Question 1

Which of these substances is NOT reabsorbed by the proximal convoluted tubule

Accepted Answer

A) sodium 
B) lipids 
C) glucose 
D) water 
A) sodium 
B) lipids 
C) glucose 
D) water B

Question 2

Which one of these statements is NOT a step in transepithelial transport

Accepted Answer

A) movement of the substance through the cytosol of the tubular cell 
B) movement of the substance across the glomerular capillary wall 
C) movement of the substance across the luminal membrane of the tubular cell 
D) movement of the substance through the interstitial fluid 
A) movement of the substance through the cytosol of the tubular cell 
B) movement of the substance across the glomerular capillary wall 
C) movement of the substance across the luminal membrane of the tubular cell 
D) movement of the substance through the interstitial fluid B

Question 3

The Tm represents the maximum amount of a particular substance that can be excreted in the urine per unit of time.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  False

Question 4

Match the chemicals, .labelled a. through f., with their correct characteristics. (Options may be used more than once or not at all.)
-acted upon by converting enzyme

Accepted Answer

A) renin 
B) angiotensinogen 
C) angiotensin I 
D) angiotensin II 
E) aldosterone
F)atrial natriuretic peptide 
A) renin 
B) angiotensinogen 
C) angiotensin I 
D) angiotensin II 
E) aldosterone
F)atrial natriuretic peptide

Question 5

Given the following data for substance X, how much of substance X is filtered, reabsorbed, and excreted GFR = 125 mL/min; Tm = 125 mg/min at a plasma concentration of 200 mg/100 mL

Accepted Answer

A) 125 mg/min filtered, 125 mg/min reabsorbed, 0 mg/min excreted 
B) 200 mg/min filtered, 125 mg/min reabsorbed, 75 mg/min excreted 
C) 250 mg/min filtered, 125 mg/min reabsorbed, 125 mg/min excreted 
D) 250 mg/min filtered, 200 mg/min reabsorbed, 50 mg/min excreted 
A) 125 mg/min filtered, 125 mg/min reabsorbed, 0 mg/min excreted 
B) 200 mg/min filtered, 125 mg/min reabsorbed, 75 mg/min excreted 
C) 250 mg/min filtered, 125 mg/min reabsorbed, 125 mg/min excreted 
D) 250 mg/min filtered, 200 mg/min reabsorbed, 50 mg/min excreted

Question 6

Match the chemicals, .labelled a. through f., with their correct characteristics. (Options may be used more than once or not at all.)
-secretion directly stimulated by angiotensin II.

Accepted Answer

A) renin 
B) angiotensinogen 
C) angiotensin I 
D) angiotensin II 
E) aldosterone
F)atrial natriuretic peptide 
A) renin 
B) angiotensinogen 
C) angiotensin I 
D) angiotensin II 
E) aldosterone
F)atrial natriuretic peptide

Question 7

Match the effects, labelled a. through c., with the statements. (Options may be used more than once or not at all.)
-Increased osmolarity of body fluids __________ vasopressin secretion.

Accepted Answer

A) increases 
B) decreases 
C) has no effect on 
A) increases 
B) decreases 
C) has no effect on

Question 8

One can deliberately prevent urination in spite of the micturition reflex by voluntarily inhibiting the parasympathetic supply to the bladder to halt bladder contraction.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

Which of these statements applies to water reabsorption

Accepted Answer

A) It is under the control of vasopressin throughout the length of the nephron. 
B) The ascending limb of the loop of Henle is always impermeable to water. 
C) Vasopressin makes the distal and collecting tubules impermeable to water. 
D) Fifteen percent of the filtered water osmotically follows the absorption of Na⁺ and other solutes in the proximal tubule. 
A) It is under the control of vasopressin throughout the length of the nephron. 
B) The ascending limb of the loop of Henle is always impermeable to water. 
C) Vasopressin makes the distal and collecting tubules impermeable to water. 
D) Fifteen percent of the filtered water osmotically follows the absorption of Na⁺ and other solutes in the proximal tubule.

Question 10

Which of these statements does NOT refer to atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP)

Accepted Answer

A) It is released from the cardiac atria when the ECF volume is reduced. 
B) It inhibits Na⁺ reabsorption in the distal parts of the nephron. 
C) It inhibits renin secretion by the kidneys. 
D) It inhibits aldosterone secretion by the adrenal cortex. 
A) It is released from the cardiac atria when the ECF volume is reduced. 
B) It inhibits Na⁺ reabsorption in the distal parts of the nephron. 
C) It inhibits renin secretion by the kidneys. 
D) It inhibits aldosterone secretion by the adrenal cortex.

Question 11

The micturition reflex controls bladder emptying in adults.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

Match the substances, labelled a. through f., with the processes listed.
-not filtered

Accepted Answer

A) K⁺ 
B) glucose 
C) inulin 
D) plasma protein 
E) urea
F)H⁺ 
A) K⁺ 
B) glucose 
C) inulin 
D) plasma protein 
E) urea
F)H⁺

Question 13

Tubular reabsorption and tubular secretion are highly selective processes, whereas glomerular filtration is not.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

Which of these factors is NOT involved in the process of preventing micturition in spite of initiation of the reflex

Accepted Answer

A) the cerebral cortex 
B) voluntary stimulation of the motor neuron supplying the external urethral sphincter 
C) voluntary stimulation of the internal urethral sphincter via its parasympathetic nerve supply 
A) the cerebral cortex 
B) voluntary stimulation of the motor neuron supplying the external urethral sphincter 
C) voluntary stimulation of the internal urethral sphincter via its parasympathetic nerve supply

Question 15

Which segment of the nephron is NOT permeable to H₂O a., even in the presence of vasopressin

Accepted Answer

A) proximal tubule 
B) ascending limb of the loop of Henle 
C) descending limb of the loop of Henle 
D) distal tubule 
A) proximal tubule 
B) ascending limb of the loop of Henle 
C) descending limb of the loop of Henle 
D) distal tubule

Question 16

Which of these statements does NOT refer to tubular reabsorption

Accepted Answer

A) It refers to the movement of a substance from the tubular fluid to the peritubular capillary blood. 
B) It is important for the conservation of substances important to the body, such as Na⁺, Cl-, glucose, and amino acids. 
C) It can occur by active or passive transport mechanisms. 
D) It takes place only in the proximal tubule. 
A) It refers to the movement of a substance from the tubular fluid to the peritubular capillary blood. 
B) It is important for the conservation of substances important to the body, such as Na⁺, Cl-, glucose, and amino acids. 
C) It can occur by active or passive transport mechanisms. 
D) It takes place only in the proximal tubule.

Question 17

Which nephron structure is especially important in the kidney's ability to produce urine of varying concentration

Accepted Answer

A) Bowman's capsule 
B) proximal tubule 
C) distal tubule 
D) loop of Henle 
A) Bowman's capsule 
B) proximal tubule 
C) distal tubule 
D) loop of Henle

Question 18

Match the renal functions, labelled a. through d., with the correct terms.
-glomerular filtration

Accepted Answer

A) movement of substances from the peritubular capillary blood into the tubular lumen 
B) movement of substances from the glomerular capillary blood into the tubular lumen 
C) everything filtered or secreted that is not subsequently reabsorbed 
D) movement of substances from the tubular lumen into the peritubular capillary blood 
A) movement of substances from the peritubular capillary blood into the tubular lumen 
B) movement of substances from the glomerular capillary blood into the tubular lumen 
C) everything filtered or secreted that is not subsequently reabsorbed 
D) movement of substances from the tubular lumen into the peritubular capillary blood

Question 19

The amount of glucose reabsorbed is directly proportional to the plasma glucose concentration at all plasma glucose concentrations.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

Which of these statements does NOT apply to micturition

Accepted Answer

A) It is the process of emptying the bladder. 
B) It is a sympathetic reflex. 
C) It is initiated when stretch receptors in the bladder wall are excited. 
D) The internal urethral sphincter is under involuntary control. 
A) It is the process of emptying the bladder. 
B) It is a sympathetic reflex. 
C) It is initiated when stretch receptors in the bladder wall are excited. 
D) The internal urethral sphincter is under involuntary control.

Which of these substances is NOT reabsorbed by the proximal convoluted tubule

Which one of these statements is NOT a step in transepithelial transport

The Tm represents the maximum amount of a particular substance that can be excreted in the urine per unit of time.

Match the chemicals, .labelled a. through f., with their correct characteristics. (Options may be used more than once or not at all.) -acted upon by converting enzyme

Given the following data for substance X, how much of substance X is filtered, reabsorbed, and excreted GFR = 125 mL/min; Tm = 125 mg/min at a plasma concentration of 200 mg/100 mL

Match the chemicals, .labelled a. through f., with their correct characteristics. (Options may be used more than once or not at all.) -secretion directly stimulated by angiotensin II.

Match the effects, labelled a. through c., with the statements. (Options may be used more than once or not at all.) -Increased osmolarity of body fluids __________ vasopressin secretion.

One can deliberately prevent urination in spite of the micturition reflex by voluntarily inhibiting the parasympathetic supply to the bladder to halt bladder contraction.

Which of these statements applies to water reabsorption

Which of these statements does NOT refer to atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP)

The micturition reflex controls bladder emptying in adults.

Match the substances, labelled a. through f., with the processes listed. -not filtered

Tubular reabsorption and tubular secretion are highly selective processes, whereas glomerular filtration is not.

Which of these factors is NOT involved in the process of preventing micturition in spite of initiation of the reflex

Which segment of the nephron is NOT permeable to H₂O a., even in the presence of vasopressin

Which of these statements does NOT refer to tubular reabsorption

Which nephron structure is especially important in the kidney's ability to produce urine of varying concentration

Match the renal functions, labelled a. through d., with the correct terms. -glomerular filtration

The amount of glucose reabsorbed is directly proportional to the plasma glucose concentration at all plasma glucose concentrations.

Which of these statements does NOT apply to micturition

The Foundation of Physiology

Cell Physiology

The Central Nervous System

The Peripheral Nervous System: Sensory, Autonomic, Somatic

Principles of Endocrinology: The Central Endocrine Glands

The Endocrine Glands

Muscle Physiology

Cardiac Physiology

Vascular Physiology

The Blood

Body Defences

The Respiratory System

Fluid and Acidbase Balance

The Digestive System

Energy Balance and Temperature Regulation

The Reproductive System

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Exam 13: The Urinary System

Which of these substances is NOT reabsorbed by the proximal convoluted tubule

Which one of these statements is NOT a step in transepithelial transport

The Tm represents the maximum amount of a particular substance that can be excreted in the urine per unit of time.

Match the chemicals, .labelled a. through f., with their correct characteristics. (Options may be used more than once or not at all.) -acted upon by converting enzyme

Given the following data for substance X, how much of substance X is filtered, reabsorbed, and excreted GFR = 125 mL/min; Tm = 125 mg/min at a plasma concentration of 200 mg/100 mL

Match the chemicals, .labelled a. through f., with their correct characteristics. (Options may be used more than once or not at all.) -secretion directly stimulated by angiotensin II.

Match the effects, labelled a. through c., with the statements. (Options may be used more than once or not at all.) -Increased osmolarity of body fluids __________ vasopressin secretion.

One can deliberately prevent urination in spite of the micturition reflex by voluntarily inhibiting the parasympathetic supply to the bladder to halt bladder contraction.

Which of these statements applies to water reabsorption

Which of these statements does NOT refer to atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP)

The micturition reflex controls bladder emptying in adults.

Match the substances, labelled a. through f., with the processes listed. -not filtered

Tubular reabsorption and tubular secretion are highly selective processes, whereas glomerular filtration is not.

Which of these factors is NOT involved in the process of preventing micturition in spite of initiation of the reflex

Which segment of the nephron is NOT permeable to H₂O a., even in the presence of vasopressin

Which of these statements does NOT refer to tubular reabsorption

Which nephron structure is especially important in the kidney's ability to produce urine of varying concentration

Match the renal functions, labelled a. through d., with the correct terms. -glomerular filtration

The amount of glucose reabsorbed is directly proportional to the plasma glucose concentration at all plasma glucose concentrations.

Which of these statements does NOT apply to micturition

The Foundation of Physiology

Cell Physiology

The Central Nervous System

The Peripheral Nervous System: Sensory, Autonomic, Somatic

Principles of Endocrinology: The Central Endocrine Glands

The Endocrine Glands

Muscle Physiology

Cardiac Physiology

Vascular Physiology

The Blood

Body Defences

The Respiratory System

Fluid and Acidbase Balance

The Digestive System

Energy Balance and Temperature Regulation

The Reproductive System

Filters