Chat with AIExam 5: Motivation and Emotion
Compare and contrast the instinct theory and the self-determination theory of motivation.
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VerifiedOne of the earliest views on motivation was heavily influenced by the work of Charles Darwin and the theory of natural selection. Back in the 1800s, American psychologist William James proposed that motives are, in fact, genetically determined instincts that have evolved in humans because they support survival and procreation. According to James, instincts are impulses from within a person that direct or motivate that person's behavior. James proposed that we are motivated by more than 35 different innate instincts, including the impulse to love, fight, imitate, talk, and acquire things.
The idea that humans are motivated by different things is part of a broad theory of motivation called self-determination theory. According to self-determination theory, humans need to feel competent (skilled), autonomous (in control of our own behavior), and related (or connected) to others. As we try to meet these needs, we will at times experience autonomous motivation or controlled motivation. When we are autonomously motivated, we are self-motivated to engage in a behavior. For example, you might study for an exam because you want to do well on it. When we experience controlled motivation, we feel more compelled to engage in certain behaviors. For example, you may study for an exam because you want to please your parents or because you feel that you should work hard in school.
What statement about the mechanism of hunger and satiety is true?
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According to the Schachter-Singer two-factor theory of emotion, where should you take a blind date if you really want him or her to find you exciting and attractive?
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Helena works for a fast food restaurant, and for the last three months she has been named the employee of the month. In psychological terms, Helena appears to have a great deal of ____ to succeed at her job.
(46) Innate impulses from within a person that direct or motivate behavior are called ____.
(39) Which substance tends to be associated with feeling hungry when it is at a high level in our body?
(27) Your beloved cat was injured in a fall from a tree. Afterward, your cat seems to be ravenous all the time and gains a great deal of weight. Which part of your cat was most likely injured in the fall?
(25) If you have just eaten a large meal, it is likely that your ____ is actively monitoring the amount of glucose and glycogen in your body and helping to turn on or off your hunger.
(23) Drew is almost hit by a car while riding his bike. As a result, his heart is pounding, and he is sweaty and shaking. According to the James-Lange theory of emotion, Drew's emotion is the result of ____.
(35) According to Walter Cannon, if you experienced a very traumatic event, your emotional reaction of fear would originate in your ____.
(36) Doing a job well because you get to experience a sense of pride in your accomplishments is a good example of ____ motivation.
(36) One study found which aroma to evoke the greatest sexual response in males?
(36) CCK is secreted by the small intestines in response to ____.
(33) When you do not drink any fluids for several hours, your body sends information to your brain, causing you to be motivated to drink. This process is best explained by ____.
(38) The drive theory of motivation states that drives are ____.
(36) In the United States, what is the approximate lifetime risk of developing binge-eating disorder?
(25) Karl is batting in a championship baseball game with the bases loaded, two outs, and the winning run on third base with the crowd screaming. Karl is anxious and sweating. According to arousal theory, he is likely to show ____.
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