Exam 3: Earthquake Geology and Seismology

When the Earth shakes,it releases energy in seismic waves,some of which pass through the whole body of the planet (body waves)and some of which propagate only near the surface (_______ waves).

The Earth's interior is homogeneous.

_________ waves travel only through solids;on reaching liquid or gas,the _______ wave energy is reflected back into rock or is converted to another form.

Normal faulting occurs when the hanging wall moves upward relative to the footwall.

Both Love and Rayleigh waves are referred to as L waves (long waves)because they take longer periods of time to complete one cycle of motion and are slower moving relative to P- and S-waves.

Can the same fault be classified as both a strike-slip and a transform fault?

Some major faults acting for millions of years have offset rock layers horizontally by hundreds of kilometers.

Earthquake moment is calculated by multiplying all but which of the following quantities together?

High-frequency P- and S-waves will have their vibrations amplified by 1)rigid construction materials,such as brick or stone,and 2)short buildings.

The strike-slip San Andreas Fault in California is a _______ fault more than 800 miles long.

The _____ wave travels fastest and moves in a push-pull fashion of alternating pulses of compression (push)and extension (pull).

Earthquakes are most commonly caused by ______________.

The Richter Scale is set up so that for every _______ increase in the amplitude of the recorded seismic wave,the Richter magnitude increases one number,e.g. ,from 4 to 5.

The shaking produced by Rayleigh waves causes both vertical and horizontal movement.