Question 1

Which of the following does NOT illustrate the kinds of work that applied anthropologists do?

Accepted Answer

A)  working for or with international development agencies, such as the World Bank and the U.S. Agency for International Development 
B)  helping the Environmental Protection Agency address environmental problems 
C)  borrowing from fields such as history and sociology to broaden the scope of theoretical anthropology 
D)  using the tools of medical anthropology to work as cultural interpreters in public health programs 
E)  applying the tools of forensic anthropology to work with police, medical examiners, the courts, and international organizations to identify victims of crimes, accidents, wars, and terrorism 
A)  working for or with international development agencies, such as the World Bank and the U.S. Agency for International Development 
B)  helping the Environmental Protection Agency address environmental problems 
C)  borrowing from fields such as history and sociology to broaden the scope of theoretical anthropology 
D)  using the tools of medical anthropology to work as cultural interpreters in public health programs 
E)  applying the tools of forensic anthropology to work with police, medical examiners, the courts, and international organizations to identify victims of crimes, accidents, wars, and terrorism

Question 2

What is the relationship between theory and practice in anthropology? Do you agree that applied anthropology should be recognized as a separate subsection of anthropology?

Accepted Answer

The relationship between theory and prac

Question 3

What is microenculturation?

Accepted Answer

A)  a condition that exists in large, industrialized states, wherein most of the population has only a small amount of real culture 
B)  the process whereby particular roles are learned within a limited social system (for example, a business) 
C)  the process whereby enculturation is accomplished through advanced media technology 
D)  the result of the meeting between foraging and tribal communities in less developed countries 
E)  enculturation based on a focused interest; for example, reruns of a TV show like "Star Trek" 
A)  a condition that exists in large, industrialized states, wherein most of the population has only a small amount of real culture 
B)  the process whereby particular roles are learned within a limited social system (for example, a business) 
C)  the process whereby enculturation is accomplished through advanced media technology 
D)  the result of the meeting between foraging and tribal communities in less developed countries 
E)  enculturation based on a focused interest; for example, reruns of a TV show like "Star Trek"

Question 4

This chapter's "Appreciating Diversity" account describes how McDonalds was able to succeed in the Brazilian market once it adapted to preexisting Brazilian cultural patterns. This example illustrates

Accepted Answer

A)  how the axiom of applied anthropology that innovation succeeds best when it is culturally appropriate applies only in Western cultures. 
B)  applied anthropology's danger of turning itself into a tool of capitalist interest, which always disregard the culture and well-being of the consumer. 
C)  how the axiom of applied anthropology that innovation succeeds best when it is culturally appropriate applies not just to development projects but also businesses, such as fast food. 
D)  applied anthropology's capacity to help foreign markets adapt to a marketing strategy that must, above all costs, maintain the integrity of its brand. 
E)  Brazilians' intolerance of foreign goods, because they disregard their tastes. 
A)  how the axiom of applied anthropology that innovation succeeds best when it is culturally appropriate applies only in Western cultures. 
B)  applied anthropology's danger of turning itself into a tool of capitalist interest, which always disregard the culture and well-being of the consumer. 
C)  how the axiom of applied anthropology that innovation succeeds best when it is culturally appropriate applies not just to development projects but also businesses, such as fast food. 
D)  applied anthropology's capacity to help foreign markets adapt to a marketing strategy that must, above all costs, maintain the integrity of its brand. 
E)  Brazilians' intolerance of foreign goods, because they disregard their tastes.

Question 5

In a comparative study of 68 development projects, Kottak determined that

Accepted Answer

A)  overinnovation was the most productive development model. 
B)  culturally compatible development projects were twice as successful as incompatible ones. 
C)  the Soviet socialist bloc model was the most successful. 
D)  the capitalist bloc model was the most financially successful. 
E)  the underdifferentiated model led to the most equity. 
A)  overinnovation was the most productive development model. 
B)  culturally compatible development projects were twice as successful as incompatible ones. 
C)  the Soviet socialist bloc model was the most successful. 
D)  the capitalist bloc model was the most financially successful. 
E)  the underdifferentiated model led to the most equity.

Question 6

Academic and applied anthropology have a symbiotic relationship, as theory aids practice and application fuels theory.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

A comparative study of 68 rural development projects from all around the world found culturally compatible economic development projects to be twice as successful financially as incompatible ones.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

Development projects should aim to accomplish all of the following EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A)  promoting change, but not overinnovation. 
B)  preserving local systems while working to make them better. 
C)  respecting local traditions. 
D)  drawing models of development from indigenous practices. 
E)  developing strategies with little input from the local communities. 
A)  promoting change, but not overinnovation. 
B)  preserving local systems while working to make them better. 
C)  respecting local traditions. 
D)  drawing models of development from indigenous practices. 
E)  developing strategies with little input from the local communities.

Question 9

Biomedicine, which aims to link an illness to scientifically-demonstrated agents that bear no personal malice toward their victims, is an example of naturalistic medicine.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

What, if anything, is the difference between an anthropologist currently consulting on a development project in Indonesia and another one conducting research in support of the British colonial government's efforts to subdue African natives in the 1930s?

Accepted Answer

The main difference between the anthropo

Question 11

The Malagasy development program described in this chapter illustrates the importance of

Accepted Answer

A)  the local government's ability to improve the lives of its citizens, when committed to doing so. 
B)  replacing subsistence farming with a viable cash crop. 
C)  replacing outdated traditional techniques of irrigation with more modern ones. 
D)  breaking down corporate descent groups, which are too independent and interfere with development. 
E)  the top-down strategies developed by the UN. 
A)  the local government's ability to improve the lives of its citizens, when committed to doing so. 
B)  replacing subsistence farming with a viable cash crop. 
C)  replacing outdated traditional techniques of irrigation with more modern ones. 
D)  breaking down corporate descent groups, which are too independent and interfere with development. 
E)  the top-down strategies developed by the UN.

Question 12

Which of the following is a reason that the Madagascar project to increase rice production was successful?

Accepted Answer

A)  Malagasy leaders were of the peasantry and were therefore prepared to follow the descent-group ethic of pooling resources for the good of the group as a whole. 
B)  The elites and the lower class were of different origins and thus had no strong connections through kinship, descent, or marriage. 
C)  There is a clear fit between capitalist development schemes and corporate descent-group social organization. 
D)  The project took into account the inevitability of native forms of social organization breaking down into nuclear family organization, impersonality, and alienation. 
E)  The educated members of Malagasy society are those who have struggled to fend for themselves and therefore brought an innovative kind of independence to the project. 
A)  Malagasy leaders were of the peasantry and were therefore prepared to follow the descent-group ethic of pooling resources for the good of the group as a whole. 
B)  The elites and the lower class were of different origins and thus had no strong connections through kinship, descent, or marriage. 
C)  There is a clear fit between capitalist development schemes and corporate descent-group social organization. 
D)  The project took into account the inevitability of native forms of social organization breaking down into nuclear family organization, impersonality, and alienation. 
E)  The educated members of Malagasy society are those who have struggled to fend for themselves and therefore brought an innovative kind of independence to the project.

Question 13

An ethnographic study of the workplace

Accepted Answer

A)  provides evidence that economic factors are fundamental to understanding differential productivity. 
B)  is routinely performed by employees of the U.S. federal government. 
C)  is not very useful, because all workplaces are becoming increasingly homogeneous, compared to 20 years ago. 
D)  provides a close observation of workers and managers in their natural setting. 
E)  is required of all organizations that want to become not-for-profit, according to the American Anthropological Association. 
A)  provides evidence that economic factors are fundamental to understanding differential productivity. 
B)  is routinely performed by employees of the U.S. federal government. 
C)  is not very useful, because all workplaces are becoming increasingly homogeneous, compared to 20 years ago. 
D)  provides a close observation of workers and managers in their natural setting. 
E)  is required of all organizations that want to become not-for-profit, according to the American Anthropological Association.

Question 14

A commonly stated goal of recent development policy is to promote equity; that is, to reduce poverty and promote a more even distribution of wealth.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

This chapter's "Appreciating Anthropology" section describes how forensic anthropologists work to identify victims of violence and genocide around the world. Which of the following identifying characteristics can NOT be determined from human skeletal remains?

Accepted Answer

A)  age 
B)  sex 
C)  right- or left-handedness 
D)  intelligence 
E)  dentition 
A)  age 
B)  sex 
C)  right- or left-handedness 
D)  intelligence 
E)  dentition

Question 16

It is safe to assume that there is less cultural diversity among the poorest, less developed countries in the world.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

Discuss ethical dilemmas and possible solutions with respect to the kinds of applied anthropology discussed in this chapter.

Accepted Answer

Ethical dilemmas in applied anthropology

Question 18

Applied anthropology is

Accepted Answer

A)  the purely academic dimension of anthropology. 
B)  the term used for all anthropological research programs. 
C)  the use of anthropological data, perspectives, theory, and methods to identify, assess, and solve contemporary problems. 
D)  rarely possible, as anthropological studies are not practical in the "real world." 
E)  is not guided by anthropological theory. 
A)  the purely academic dimension of anthropology. 
B)  the term used for all anthropological research programs. 
C)  the use of anthropological data, perspectives, theory, and methods to identify, assess, and solve contemporary problems. 
D)  rarely possible, as anthropological studies are not practical in the "real world." 
E)  is not guided by anthropological theory.

Question 19

As an aid to applied anthropology, anthropological theory

Accepted Answer

A)  is now read widely throughout the commercial sector of Western economies. 
B)  is generally considered a drawback to practice, because it is mainly based on work among indigenous societies. 
C)  promotes a systemic perspective that aids the successful implementation of development projects. 
D)  is derivative and lacking in original ideas. 
E)  formally forbids anthropologists from doing applied work. 
A)  is now read widely throughout the commercial sector of Western economies. 
B)  is generally considered a drawback to practice, because it is mainly based on work among indigenous societies. 
C)  promotes a systemic perspective that aids the successful implementation of development projects. 
D)  is derivative and lacking in original ideas. 
E)  formally forbids anthropologists from doing applied work.

Question 20

Although its roots extend further back in time, the real boom for applied anthropology in the United States began in the 1970s.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Exam 3: Applying Anthropology

Which of the following does NOT illustrate the kinds of work that applied anthropologists do?

What is the relationship between theory and practice in anthropology? Do you agree that applied anthropology should be recognized as a separate subsection of anthropology?

What is microenculturation?

This chapter's "Appreciating Diversity" account describes how McDonalds was able to succeed in the Brazilian market once it adapted to preexisting Brazilian cultural patterns. This example illustrates

In a comparative study of 68 development projects, Kottak determined that

Academic and applied anthropology have a symbiotic relationship, as theory aids practice and application fuels theory.

A comparative study of 68 rural development projects from all around the world found culturally compatible economic development projects to be twice as successful financially as incompatible ones.

Development projects should aim to accomplish all of the following EXCEPT

Biomedicine, which aims to link an illness to scientifically-demonstrated agents that bear no personal malice toward their victims, is an example of naturalistic medicine.

What, if anything, is the difference between an anthropologist currently consulting on a development project in Indonesia and another one conducting research in support of the British colonial government's efforts to subdue African natives in the 1930s?

The Malagasy development program described in this chapter illustrates the importance of

Which of the following is a reason that the Madagascar project to increase rice production was successful?

An ethnographic study of the workplace

A commonly stated goal of recent development policy is to promote equity; that is, to reduce poverty and promote a more even distribution of wealth.

This chapter's "Appreciating Anthropology" section describes how forensic anthropologists work to identify victims of violence and genocide around the world. Which of the following identifying characteristics can NOT be determined from human skeletal remains?

It is safe to assume that there is less cultural diversity among the poorest, less developed countries in the world.

Discuss ethical dilemmas and possible solutions with respect to the kinds of applied anthropology discussed in this chapter.

Applied anthropology is

As an aid to applied anthropology, anthropological theory

Although its roots extend further back in time, the real boom for applied anthropology in the United States began in the 1970s.

What Is Anthropology

Culture

Doing Archaeology and Biological Anthropology

Evolution and Genetics

Human Variation and Adaptation

The Primates

Early Hominins

Archaic Homo

The Origin and Spread of Modern Humans

The First Farmers

The First Cities and States

Method and Theory in Cultural Anthropology

Language and Communication

Ethnicity and Race

Making a Living

Political Systems

Gender

Families, Kinship, and Descent

Marriage

Religion

Arts, Media, and Sports

The World System and Colonialism

Anthropologys Role in a Globalizing World

Filters