Question 1

Caffeine and cocaine are both considered to be stimulant drugs.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  True

Question 2

Marijuana and heroin are both considered to be opioid drugs.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  False

Question 3

Describe three mechanisms that might explain why an alcohol-dependent individual might have to take more of the drug to experience the same effects.

Accepted Answer

The three mechanisms are 1)drug disposition tolerance - use of a drug that increases a drug's rate of metabolism or excretion,therefore requiring a greater dose to obtain the same result;2)behavioral tolerance - individuals learn to adapt to the altered state and compensate for the impairment;and 3)pharmacodynamic tolerance - sensitivity of neurons to a drug changes in an attempt by the brain to maintain its level of functioning within normal limits.

Question 4

According to the text,inexperienced drug users should avoid taking a drug via a route that increases the drug's potency.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

When use of a drug interferes with normal behavior,experienced users may learn to compensate and show less impairment than new users.This is an example of

Accepted Answer

A) drug disposition tolerance. 
B) behavioral tolerance. 
C) an active metabolite. 
D) a prodrug. 
A) drug disposition tolerance. 
B) behavioral tolerance. 
C) an active metabolite. 
D) a prodrug.

Question 6

In some cases,repeated use of a drug leads to pharmacodynamic tolerance,which is based on

Accepted Answer

A) altered liver function. 
B) learning. 
C) reduced sensitivity of neurons. 
D) slower metabolism. 
A) altered liver function. 
B) learning. 
C) reduced sensitivity of neurons. 
D) slower metabolism.

Question 7

For many psychoactive drugs,such as nicotine and cocaine,the fastest way to get an effect is by inhaling the drug's vapors.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

Most psychoactive drugs taken orally go directly from the stomach to the brain.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

The safety margin for a particular drug is based on the idea that

Accepted Answer

A) toxic doses will typically be larger than therapeutic doses. 
B) most drugs cause toxicity problems only when combined with other drugs. 
C) we need to determine an LD50 using human volunteers. 
D) we should only prescribe drugs that are not toxic even at high doses. 
A) toxic doses will typically be larger than therapeutic doses. 
B) most drugs cause toxicity problems only when combined with other drugs. 
C) we need to determine an LD50 using human volunteers. 
D) we should only prescribe drugs that are not toxic even at high doses.

Question 10

If you want to get very high concentrations of cocaine to the brain very rapidly,which route of administration would you probably use?

Accepted Answer

A) oral 
B) subcutaneous 
C) topical 
D) intravenous 
A) oral 
B) subcutaneous 
C) topical 
D) intravenous

Question 11

Describe three factors that can influence the time course of the behavioral effect of a drug,and show that you understand how each factor influences the time course.

Accepted Answer

1)route of administration,2)speed of abs

Question 12

,and coma to illustrate

Accepted Answer

A) how different drugs have different effects. 
B) that different drug-related effects can have different thresholds. 
C) the placebo effect. 
D) the grapefruit-juice effect. 
A) how different drugs have different effects. 
B) that different drug-related effects can have different thresholds. 
C) the placebo effect. 
D) the grapefruit-juice effect.

Question 13

The most common way for drug molecules to be deactivated is by

Accepted Answer

A) CYP450 enzymes in the liver. 
B) protein binding. 
C) elimination through the bowel. 
D) reuptake. 
A) CYP450 enzymes in the liver. 
B) protein binding. 
C) elimination through the bowel. 
D) reuptake.

Question 14

The time course of a drug's action depends on

Accepted Answer

A) how the drug is administered. 
B) how rapidly the drug is absorbed. 
C) how the drug is eliminated from the body. 
D) all of the above. 
A) how the drug is administered. 
B) how rapidly the drug is absorbed. 
C) how the drug is eliminated from the body. 
D) all of the above.

Question 15

Which of the following would be a reason for a drug company NOT to pursue expensive clinical trails with a new drug?

Accepted Answer

A) The drug produces no side effects. 
B) The drug produces side effects. 
C) The therapeutic index is greater than 1. 
D) The therapeutic index is less than 1. 
A) The drug produces no side effects. 
B) The drug produces side effects. 
C) The therapeutic index is greater than 1. 
D) The therapeutic index is less than 1.

Question 16

A drug's generic name can only be used by one company.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

Because the effects of stimulants and depressants counteract each other,taking these drugs in combination does not produce intoxication.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

Regardless of the route of administration,psychoactive drugs reach the brain tissue by way of the

Accepted Answer

A) meninges. 
B) spinal cord. 
C) bloodstream. 
D) liver. 
A) meninges. 
B) spinal cord. 
C) bloodstream. 
D) liver.

Question 19

Some drugs may act on all types of neurons by

Accepted Answer

A) blocking all receptor types. 
B) interfering with metabolism. 
C) preventing absorption of nutrients. 
D) altering the electrical potential across the cell membrane. 
A) blocking all receptor types. 
B) interfering with metabolism. 
C) preventing absorption of nutrients. 
D) altering the electrical potential across the cell membrane.

Question 20

What is the placebo effect? Describe some research techniques that have been developed to separate specific drug effects from placebo effects.

Accepted Answer

The placebo effect is an effect that doe

Caffeine and cocaine are both considered to be stimulant drugs.

Marijuana and heroin are both considered to be opioid drugs.

Describe three mechanisms that might explain why an alcohol-dependent individual might have to take more of the drug to experience the same effects.

According to the text,inexperienced drug users should avoid taking a drug via a route that increases the drug's potency.

When use of a drug interferes with normal behavior,experienced users may learn to compensate and show less impairment than new users.This is an example of

In some cases,repeated use of a drug leads to pharmacodynamic tolerance,which is based on

For many psychoactive drugs,such as nicotine and cocaine,the fastest way to get an effect is by inhaling the drug's vapors.

Most psychoactive drugs taken orally go directly from the stomach to the brain.

The safety margin for a particular drug is based on the idea that

If you want to get very high concentrations of cocaine to the brain very rapidly,which route of administration would you probably use?

Describe three factors that can influence the time course of the behavioral effect of a drug,and show that you understand how each factor influences the time course.

,and coma to illustrate

The most common way for drug molecules to be deactivated is by

The time course of a drug's action depends on

Which of the following would be a reason for a drug company NOT to pursue expensive clinical trails with a new drug?

A drug's generic name can only be used by one company.

Because the effects of stimulants and depressants counteract each other,taking these drugs in combination does not produce intoxication.

Regardless of the route of administration,psychoactive drugs reach the brain tissue by way of the

Some drugs may act on all types of neurons by

What is the placebo effect? Describe some research techniques that have been developed to separate specific drug effects from placebo effects.

Drug Use: An Overview

Drug Use As a Social Problem

Drug Policy

The Nervous System

Stimulants

Depressants and Inhalants

Medication for Mental Disorders

Alcohol

Tobacco

Caffeine

Dietary Supplements and Over-The-Counter Drugs

Opioids

Hallucinogens

Marijuana

Performance-Enhancing Drugs

Preventing Substance Abuse

Treating Substance Use Disorders

Filters

Exam 5: The Actions of Drugs

Caffeine and cocaine are both considered to be stimulant drugs.

Marijuana and heroin are both considered to be opioid drugs.

Describe three mechanisms that might explain why an alcohol-dependent individual might have to take more of the drug to experience the same effects.

According to the text,inexperienced drug users should avoid taking a drug via a route that increases the drug's potency.

When use of a drug interferes with normal behavior,experienced users may learn to compensate and show less impairment than new users.This is an example of

In some cases,repeated use of a drug leads to pharmacodynamic tolerance,which is based on

For many psychoactive drugs,such as nicotine and cocaine,the fastest way to get an effect is by inhaling the drug's vapors.

Most psychoactive drugs taken orally go directly from the stomach to the brain.

The safety margin for a particular drug is based on the idea that

If you want to get very high concentrations of cocaine to the brain very rapidly,which route of administration would you probably use?

Describe three factors that can influence the time course of the behavioral effect of a drug,and show that you understand how each factor influences the time course.

,and coma to illustrate

The most common way for drug molecules to be deactivated is by

The time course of a drug's action depends on

Which of the following would be a reason for a drug company NOT to pursue expensive clinical trails with a new drug?

A drug's generic name can only be used by one company.

Because the effects of stimulants and depressants counteract each other,taking these drugs in combination does not produce intoxication.

Regardless of the route of administration,psychoactive drugs reach the brain tissue by way of the

Some drugs may act on all types of neurons by

What is the placebo effect? Describe some research techniques that have been developed to separate specific drug effects from placebo effects.

Drug Use: An Overview

Drug Use As a Social Problem

Drug Policy

The Nervous System

Stimulants

Depressants and Inhalants

Medication for Mental Disorders

Alcohol

Tobacco

Caffeine

Dietary Supplements and Over-The-Counter Drugs

Opioids

Hallucinogens

Marijuana

Performance-Enhancing Drugs

Preventing Substance Abuse

Treating Substance Use Disorders

Filters