Question 1

Peak pressure is which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  The highest point on the flow-time display 
B)  The highest point of the baseline pressure 
C)  The pressure recorded at the point of no airflow 
D)  The highest pressure reached during inspiration. 
A)  The highest point on the flow-time display 
B)  The highest point of the baseline pressure 
C)  The pressure recorded at the point of no airflow 
D)  The highest pressure reached during inspiration. D

Question 2

Which of the following is true of the flow-volume loop?
I.Flow is plotted on the vertical axis.
II.It is commonly used in PF spirometry evaluation.
III.It is done only after bronchodilator administration.

Accepted Answer

A)  I, II and III 
B)  I and II 
C)  I and III 
D)  II and III 
A)  I, II and III 
B)  I and II 
C)  I and III 
D)  II and III B

Question 3

You have just place a patient with early ARDS onto a mechanical ventilator.Using ventilator graphics how will you monitor the patient's changing lung compliance?

Accepted Answer

Changes in compliance may be assessed using the pressure-volume graphical display.By assessing the slope of the loop,changes in compliance may be determined.Be sure to save or print out a pressure volume loop to compare with subsequent loops.A non-graphic method is to determine static compliance measurements but often images are easier to understand.

Question 4

Two scalar wave forms are combined to ___________________

Accepted Answer

A)  identify presence of PEEP. 
B)  eliminate autoPEEP. 
C)  create a loop graphic. 
D)  demonstrate ventilation mode. 
A)  identify presence of PEEP. 
B)  eliminate autoPEEP. 
C)  create a loop graphic. 
D)  demonstrate ventilation mode.

Question 5

Combinations of ventilator wave forms can indicate __________________

Accepted Answer

A)  Airway resistance 
B)  Air trapping 
C)  Increased work of breathing 
D)  All of the above 
A)  Airway resistance 
B)  Air trapping 
C)  Increased work of breathing 
D)  All of the above

Question 6

Which graphic displays can indicate adequacy of inspiratory flow during a ventilator inspiration and how are they used?

Accepted Answer

Adequacy of inspiratory flow during mand

Question 7

The respiratory care practitioner determines that a patient has increased airway resistance.How was this identified?

Accepted Answer

A)  On the flow-volume loop by evaluating the shape of the curve 
B)  On the flow-volume loop by identifying the maximum delivered volume 
C)  On the pressure-volume loop by the amount of beaking 
D)  On the pressure-volume loop by the amount of bowing 
A)  On the flow-volume loop by evaluating the shape of the curve 
B)  On the flow-volume loop by identifying the maximum delivered volume 
C)  On the pressure-volume loop by the amount of beaking 
D)  On the pressure-volume loop by the amount of bowing

Question 8

Static pressure is determined by which of the following methods?

Accepted Answer

A)  Adding an inspiratory pause and stopping air flow 
B)  Adding an expiratory pause and waiting for slight rise in baseline pressure 
C)  Assessing pressure generated in tubing at 100-200 mL volume 
D)  Dividing rate by tidal volume 
A)  Adding an inspiratory pause and stopping air flow 
B)  Adding an expiratory pause and waiting for slight rise in baseline pressure 
C)  Assessing pressure generated in tubing at 100-200 mL volume 
D)  Dividing rate by tidal volume

Question 9

If the volume wave form does not reach zero on exhalation,the practitioner can determine which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  Air trapping is present 
B)  PEEP has been turned on 
C)  There are secretions in the airway that should be suctioned 
D)  Tidal volume control is set too low 
A)  Air trapping is present 
B)  PEEP has been turned on 
C)  There are secretions in the airway that should be suctioned 
D)  Tidal volume control is set too low

Question 10

A breath that rises and then remains at a specific cmH₂O pressure for varying lengths of inspiratory is which type of breath?

Accepted Answer

A)  Spontaneous 
B)  Volume control 
C)  Pressure support 
D)  Pressure control 
A)  Spontaneous 
B)  Volume control 
C)  Pressure support 
D)  Pressure control

Question 11

Which of the following wave forms would be most useful in detecting changes in airway resistance especially after delivery of a bronchodilator?

Accepted Answer

A)  Pressure versus volume 
B)  Pressure versus time 
C)  Flow versus volume 
D)  Volume versus time 
A)  Pressure versus volume 
B)  Pressure versus time 
C)  Flow versus volume 
D)  Volume versus time

Question 12

The respiratory care practitioner wants to use the graphic display to determine the ventilator's tidal volume.Which of the following should he do?

Accepted Answer

A)  Read the Vt from the horizontal axis of the pressure time display 
B)  Read the Vt from the vertical axis of the volume time display 
C)  Read the Vt from the horizontal axis of the volume time display 
D)  Read the Vt from the vertical axis of the flow volume display 
A)  Read the Vt from the horizontal axis of the pressure time display 
B)  Read the Vt from the vertical axis of the volume time display 
C)  Read the Vt from the horizontal axis of the volume time display 
D)  Read the Vt from the vertical axis of the flow volume display

Question 13

The respiratory care practitioner is assessing a pressure versus volume loop and notices that it starts at zero and moves upward and to the left in a clockwise direction.Which of the following statement is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  This is normal for a positive pressure breath 
B)  This is normal for a spontaneous breath 
C)  This is abnormal. The therapist should manually ventilate the patient 
D)  This occurs when there is a leak in the endotracheal tube cuff 
A)  This is normal for a positive pressure breath 
B)  This is normal for a spontaneous breath 
C)  This is abnormal. The therapist should manually ventilate the patient 
D)  This occurs when there is a leak in the endotracheal tube cuff

Question 14

As the respiratory care practitioner assigned to a ventilator patient,how would you use ventilator graphics to identify patient effort?

Accepted Answer

Patient effort may be determined by obse

Question 15

Which of the following can be assessed using the pressure-time display?
I.Patient negative pressure trigger effort
II.Peak and plateau pressure
III.Adequacy of inspiratory flow
IV.Mode of ventilation

Accepted Answer

A)  I, II, III and IV 
B)  I, II and III 
C)  II, III and IV 
D)  I and II 
A)  I, II, III and IV 
B)  I, II and III 
C)  II, III and IV 
D)  I and II

Question 16

A steeper slope of the pressure versus volume loop indicates ________________

Accepted Answer

A)  overdistention. 
B)  increased compliance. 
C)  increased resistance. 
D)  increased work of breathing. 
A)  overdistention. 
B)  increased compliance. 
C)  increased resistance. 
D)  increased work of breathing.

Question 17

Which of the following are true regarding ventilator air trapping"
I.It is also called AutoMode.
II.It is detected when expiratory flow does not return to baseline prior to next inspiration.
III.It can be reduced by allowing more expiratory time.

Accepted Answer

A)  I, II and III 
B)  I and II 
C)  II and III 
D)  II only 
A)  I, II and III 
B)  I and II 
C)  II and III 
D)  II only

Question 18

Positive end expiratory pressure is identified on a pressure-time display by _______________

Accepted Answer

A)  noting the amount below the baseline pressure. 
B)  the rise in the baseline pressure. 
C)  using inspiratory hold. 
D)  checking the amount on the ventilation record. 
A)  noting the amount below the baseline pressure. 
B)  the rise in the baseline pressure. 
C)  using inspiratory hold. 
D)  checking the amount on the ventilation record.

Question 19

The wave form variables of flow,volume and pressure are most often plotted against ______________

Accepted Answer

A)  SpO₂. 
B)  mode. 
C)  time. 
D)  FIO₂. 
A)  SpO₂. 
B)  mode. 
C)  time. 
D)  FIO₂.

Question 20

The respiratory care practitioner notices the pressure vs time display rises slowly and shows a concave appearance on inspiration.The practitioner should determine whether _____________

Accepted Answer

A)  excessive volume is being delivered. 
B)  inspiratory hold is turned on. 
C)  flow is insufficient for patient demand. 
D)  the ventilator is malfunctioning. 
A)  excessive volume is being delivered. 
B)  inspiratory hold is turned on. 
C)  flow is insufficient for patient demand. 
D)  the ventilator is malfunctioning.

Exam 27: Wave Form Analysis

Peak pressure is which of the following?

Which of the following is true of the flow-volume loop? I.Flow is plotted on the vertical axis. II.It is commonly used in PF spirometry evaluation. III.It is done only after bronchodilator administration.

You have just place a patient with early ARDS onto a mechanical ventilator.Using ventilator graphics how will you monitor the patient's changing lung compliance?

Two scalar wave forms are combined to ___________________

Combinations of ventilator wave forms can indicate __________________

Which graphic displays can indicate adequacy of inspiratory flow during a ventilator inspiration and how are they used?

The respiratory care practitioner determines that a patient has increased airway resistance.How was this identified?

Static pressure is determined by which of the following methods?

If the volume wave form does not reach zero on exhalation,the practitioner can determine which of the following?

A breath that rises and then remains at a specific cmH₂O pressure for varying lengths of inspiratory is which type of breath?

Which of the following wave forms would be most useful in detecting changes in airway resistance especially after delivery of a bronchodilator?

The respiratory care practitioner wants to use the graphic display to determine the ventilator's tidal volume.Which of the following should he do?

The respiratory care practitioner is assessing a pressure versus volume loop and notices that it starts at zero and moves upward and to the left in a clockwise direction.Which of the following statement is true?

As the respiratory care practitioner assigned to a ventilator patient,how would you use ventilator graphics to identify patient effort?

Which of the following can be assessed using the pressure-time display? I.Patient negative pressure trigger effort II.Peak and plateau pressure III.Adequacy of inspiratory flow IV.Mode of ventilation

A steeper slope of the pressure versus volume loop indicates ________________

Which of the following are true regarding ventilator air trapping" I.It is also called AutoMode. II.It is detected when expiratory flow does not return to baseline prior to next inspiration. III.It can be reduced by allowing more expiratory time.

Positive end expiratory pressure is identified on a pressure-time display by _______________

The wave form variables of flow,volume and pressure are most often plotted against ______________

The respiratory care practitioner notices the pressure vs time display rises slowly and shows a concave appearance on inspiration.The practitioner should determine whether _____________

Basics of Asepsis

Basic Patient Assessment: Vital Signs and Breath Sounds

Advanced Patient Assessment: Inspection, Palpation, and Percussion

Radiologic Assessment

Pulmonary Function Testing

Electrocardiography

Phlebotomy

Arterial Blood Gas Sampling

Hemodynamic Monitoring

Noninvasive Monitoring

Documentation and Goals Assessment

Oxygen Supply Systems

Oxygen Administration

Introduction to Respiratory Care Pharmacology

Humidity and Aerosol Therapy

Bronchial Hygiene Therapy

Hyperinflation Therapy

Bronchoscopy Assisting

Equipment Processing and Surveillance

Emergency Airway Management

Artificial Airway Care

Chest Tubes

Insertion and Maintenance of Intravenous Lines

Noninvasive Positive-Pressure Ventilation

Continuous Mechanical Ventilation

Advanced Modes of Mechanical Ventilation

Weaning and Discontinuance of Mechanical Ventilation

Neonatal Mechanical Ventilation

Filters