Question 1

Which of the following are by-products of photoelectric absorption?

Accepted Answer

A) Photoelectron and Compton-scattered electron 
B) Low-energy scattered x-ray photon and characteristic photon 
C) Low-energy scattered x-ray photon and Compton-scattered electron 
D) Photoelectron and characteristic photon 
A) Photoelectron and Compton-scattered electron 
B) Low-energy scattered x-ray photon and characteristic photon 
C) Low-energy scattered x-ray photon and Compton-scattered electron 
D) Photoelectron and characteristic photon D

Question 2

If two anatomic structures have the same density and atomic number but one is twice as thick as the other,the thicker structure will absorb

Accepted Answer

A) the same number of x-ray photons. 
B) twice as many x-ray photons. 
C) four times the number of x-ray photons. 
D) eight times the number of x-ray photons. 
A) the same number of x-ray photons. 
B) twice as many x-ray photons. 
C) four times the number of x-ray photons. 
D) eight times the number of x-ray photons. B

Question 3

During the process of coherent scattering,an incident low-energy x-ray photon interacts with

Accepted Answer

A) a single inner-shell electron,ejecting it from its orbit. 
B) a single outer-shell electron,ejecting it from its orbit. 
C) an atom and may transfer its energy by causing some or all of the electrons of the atom to momentarily vibrate and radiate energy in the form of electromagnetic waves. 
D) a scattered photon of lesser energy,annihilating it. 
A) a single inner-shell electron,ejecting it from its orbit. 
B) a single outer-shell electron,ejecting it from its orbit. 
C) an atom and may transfer its energy by causing some or all of the electrons of the atom to momentarily vibrate and radiate energy in the form of electromagnetic waves. 
D) a scattered photon of lesser energy,annihilating it. C

Question 4

The symbol Z indicates

Accepted Answer

A) atomic number of an atom. 
B) atomic weight of an atom. 
C) fluorescent yield. 
D) the number of vacancies in an atomic shell. 
A) atomic number of an atom. 
B) atomic weight of an atom. 
C) fluorescent yield. 
D) the number of vacancies in an atomic shell.

Question 5

Which two interactions between x-radiation and matter may result in the production of small-angle scatter?

Accepted Answer

A) Photoelectric absorption and Compton scattering 
B) Coherent scattering and Compton scattering 
C) Photoelectric absorption and pair production 
D) Coherent scattering and pair production 
A) Photoelectric absorption and Compton scattering 
B) Coherent scattering and Compton scattering 
C) Photoelectric absorption and pair production 
D) Coherent scattering and pair production

Question 6

Which of the following interactions results in the conversion of matter into energy?

Accepted Answer

A) Classical scattering 
B) Photoelectric absorption 
C) Modified scattering 
D) Annihilation reaction 
A) Classical scattering 
B) Photoelectric absorption 
C) Modified scattering 
D) Annihilation reaction

Question 7

What is the term for the number of x-rays emitted per inner-shell vacancy during the process of photoelectric absorption?

Accepted Answer

A) Characteristic absorption 
B) Classical gain 
C) Fluorescent yield 
D) Modified pair production 
A) Characteristic absorption 
B) Classical gain 
C) Fluorescent yield 
D) Modified pair production

Question 8

Which of the following results in all-directional scatter?

Accepted Answer

A) Classical interaction 
B) Coherent interaction 
C) Photoelectric interaction 
D) Compton interaction 
A) Classical interaction 
B) Coherent interaction 
C) Photoelectric interaction 
D) Compton interaction

Question 9

Compton scattering is synonymous with

Accepted Answer

A) coherent scattering. 
B) incoherent scattering. 
C) photoelectric absorption. 
D) photodisintegration. 
A) coherent scattering. 
B) incoherent scattering. 
C) photoelectric absorption. 
D) photodisintegration.

Question 10

The x-ray photon energy required to initiate pair production is

Accepted Answer

A) 0.511 keV. 
B) 1.022 keV. 
C) 0.511 MeV. 
D) 1.022 MeV. 
A) 0.511 keV. 
B) 1.022 keV. 
C) 0.511 MeV. 
D) 1.022 MeV.

Question 11

What is the effective atomic number of compact bone?

Accepted Answer

A) 5.9 
B) 7.4 
C) 7.6 
D) 13.8 
A) 5.9 
B) 7.4 
C) 7.6 
D) 13.8

Question 12

Since the density of air is approximately _________________ than that of soft tissue,a given volume of air will interact with far fewer x-ray photons than adjacent regions of soft tissue,thereby permitting more radiation to reach the image receptor.

Accepted Answer

A) 1000 times smaller 
B) 1000 times larger 
C) 100 times smaller 
D) 100 times lager 
A) 1000 times smaller 
B) 1000 times larger 
C) 100 times smaller 
D) 100 times lager

Question 13

Which of the following interactions between x-ray photons with matter involve a matter-antimatter annihilation reaction?

Accepted Answer

A) Compton scattering 
B) Coherent scattering 
C) Pair production 
D) Photoelectric absorption 
A) Compton scattering 
B) Coherent scattering 
C) Pair production 
D) Photoelectric absorption

Question 14

In photoelectric absorption to dislodge an inner-shell electron from its atomic orbit,the incoming x-ray photon must be able to transfer a quantity of energy

Accepted Answer

A) less than the energy that holds the atom together. 
B) 10 times as great as the energy that holds the atom together. 
C) as large as or larger than the amount of energy that holds the electron in its orbit. 
D) equal to or greater than 1.022 MeV,regardless of the energy that holds the electron in its orbit. 
A) less than the energy that holds the atom together. 
B) 10 times as great as the energy that holds the atom together. 
C) as large as or larger than the amount of energy that holds the electron in its orbit. 
D) equal to or greater than 1.022 MeV,regardless of the energy that holds the electron in its orbit.

Question 15

Although coherent scattering is most likely to occur ____________,some of this unmodified scattering occurs throughout the diagnostic range and may result in small amounts of radiographic fog.

Accepted Answer

A) at less than 10 keV 
B) between 30 keV and 60 keV 
C) between 60 keV and 90 keV 
D) above 100 keV 
A) at less than 10 keV 
B) between 30 keV and 60 keV 
C) between 60 keV and 90 keV 
D) above 100 keV

Question 16

Which of the following is not a type of interaction between x-radiation and biologic matter?

Accepted Answer

A) Compton scattering 
B) Bremsstrahlung 
C) Pair production 
D) Photoelectric absorption 
A) Compton scattering 
B) Bremsstrahlung 
C) Pair production 
D) Photoelectric absorption

Question 17

Particles associated with electromagnetic radiation that have neither mass nor electric charge are

Accepted Answer

A) ions. 
B) negatrons. 
C) positrons. 
D) x-ray photons. 
A) ions. 
B) negatrons. 
C) positrons. 
D) x-ray photons.

Question 18

X-rays are carriers of

Accepted Answer

A) disease. 
B) electrons. 
C) fluorescent properties that make them visible. 
D) manmade electromagnetic energy. 
A) disease. 
B) electrons. 
C) fluorescent properties that make them visible. 
D) manmade electromagnetic energy.

Question 19

Annihilation radiation is used in which of the following modalities?

Accepted Answer

A) Computed tomography 
B) Digital mammography 
C) Positron emission tomography 
D) Computed radiography 
A) Computed tomography 
B) Digital mammography 
C) Positron emission tomography 
D) Computed radiography

Question 20

When an inner electron is removed from an atom in a photoelectric interaction,thus causing an inner-shell vacancy,the energy liberated when this vacancy is filled can be transferred to another electron of the atom,thereby ejecting that electron,instead of emerging from the atom as characteristic radiation.What is this electron called?

Accepted Answer

A) Auger electron 
B) Compton electron 
C) Edison electron 
D) Sievert electron 
A) Auger electron 
B) Compton electron 
C) Edison electron 
D) Sievert electron

Which of the following are by-products of photoelectric absorption?

If two anatomic structures have the same density and atomic number but one is twice as thick as the other,the thicker structure will absorb

During the process of coherent scattering,an incident low-energy x-ray photon interacts with

The symbol Z indicates

Which two interactions between x-radiation and matter may result in the production of small-angle scatter?

Which of the following interactions results in the conversion of matter into energy?

What is the term for the number of x-rays emitted per inner-shell vacancy during the process of photoelectric absorption?

Which of the following results in all-directional scatter?

Compton scattering is synonymous with

The x-ray photon energy required to initiate pair production is

What is the effective atomic number of compact bone?

Since the density of air is approximately _________________ than that of soft tissue,a given volume of air will interact with far fewer x-ray photons than adjacent regions of soft tissue,thereby permitting more radiation to reach the image receptor.

Which of the following interactions between x-ray photons with matter involve a matter-antimatter annihilation reaction?

In photoelectric absorption to dislodge an inner-shell electron from its atomic orbit,the incoming x-ray photon must be able to transfer a quantity of energy

Although coherent scattering is most likely to occur ____________,some of this unmodified scattering occurs throughout the diagnostic range and may result in small amounts of radiographic fog.

Which of the following is not a type of interaction between x-radiation and biologic matter?

Particles associated with electromagnetic radiation that have neither mass nor electric charge are

X-rays are carriers of

Annihilation radiation is used in which of the following modalities?

Introduction to Radiation Protection

Radiation: Types, Sources, and Doses Received

Radiation Quantities and Units

Radiation Monitoring

Overview of Cell Biology

Molecular and Cellular Radiation Biology

Early Tissue Reactions and Their Effects on Organ Systems

Stochastic Effects and Late Tissue Reactions of Radiation in Organ Systems

Dose Limits for Exposure to Ionizing Radiation

Equipment Design for Radiation Protection

Management of Patient Radiation Dose During Diagnostic X-Ray Procedures

Special Considerations on Safety in Computed Tomography and Mammography

Management of Imaging Personnel Radiation Dose During X-Ray Procedures

Radioisotopes and Radiation Protection

Filters

Exam 3: Interaction of X-Radiation With Matter

Which of the following are by-products of photoelectric absorption?

If two anatomic structures have the same density and atomic number but one is twice as thick as the other,the thicker structure will absorb

During the process of coherent scattering,an incident low-energy x-ray photon interacts with

The symbol Z indicates

Which two interactions between x-radiation and matter may result in the production of small-angle scatter?

Which of the following interactions results in the conversion of matter into energy?

What is the term for the number of x-rays emitted per inner-shell vacancy during the process of photoelectric absorption?

Which of the following results in all-directional scatter?

Compton scattering is synonymous with

The x-ray photon energy required to initiate pair production is

What is the effective atomic number of compact bone?

Since the density of air is approximately _________________ than that of soft tissue,a given volume of air will interact with far fewer x-ray photons than adjacent regions of soft tissue,thereby permitting more radiation to reach the image receptor.

Which of the following interactions between x-ray photons with matter involve a matter-antimatter annihilation reaction?

In photoelectric absorption to dislodge an inner-shell electron from its atomic orbit,the incoming x-ray photon must be able to transfer a quantity of energy

Although coherent scattering is most likely to occur ____________,some of this unmodified scattering occurs throughout the diagnostic range and may result in small amounts of radiographic fog.

Which of the following is not a type of interaction between x-radiation and biologic matter?

Particles associated with electromagnetic radiation that have neither mass nor electric charge are

X-rays are carriers of

Annihilation radiation is used in which of the following modalities?

Introduction to Radiation Protection

Radiation: Types, Sources, and Doses Received

Radiation Quantities and Units

Radiation Monitoring

Overview of Cell Biology

Molecular and Cellular Radiation Biology

Early Tissue Reactions and Their Effects on Organ Systems

Stochastic Effects and Late Tissue Reactions of Radiation in Organ Systems

Dose Limits for Exposure to Ionizing Radiation

Equipment Design for Radiation Protection

Management of Patient Radiation Dose During Diagnostic X-Ray Procedures

Special Considerations on Safety in Computed Tomography and Mammography

Management of Imaging Personnel Radiation Dose During X-Ray Procedures

Radioisotopes and Radiation Protection

Filters