice

Accepted Answer

A) The nurse implements a set of guidelines to reduce falls after an extensive review of the literature. 
B) The nurse investigates a new falls reduction strategy and measures its ability to reduce falls. 
C) The nurse implements a process in her unit to ensure all patients receive a falls risk evaluation upon admission. 
A) The nurse implements a set of guidelines to reduce falls after an extensive review of the literature. 
B) The nurse investigates a new falls reduction strategy and measures its ability to reduce falls. 
C) The nurse implements a process in her unit to ensure all patients receive a falls risk evaluation upon admission. A

Question 3

Which database contains clinical guidelines systematically developed for a specific set of circumstances involving a specific patient population?

Accepted Answer

A)  MEDLINE 
B)  CINAHL 
C)  Cochrane Data of Systematic Reviews 
D)  The National Guideline Clearinghouse 
A)  MEDLINE 
B)  CINAHL 
C)  Cochrane Data of Systematic Reviews 
D)  The National Guideline Clearinghouse D

Question 4

A study is being conducted comparing a group of normal-weight postmenopausal women not receiving any hormone treatment with a group of obese postmenopausal women not receiving any hormone treatment to determine the incidence of changes in bone density of the lower spine (L4 and below).Which type of study would this be?

Accepted Answer

A)  Qualitative 
B)  Case-controlled 
C)  Descriptive 
D)  Quality improvement 
A)  Qualitative 
B)  Case-controlled 
C)  Descriptive 
D)  Quality improvement

Question 5

The nurse is conducting research on decreasing the incidence of pressure areas.Which parts of an evidence-based article would give the nurse enough information to determine if the article would be of help in the research? (Select all that apply.)

Accepted Answer

A)  Design of the study 
B)  Narrative 
C)  Abstract 
D)  Literature review 
E)  Results
F) Introduction 
A)  Design of the study 
B)  Narrative 
C)  Abstract 
D)  Literature review 
E)  Results
F) Introduction

Question 6

MATCHING
Health care providers often confuse evidence-based practices, research, and performance or quality improvement activities. They each contribute to the improvement of patient care in different ways. Match the description below with the type of activity it most closely represents.

-3. Research

Accepted Answer

A) The nurse implements a set of guidelines to reduce falls after an extensive review of the literature. 
B) The nurse investigates a new falls reduction strategy and measures its ability to reduce falls. 
C) The nurse implements a process in her unit to ensure all patients receive a falls risk evaluation upon admission. 
A) The nurse implements a set of guidelines to reduce falls after an extensive review of the literature. 
B) The nurse investigates a new falls reduction strategy and measures its ability to reduce falls. 
C) The nurse implements a process in her unit to ensure all patients receive a falls risk evaluation upon admission.

Question 7

The nurse is conducting clinical research and needs to obtain relevant databases.Whom should the nurse contact?

Accepted Answer

A)  The physician whose patients may be involved in the study 
B)  The medical librarian 
C)  The nurse manager of the unit where the study will be conducted 
D)  The director of nursing of the facility 
A)  The physician whose patients may be involved in the study 
B)  The medical librarian 
C)  The nurse manager of the unit where the study will be conducted 
D)  The director of nursing of the facility

Question 8

Which question would be the best example of a knowledge-focused trigger?

Accepted Answer

A)  What is the best method for treatment of leg swelling when a patient is taking gabapentin (Neurontin)? 
B)  How can we decrease the incidence of skin cancer in adults over the age of 65? 
C)  What is the current evidence for improving oral intake for cancer patients with stomatitis? 
D)  What is the maximum length of time our hospital allows irrigation kits to be used? 
A)  What is the best method for treatment of leg swelling when a patient is taking gabapentin (Neurontin)? 
B)  How can we decrease the incidence of skin cancer in adults over the age of 65? 
C)  What is the current evidence for improving oral intake for cancer patients with stomatitis? 
D)  What is the maximum length of time our hospital allows irrigation kits to be used?

Question 9

Which question is a problem-focused trigger?

Accepted Answer

A)  What is known about reduction of urinary tract infections in the older adult with diabetes? 
B)  How can chronic pain best be described when the patient is nonverbal? 
C)  How long can an intravenous catheter remain in place in an obese patient? 
D)  What measures can the nurse take to reduce the rising incidence of urinary tract infections on the elder care unit? 
A)  What is known about reduction of urinary tract infections in the older adult with diabetes? 
B)  How can chronic pain best be described when the patient is nonverbal? 
C)  How long can an intravenous catheter remain in place in an obese patient? 
D)  What measures can the nurse take to reduce the rising incidence of urinary tract infections on the elder care unit?

Question 10

MATCHING
Health care providers often confuse evidence-based practices, research, and performance or quality improvement activities. They each contribute to the improvement of patient care in different ways. Match the description below with the type of activity it most closely represents.

-1. Performance improvement

Accepted Answer

A) The nurse implements a set of guidelines to reduce falls after an extensive review of the literature. 
B) The nurse investigates a new falls reduction strategy and measures its ability to reduce falls. 
C) The nurse implements a process in her unit to ensure all patients receive a falls risk evaluation upon admission. 
A) The nurse implements a set of guidelines to reduce falls after an extensive review of the literature. 
B) The nurse investigates a new falls reduction strategy and measures its ability to reduce falls. 
C) The nurse implements a process in her unit to ensure all patients receive a falls risk evaluation upon admission.

Question 11

When collecting the best evidence,what should the nurse use as external evidence? (Select all that apply.)

Accepted Answer

A)  Scientific literature 
B)  Agency policy and procedure manuals 
C)  Clinical practice guidelines 
D)  National guidelines 
E)  National benchmarks
F) Quality improvement data 
A)  Scientific literature 
B)  Agency policy and procedure manuals 
C)  Clinical practice guidelines 
D)  National guidelines 
E)  National benchmarks
F) Quality improvement data

Question 12

A nursing educator is explaining how the best clinical practices are determined.Which statement best explains the purpose of evidence-based practice?

Accepted Answer

A)  It ensures that all patients receive holistic care. 
B)  It provides a definite reason for providing care in a specific manner. 
C)  It prevents errors when care is being delivered. 
D)  It guarantees that care delivered is based on research. 
A)  It ensures that all patients receive holistic care. 
B)  It provides a definite reason for providing care in a specific manner. 
C)  It prevents errors when care is being delivered. 
D)  It guarantees that care delivered is based on research.

Question 13

Why is piloting a practice change after conducting a study the best approach to change?

Accepted Answer

A)  It ensures that all of the patients involved will benefit from the change. 
B)  It helps identify any issues with implementation on a limited basis. 
C)  It facilitates communication among all of the participants. 
D)  It provides better acceptance by personnel reluctant to change. 
A)  It ensures that all of the patients involved will benefit from the change. 
B)  It helps identify any issues with implementation on a limited basis. 
C)  It facilitates communication among all of the participants. 
D)  It provides better acceptance by personnel reluctant to change.

Question 14

What is the nurse attempting to determine when critiquing the evidence?

Accepted Answer

A)  If the potential study is ethical to conduct 
B)  If there is enough evidence to ask a PICO question and change practice 
C)  If there are any experts in the clinical area to be researched 
D)  If the study is cost-effective if a change in practice occurs 
A)  If the potential study is ethical to conduct 
B)  If there is enough evidence to ask a PICO question and change practice 
C)  If there are any experts in the clinical area to be researched 
D)  If the study is cost-effective if a change in practice occurs

Question 15

The nurse researcher is trying to determine the strongest type of research.Which type of research would the nurse choose?

Accepted Answer

A)  Randomized controlled trials 
B)  A qualitative study 
C)  A descriptive study 
D)  A case-controlled study 
A)  Randomized controlled trials 
B)  A qualitative study 
C)  A descriptive study 
D)  A case-controlled study

Question 16

In which database would biomedical and pharmaceutical studies be found?

Accepted Answer

A)  EMBASE 
B)  PsycINFO 
C)  MEDLINE 
D)  CINAHL 
A)  EMBASE 
B)  PsycINFO 
C)  MEDLINE 
D)  CINAHL

Exam 1: Using Evidence in Nursing Practice

What does the "I" indicate in a "PICO" question?

Which database contains clinical guidelines systematically developed for a specific set of circumstances involving a specific patient population?

The nurse is conducting research on decreasing the incidence of pressure areas.Which parts of an evidence-based article would give the nurse enough information to determine if the article would be of help in the research? (Select all that apply.)

The nurse is conducting clinical research and needs to obtain relevant databases.Whom should the nurse contact?

Which question would be the best example of a knowledge-focused trigger?

Which question is a problem-focused trigger?

When collecting the best evidence,what should the nurse use as external evidence? (Select all that apply.)

A nursing educator is explaining how the best clinical practices are determined.Which statement best explains the purpose of evidence-based practice?

Why is piloting a practice change after conducting a study the best approach to change?

What is the nurse attempting to determine when critiquing the evidence?

The nurse researcher is trying to determine the strongest type of research.Which type of research would the nurse choose?

In which database would biomedical and pharmaceutical studies be found?

Communication and Collaboration

Documentation and Informatics

Patient Safety and Quality Improvement

Infection Control

Vital Signs

Health Assessment

Specimen Collection

Diagnostic Procedures

Bathing and Personal Hygiene

Care of the Eye and Ear

Promoting Nutrition

Pain Management

Promoting Oxygenation

Safe Patient Handling, transfer, and Positioning

Exercise Mobility

Traction, cast Care, and Immobilization Devices

Urinary Elimination

Bowel Elimination and Gastric Intubation

Ostomy Care

Preparation for Safe Medication Administration

Administration of Nonparenteral Medications

Administration of Parenteral Medications

Wound Care and Irrigation

Pressure Ulcers

Dressings,bandages,and Binders

Intravenous and Vascular Access Therapy

Preoperative and Postoperative Care

Emergency Measures for Life Support in the Hospital Setting

Palliative Care

Home Care Safety

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