Question 1

An electrical synapse:

Accepted Answer

A) occurs at the synaptic cleft 
B) occurs frequently in mammals 
C) occurs at gap junctions between dendrites 
D) involves neurotransmitters 
E) helps neurons fire sequentially 
A) occurs at the synaptic cleft 
B) occurs frequently in mammals 
C) occurs at gap junctions between dendrites 
D) involves neurotransmitters 
E) helps neurons fire sequentially

Question 2

The direction of a neural impulse travels from proximal to distal along the dendrites to the soma of neurons.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

How does degeneration of the CNS differ from that of the PNS?

Accepted Answer

A) Only in the PNS does degeneration occur distal to the point of injury. 
B) Oligodendrocytes,like Schwann cells,provide trophic factors to sprouting axons. 
C) Groups of neurons in the vicinity of a lesion are more likely to die in the CNS than PNS. 
D) In the PNS,the clearance of debris of necrotic tissue occurs more slowly than in the CNS. 
A) Only in the PNS does degeneration occur distal to the point of injury. 
B) Oligodendrocytes,like Schwann cells,provide trophic factors to sprouting axons. 
C) Groups of neurons in the vicinity of a lesion are more likely to die in the CNS than PNS. 
D) In the PNS,the clearance of debris of necrotic tissue occurs more slowly than in the CNS.

Question 4

Channels in the cell membrane:

Accepted Answer

A) are always gated 
B) help maintain the concentration gradient 
C) may be voltage- or chemically-gated 
D) are selective to more than one ion per channel 
E) both B and C 
A) are always gated 
B) help maintain the concentration gradient 
C) may be voltage- or chemically-gated 
D) are selective to more than one ion per channel 
E) both B and C

Question 5

Depolarization occurs when:

Accepted Answer

A) the difference in potential across the cell membrane is −70 mV 
B) the difference in potential across the cell membrane is −55 mV 
C) the neuron has reached its resting potential 
D) there is a discharge of sodium ions into the extracellular space 
A) the difference in potential across the cell membrane is −70 mV 
B) the difference in potential across the cell membrane is −55 mV 
C) the neuron has reached its resting potential 
D) there is a discharge of sodium ions into the extracellular space

Question 6

Primary neuronal loss:

Accepted Answer

A) is variable in degree of damage and in the length of time it takes to occur 
B) occurs in the region adjacent to the neurological injury 
C) occurs immediately following a neurological injury 
D) occurs in the vicinity of the neurological injury 
E) both C and D 
A) is variable in degree of damage and in the length of time it takes to occur 
B) occurs in the region adjacent to the neurological injury 
C) occurs immediately following a neurological injury 
D) occurs in the vicinity of the neurological injury 
E) both C and D

Question 7

The major inhibitory neurotransmitter is:

Accepted Answer

A) dopamine 
B) epinephrine 
C) GABA 
D) glutamate 
E) the neuropeptides 
A) dopamine 
B) epinephrine 
C) GABA 
D) glutamate 
E) the neuropeptides

Question 8

During resting potential:

Accepted Answer

A) the extracellular fluid is 70 mV more negative than the cell's cytoplasm 
B) the cell is firing an impulse 
C) the cell is actively responding to impulses from other cells 
D) the ionic difference across the membrane is at a steady state 
E) none of the above 
A) the extracellular fluid is 70 mV more negative than the cell's cytoplasm 
B) the cell is firing an impulse 
C) the cell is actively responding to impulses from other cells 
D) the ionic difference across the membrane is at a steady state 
E) none of the above

Question 9

A neuron with an axon of small diameter will conduct neural impulses faster than a neuron with an axon of a large diameter.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

Axons of neurons:

Accepted Answer

A) vary greatly in number 
B) are relatively uniform in regard to conduction velocity 
C) conduct nerve impulses toward the neuron's cell body 
D) contain ribosomes 
E) vary greatly in diameter 
A) vary greatly in number 
B) are relatively uniform in regard to conduction velocity 
C) conduct nerve impulses toward the neuron's cell body 
D) contain ribosomes 
E) vary greatly in diameter

Question 11

Regarding the concentration gradient,all of the following are true EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

A) fluids across a membrane move from a higher to lower concentration 
B) the concentration of sodium ions in the interstitial fluid balances the concentration gradient 
C) protein ions in the intracellular fluid can permeate the neural cell membrane 
D) interstitial fluid contains a higher concentration of water than intracellular fluid 
E) sodium ions do not diffuse across the cell membrane 
A) fluids across a membrane move from a higher to lower concentration 
B) the concentration of sodium ions in the interstitial fluid balances the concentration gradient 
C) protein ions in the intracellular fluid can permeate the neural cell membrane 
D) interstitial fluid contains a higher concentration of water than intracellular fluid 
E) sodium ions do not diffuse across the cell membrane

Question 12

Delays in speech and language can be linked to delays in the development of myelin.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

Action potentials develop:

Accepted Answer

A) at the nodes of Ranvier 
B) only when a cell is hyperpolarized 
C) only in myelinated axons 
D) during the absolute refractory period 
A) at the nodes of Ranvier 
B) only when a cell is hyperpolarized 
C) only in myelinated axons 
D) during the absolute refractory period

Question 14

The pumps in the neural membrane open to both sides of the neuron simultaneously.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

A patient with Parkinson's disease has a deficiency in which neurotransmitter?

Accepted Answer

A) GABA 
B) glutamate 
C) l-dopa 
D) dopamine 
A) GABA 
B) glutamate 
C) l-dopa 
D) dopamine

An electrical synapse:

The direction of a neural impulse travels from proximal to distal along the dendrites to the soma of neurons.

How does degeneration of the CNS differ from that of the PNS?

Channels in the cell membrane:

Depolarization occurs when:

Primary neuronal loss:

The major inhibitory neurotransmitter is:

During resting potential:

A neuron with an axon of small diameter will conduct neural impulses faster than a neuron with an axon of a large diameter.

Axons of neurons:

Regarding the concentration gradient,all of the following are true EXCEPT:

Delays in speech and language can be linked to delays in the development of myelin.

Action potentials develop:

The pumps in the neural membrane open to both sides of the neuron simultaneously.

A patient with Parkinson's disease has a deficiency in which neurotransmitter?

Introduction to Speech-Language Neurology

Organization of the Nervous System I

Organization of the Nervous System II

Neurosensory Organization of Speech and Hearing

Neuromotor Control of Speech

The Cranial Nerves

Clinical Speech Syndromes of the Motor Systems

Pediatric Clinical Speech Syndromes: The Developing Brain

Central Language Mechanism and Learning

Adult Disorders of Language

Pediatric Disorders of Language

Filters

Exam 4: Neuronal Function in the Nervous System

An electrical synapse:

The direction of a neural impulse travels from proximal to distal along the dendrites to the soma of neurons.

How does degeneration of the CNS differ from that of the PNS?

Channels in the cell membrane:

Depolarization occurs when:

Primary neuronal loss:

The major inhibitory neurotransmitter is:

During resting potential:

A neuron with an axon of small diameter will conduct neural impulses faster than a neuron with an axon of a large diameter.

Axons of neurons:

Regarding the concentration gradient,all of the following are true EXCEPT:

Delays in speech and language can be linked to delays in the development of myelin.

Action potentials develop:

The pumps in the neural membrane open to both sides of the neuron simultaneously.

A patient with Parkinson's disease has a deficiency in which neurotransmitter?

Introduction to Speech-Language Neurology

Organization of the Nervous System I

Organization of the Nervous System II

Neurosensory Organization of Speech and Hearing

Neuromotor Control of Speech

The Cranial Nerves

Clinical Speech Syndromes of the Motor Systems

Pediatric Clinical Speech Syndromes: The Developing Brain

Central Language Mechanism and Learning

Adult Disorders of Language

Pediatric Disorders of Language

Filters