Exam 4: The Origin of Modern Astronomy

If the period of a body's orbit is doubled, then the distance from the host has ___________. Assume the units of period are years and the units of distance are A.U. Choose the best answer.

The law of gravitation is termed universal because it is a property of all material objects.

Galileo invented the telescope.

Newton's law of gravitational force is expressed as follows:

Kepler completed the Rudolphine Tables.

Once a theory has been tested thoroughly and is confidently believed by scientists, it becomes a ____________________.

____ orbit is one in which an object orbiting Earth has an orbital period equal to the rotation period of Earth.

Compare the circular velocities of the satellites and/or moons of Mars and Earth, using Reasoning with Number 4-1 as your guide. Which has the higher velocity and by how much

Kepler's second law of planetary motion states that the orbits of the planets are ellipses with the Sun at one focus.

Retrograde motion is from (north, south, east, west) to (north, south, east, west) as viewed from Earth.

The geometry of an ellipse is described by two numbers: the ____ which is half the longest diameter of the ellipse and the ____ which tells us the shape of the ellipse.

Which of the following books of tabulated predicted planet positions was not based on uniform circular motion

Ancient astronomers thought the heavens were perfect circles, spheres, and unblemished.

If a planet takes 140 years to orbit its host star, how far is it in units of A.U.

Ptolemy's model of the universe

The eccentricity of a planet's orbit describes

Uranus's orbital period is 84 years. How far is Uranus from the Sun

Direct motion of a planet is its normal motion ____________ among the stars.

Sit on the floor with your legs straight out, raise your straight arm out with your thumb up such that your thumb aligns with one of your big toes, rapidly blink your left and right eye, and observe how your big toe appears to shift positions. This demonstration is an example of _________________.

The Ptolemaic model of the universe was heliocentric.