Question 1

Digoxin exerts a (-) chronotropic effect and (+) inotropic effect.Which of the following describes these effects?

Accepted Answer

A) Slows heart rate and decreases cardiac output 
B) Increases heart rate and increases systemic vascular resistance 
C) Decreases heart rate and decreases stroke volume 
D) Decreases heart rate and strengthens myocardial contraction 
A) Slows heart rate and decreases cardiac output 
B) Increases heart rate and increases systemic vascular resistance 
C) Decreases heart rate and decreases stroke volume 
D) Decreases heart rate and strengthens myocardial contraction

Question 2

Which of the following is least likely to increase cardiac output?

Accepted Answer

A) Increased heart rate 
B) Increased stroke volume 
C) Increased venous return 
D) Vagal discharge 
A) Increased heart rate 
B) Increased stroke volume 
C) Increased venous return 
D) Vagal discharge

Question 3

A patient in heart failure is given a drug that is classified as a beta₁-adrenergic agonist.The drug

Accepted Answer

A) blocks the Beta₁-adrenergic receptors and causes a (-) chronotropic and (-) inotropic effect. 
B) activates the Beta₁-adrenergic receptors and causes bronchoconstriction. 
C) activates the Beta₁-adrenergic receptors and causes a (+) inotropic effect. 
D) activates the vagus nerve,thereby slowing heart rate and strengthening myocardial contraction. 
A) blocks the Beta₁-adrenergic receptors and causes a (-) chronotropic and (-) inotropic effect. 
B) activates the Beta₁-adrenergic receptors and causes bronchoconstriction. 
C) activates the Beta₁-adrenergic receptors and causes a (+) inotropic effect. 
D) activates the vagus nerve,thereby slowing heart rate and strengthening myocardial contraction.

Question 4

What term refers to the amount of blood pumped by the ventricle in one beat?

Accepted Answer

A) Cardiac output 
B) Blood volume 
C) Hematocrit 
D) Stroke volume 
A) Cardiac output 
B) Blood volume 
C) Hematocrit 
D) Stroke volume

Question 5

Which of the following is descriptive of a drug that causes a (+) inotropic effect,a (+) dromotropic effect,and a (+) chronotropic effect?

Accepted Answer

A) Vagomimetic 
B) Sympathomimetic 
C) Antimuscarinic 
D) Vagolytic 
A) Vagomimetic 
B) Sympathomimetic 
C) Antimuscarinic 
D) Vagolytic

Question 6

Which of the following is most apt to cause a (+) inotropic effect?

Accepted Answer

A) Activation of the alpha1-adrenergic receptors by ACh 
B) Activation of the muscarinic receptors by NE 
C) Blockade of alpha1-adrenergic receptors 
D) Use of a Beta₁-adrenergic agonist 
A) Activation of the alpha1-adrenergic receptors by ACh 
B) Activation of the muscarinic receptors by NE 
C) Blockade of alpha1-adrenergic receptors 
D) Use of a Beta₁-adrenergic agonist

Question 7

Sympathetic nerve stimulation of the myocardium

Accepted Answer

A) causes a (+) inotropic effect. 
B) decreases cardiac output. 
C) decreases heart rate. 
D) decreases stroke volume. 
A) causes a (+) inotropic effect. 
B) decreases cardiac output. 
C) decreases heart rate. 
D) decreases stroke volume.

Question 8

Which of the following is least related to tachydysrhythmias?

Accepted Answer

A) Sympathetic nervous system activation 
B) Beta₁-adrenergic receptor activation 
C) (+) Dromotropic effect 
D) Vagal discharge 
A) Sympathetic nervous system activation 
B) Beta₁-adrenergic receptor activation 
C) (+) Dromotropic effect 
D) Vagal discharge

Question 9

Jugular vein distention is most associated with

Accepted Answer

A) right-sided heart failure. 
B) aortic valve stenosis. 
C) left wall infarct and left ventricular failure. 
D) low volume shock right-sided heart failure. 
A) right-sided heart failure. 
B) aortic valve stenosis. 
C) left wall infarct and left ventricular failure. 
D) low volume shock right-sided heart failure.

Question 10

Digoxin,a drug used in the treatment of heart failure,increases contractile force and is therefore called a

Accepted Answer

A) diuretic. 
B) (+) dromotropic agent. 
C) (+) inotropic agent. 
D) (+) chronotropic agent. 
A) diuretic. 
B) (+) dromotropic agent. 
C) (+) inotropic agent. 
D) (+) chronotropic agent.

Question 11

Which of the following drugs is sympathomimetic?

Accepted Answer

A) Beta₁-adrenergic blocker 
B) Muscarinic agonist 
C) Vagolytic 
D) Beta₁-adrenergic agonist 
A) Beta₁-adrenergic blocker 
B) Muscarinic agonist 
C) Vagolytic 
D) Beta₁-adrenergic agonist

Question 12

Activation of the muscarinic receptors by acetylcholine

Accepted Answer

A) increases myocardial contractile force. 
B) causes a (+) chronotropic effect. 
C) increases cardiac output. 
D) slows heart rate. 
A) increases myocardial contractile force. 
B) causes a (+) chronotropic effect. 
C) increases cardiac output. 
D) slows heart rate.

Question 13

Milliliters/beat× beats/min defines

Accepted Answer

A) stroke volume. 
B) ejection fraction. 
C) cardiac reserve. 
D) cardiac output. 
A) stroke volume. 
B) ejection fraction. 
C) cardiac reserve. 
D) cardiac output.

Question 14

With which term is afterload most associated?

Accepted Answer

A) Preload 
B) End-diastolic volume 
C) Resistance 
D) Hypoxemia 
A) Preload 
B) End-diastolic volume 
C) Resistance 
D) Hypoxemia

Question 15

A stenotic aortic valve

Accepted Answer

A) causes right ventricular hypertrophy and right-sided heart failure. 
B) increases afterload,thereby increasing the work of the left ventricle. 
C) causes a right-to-left shunt. 
D) is a narrowing of the right semilunar valve. 
A) causes right ventricular hypertrophy and right-sided heart failure. 
B) increases afterload,thereby increasing the work of the left ventricle. 
C) causes a right-to-left shunt. 
D) is a narrowing of the right semilunar valve.

Question 16

Which of the following is the best description of systole and diastole?

Accepted Answer

A) Atria and ventricles 
B) Depolarization and repolarization 
C) Contraction and relaxation 
D) Heart rate and stroke volume 
A) Atria and ventricles 
B) Depolarization and repolarization 
C) Contraction and relaxation 
D) Heart rate and stroke volume

Question 17

Which of the following is the most likely consequence of a very rapid heart rate?

Accepted Answer

A) Decreased ventricular filling (with blood) 
B) Failure of the AV valves to open 
C) Failure of the SA node to fire 
D) Failure of the cardiac impulse to enter the His-Purkinje system 
A) Decreased ventricular filling (with blood) 
B) Failure of the AV valves to open 
C) Failure of the SA node to fire 
D) Failure of the cardiac impulse to enter the His-Purkinje system

Question 18

What is the term that refers to an increase in stroke volume in response to the stretching of the heart?

Accepted Answer

A) Starling's law of the heart 
B) A positive inotropic effect 
C) Heart block 
D) Angina pectoris 
A) Starling's law of the heart 
B) A positive inotropic effect 
C) Heart block 
D) Angina pectoris

Question 19

Which of the following is happening during atrial systole?

Accepted Answer

A) The ventricles are relaxed. 
B) The AV valves are closed. 
C) The atria pump blood into the ventricles. 
D) Both A and C are true. 
A) The ventricles are relaxed. 
B) The AV valves are closed. 
C) The atria pump blood into the ventricles. 
D) Both A and C are true.

Question 20

Which of the following is most likely to relieve an anxiety-induced tachycardia?

Accepted Answer

A) Vagolytic drug 
B) Beta₁-adrenergic agonist 
C) Sympathomimetic 
D) Beta₁-adrenergic blocker 
A) Vagolytic drug 
B) Beta₁-adrenergic agonist 
C) Sympathomimetic 
D) Beta₁-adrenergic blocker

Exam 17: Function of the Heart

Digoxin exerts a (-) chronotropic effect and (+) inotropic effect.Which of the following describes these effects?

Which of the following is least likely to increase cardiac output?

A patient in heart failure is given a drug that is classified as a beta₁-adrenergic agonist.The drug

What term refers to the amount of blood pumped by the ventricle in one beat?

Which of the following is descriptive of a drug that causes a (+) inotropic effect,a (+) dromotropic effect,and a (+) chronotropic effect?

Which of the following is most apt to cause a (+) inotropic effect?

Sympathetic nerve stimulation of the myocardium

Which of the following is least related to tachydysrhythmias?

Jugular vein distention is most associated with

Digoxin,a drug used in the treatment of heart failure,increases contractile force and is therefore called a

Which of the following drugs is sympathomimetic?

Activation of the muscarinic receptors by acetylcholine

Milliliters/beat× beats/min defines

With which term is afterload most associated?

A stenotic aortic valve

Which of the following is the best description of systole and diastole?

Which of the following is the most likely consequence of a very rapid heart rate?

What is the term that refers to an increase in stroke volume in response to the stretching of the heart?

Which of the following is happening during atrial systole?

Which of the following is most likely to relieve an anxiety-induced tachycardia?

Introduction to the Human Body

Basic Chemistry

Cells

Cell Metabolism

Microbiology Basics

Tissues and Membranes

Integumentary System and Body Temperature

Skeletal System

Muscular System

Nervous System: Nervous Tissue and Brain

Nervous System: Spinal Cord and Peripheral Nerves

Autonomic Nervous System

Sensory System

Endocrine System

Blood

Anatomy of the Heart

Anatomy of the Blood Vessels and Special Circulations

Functions of the Blood Vessels

Lymphatic System

Immune System

Respiratory System

Digestive System

Urinary System

Water, Electrolyte, and Acidbase Balance

Reproductive Systems

Human Development and Heredity

Filters