Exam 2: Business and the Constitution

The case of Marbury v. Madison established the federal courts' power of _______.

Protections under the Bill of Rights were extended to include restrictions and actions by state governments under the:

Mike is walking down the street minding his own business when he is stopped by a police officer. Although no crimes have been reported in the area and Mike has done nothing suspicious, the police officer doesn't like the looks of Mike so he conducts a pat-down search and finds a tiny bag of marijuana. Under these circumstances, this is:

In the cases of Heart of Atlanta Motel v. U.S. and Katzenbach v. McClung, the Supreme Court found illegal discrimination under the Civil Rights Act of 1964 by applying:

Powers granted in the Constitution to the three branches of the federal government are known as ________ powers.

Kathy was returning to the United States after a vacation when the Customs Service confiscated some goods she had purchased abroad and brought back with her. The determination of whether the government acted properly and the type of hearing that she must be provided is an analysis of:

Both commercial speech and corporate political speech are subject to intermediate scrutiny.

Which of the following is not a procedural due process issue?

Explain the structure of the U.S. government and how the checks and balances system operates to maintain equalization of power between the different parts of the government.

The legal authority that a court must have to hear a case is called _______.

The U.S. Supreme Court has established three standards of review used when applying constitutional law. Name these three standards and discuss each in terms of how it relates to state objectives.

Assume that Iowa has just passed a statute requiring all noncitizens to sit in the back of public buses. That statute would be reviewed using:

A question put to voters during a state election to decide a particular issue may be called a ballot initiative, a referendum, or a _______.

Under the federal system used by the United States, the federal government has only limited power to regulate individuals and businesses.

When a state action is found to be based on a semi-suspect (or quasi-suspect) classification, the courts will employ:

States were not subject to Bill of Rights restrictions until after the Civil War.

Treaties:

In Cipollone v. Liggett Group Inc., et al., Cipollone sued based on state laws regulating advertising and promotional activities in the tobacco industry.

The First Amendment prohibits individuals from encroaching on or prohibiting another person's freedom of speech.

The standard for issuance of a warrant for a search in a noncriminal administrative violation investigation is lower than that for investigating a criminal offense.